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Effect of micromineral and phenylpropionic acid on performances of coccus and rod-shaped cellulolytic bacteria degrading fibre of forage Thalib, Amlius; Haryanto, B; Kompiang, S; Mathius, I-W; Aini, A
Indonesian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 5, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Performances of coccus and rod-shaped cellulolytic bacteria as inoculum for fermentation of fibrous substrate treated with growth or stimulator factors have been conducted by in vitro. The bacteria were firstly separated and purified based on their morphological shape and followed by identification of their gram type. The treatments as follow : control, Cu (1,0 ppm), Zn (6,0 ppm), Se (0,02 ppm), Fe (16 ppm), Co (0,02 ppm), Mn (4,0 ppm), Mo (0,002 ppm), and phenylpropionic acid (PPA) (30 ppm). These factors were added into fermentation media individually (F.P/S) and as mixture (Mix F.P/S). Substrates used were cellulose and rice straw. Measurements were bacterial digestion of drymatter (DMD), bacterial count, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and NH3-N contents. Gram test showed that inoculum cellulolytic cocci and rods are gram-positive and gram-negative consecutively. The results of treatments showed that Cu, Zn, Co, Mo and PPA improve digestibility of cellulose and rice straw substrates by cellulolytic cocci significantly (p<0.05), and beside Mn, these factors increased the total count of cellulolytic cocci in fermentation medium significantly (p<0.05). The growth or stimulator factors increasing digestibility values of the substrates by cellulolytic rods significantly (p<0.05) were Cu, Zn, Se, Fe, Co, Mn and Mo (except Mn for rice straw substrate). Only 4 elements of the growth and stimulator factors increasing the total count of cellulolytic rods during fermentation of cellulose and rice straw substrates significantly (p<0.05) that is Zn, Co, Mn and Mo. Digestibility of cellulose by cocci is higher than by rods (34.65% vs 29.87%), however, the digestibility of rice straw by both bacteria did not show difference. Digestibility of both cellulose and rice straw substrates was improved by cocci and rods combination and improved further when treated with Mix F.P/S. Parameters of fermentation media ecosystem measured (i.e. total count of bacteria, VFA and NH3-N) were generally changed to be better when treated with Mix F.P/S. It is concluded that performances of cocci and rods in digesting fibrousÂ substrate are different, and growth or stimulator factors improved the activities of both group of bacteria significantly. Â Key words : Cellulolytic cocci, cellulolytic rods, growth and stimulator factors, bacterial digestion

Non-Genetic Factors Influence on Doe Productivity Performance of Local Kejobong Goat under Village Production System Sodiq, A; Haryanto, B
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 9, No 3 (2007): September
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui penampilan produktivitas induk kambing lokal Kejobong dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor lingkungan (bukan genetik) yang berpengaruh terhadap produktivitasnya. Penelitian lapang pada sistim produksi ternak ruminansia kecil melibatkan 212 ekor induk kambing. Koleksi data meliputi jumlah kepemilikan, identifikasi induk, jumlah cempe saat lahir dan sapih, jarak beranak, bobot sapih cempe, dan produktivitas induk. Prosedur General Linear Model (GLM) melalui bentuk fixed model diterapkan untuk menguji faktor tipe kelahiran dan paritas terhadap penampilan produktivitas induk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rataan jumlah cempe saat disapih 1,6 ekor, jarak beranak 268 hari, dan produktivitas induk 26,65 kg/induk/tahun. Faktor non genetik (tipe kelahiran dan paritas) nyata berpengaruh terhadap penampilan produktivitas induk kambing. Jumlah cempe saat disapih beserta produktivitas induk nyata meningkat hingga paritas keempat kemudian berangsur menurun kembali, dan juga meningkat pada tipe kelahiran kembar dua dan tiga. Jarak beranak nyata lebih pendek pada tipe kelahiran tunggal dibanding pada kelahiran kembar dua maupun tiga, demikian pula peningkatan paritas nyata memperpendek jarak beranak. Â Peningkatkan produktivitas induk kambing direkomendasikan melalui usaha perbaikan pengelolaan, utamanya adalah memperpendek jarak beranak dan meningkatkan jumlah cempe hidup hingga disapih. (Animal Production 9(2): 123-128 (2007)Â Kata Kunci: Produktivitas induk kambing, jarak beranak, jumlah cempe saat disapih, tipe kelahiran, paritas

Growth Of Female New Zealand Crossbreed Rabbit On Variation Of Feed Protein Level Soedjadi, Soedjadi; Haryanto, B; Sodiq, A
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol 1, No 1 (1999): January
Publisher : Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, Faculty of Animal Science, Purwokerto-Indonesia

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The Growth of Female New Zealand White Crossbreed Rabbit on Variation of Feed Protein Level have studied on Experimental Farm Animal Husbandry Faculty, University of Jenderal Soedirman Purwokerto.Â Â On â Station Research by Factorial Pattern based on Two-Way Classification Design, were involved 42 heads rabbit two months of age. Factors examine consistÂ of : kinds of feed as a first factors (a1 = without fish meal, a2 = fish meal 2%, a3 = fish meal 12%, a2 = fish meal 22%), and body weight as a second factors (b1 = 601-700 gram,b2 = 701-800 gram, b3 = 801-900 gram). Variance analysis showed that there were significance (P< 0.01) interaction between kinds of feed and body weight on daily gain and feed consumption. Increasing feed protein level (2, 12 and 22% of fish meal) clearly increase (P<0.01) of daily gain and feed consumption on overall of body weight conditionsÂ (b1,b2 and b3). Daily gain and feed consumption really affected (P<0.01) by body weight on overall of feed protein level. (Animal Production 1(1) : 30-35 (1999).Â Â Key Words : Growth, Rabbit, Protein

Pengaruh Suplemen Katalitik terhadap Karakteristik dan Populasi Mikroba Rumen Domba H T Uhi; A Parakkasi; B Haryanto
Media Peternakan Vol. 29 No. 1 (2006): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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Dry season resulted in lower availability of ruminant feeds with subsequent effects on reduction of sheep productivity; therefore nutritive supplement may be required. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of supplementation of catalytic substrate consisting of gelatinized sago, ammonium sulfate, Co and Zn on the sheep rumen characteristics and its microbial population. Forty lambs with an average live weight of 13 kg were divided into 8 blocks to test 5 feeding treatments. The treatments were feeding low quality forage without supplement (R1), R1 plus catalytic supplement at 10% of ration (R2), 20% (R3), 30% (R4) and a positive control treatment (R0 = R1 + soybean meal). Parameter measurements included rumen pH, ammonia, VFA and microbial population. It was observed that the rumen pH ranging from 6,06 (R1), 6,15 (R2), 6,45 (R4), 6,58 (R3) and 6,85 (R0). The rumen concentrations of ammonia were 5,83 mM (R3), 6,01 mM (R4), 6,35 mM (R2), 8,30 mM (R0) and 9,36 mM (R1) with total volatile fatty acid concentration ranging from 154, 88 mM (R1), 163,70 mM (R2), 180,89 mM (R0), 188,79 mM (R4) and 194,71 mM (R3). Population of rumen bacteri for R3 was 6,09 x 109 cell/ml, which was greater than RO (5,57 x 109 cell/ml), R1 (4,36 x 109 cell/ml), R2 (4,15 x 109 cell/ml), R4 (5,60 x 109 cell/ml), while protozoa R3 (2,59 x 106 cell/ml), was lower than RO (3,51 x 106 cell/ml) R1 (5,49 x 106 cell/ml) R2 (5,61 x 106 cell/ml) R4 (3,31 x 106 cell/ml). Catalytic supplement at 20% of ration (R3) resulted in a normal rumen concentration of ammonia and pH, and increased VFA concentration. It was concluded that catalytic supplement at 20% of ration was the appropriate level for optimal rumen characteristics.Key words : catalytic supplement, minerals, microbes, rumen, sheep

Performa dan Profil Beberapa Komponen Darah Sapi Peranakan Ongole yang Diberi Pakan Mengandung Lerak (Sapindus rarak De Candole) D A Astuti; E Wina; B Haryanto; S Suharti
Media Peternakan Vol. 32 No. 1 (2009): Media Peternakan
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

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The problem with low meat production is caused by several factors, ie: management, feed and animal health. The development of integration system such as cattle-rice, cattle-corn and cattle-palm oil aims to utilize feed from local resources. However, sometimes local feedstuff causes a problem of imbalance nutrient. There are several strategies to overcome this problem and one of them is the use of feed additives from natural substance or plant resources such as lerak (Sapindus rarak De Candole). This research was aimed to utilize lerak fruit to improve performance and evaluate some blood profiles of Ongole crossbred cattle. The in vivo work was done using 12 Ongole crossbred cattle receiving 3 different feeds as treatment, i.e. 1) feed without lerak (high roughage diet) as control, 2) feed contained 2,5% lerak, and 3) feed contained 5% lerak. Growth, daily gain, blood profiles (leucocytes, cholesterol, trigliceride and globulins) were observed. The results showed no significant differences for nutrient intake, meaning that the ration has good palatability. Average daily gain of cattle fed with 2,5% lerak was 20% higher than those with control diet. White blood cells tended to decrease caused by lerak treatments, but the globulin profiles (alpha, beta and gamma) were not significantly affected in all treatments. Blood cholesterol concentration decreased following the increase of lerak percentage. It is not recommended to use lerak in the cattle ration for more than two months because of the decreasing of leucocytes. Key words: Sapindus rarak, in vivo, leucocytes, globulins, palatability

Improvement of feed efficiency using protected-energy in the ration of ewes I-W Mathius; Dwi Yulistiani; E Wina; B Haryanto; A Wilson; A Thalib
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 6, No 1 (2001): MARCH 2001
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

High producing ewes required high amounts of energy, which can not be met through feeding conventional ration. Therefore, supplementing energy should be done, especially protected-energy. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of additional of protected fat/energy on the consumption of ration and the performance of ewes and lambs. Thirty-four local ewes were randomly allotted to four levels of by-pass energy groups, in which parts of energy content in the concentrate was replaced with rumen-protected fatty acids in the proportion of 0 (R1), 5 (R2), 10 (R3), and 20% (R4). Consumption, nutrient digestibility and animal performance (ewes and lambs) were determined by standard procedures. Results showed that the daily dry matter intake during pregnancy (g/kg BW0.75) did not differ among diet (72.1 + 2.56). The crude fibre intake varied slightly between treatment (P>0.05), those being slightly lower intake on the highest replacement of energy content in concentrate diet (R4). Dry matter digestibility were 52.4 + 0.24, 52.1 + 0.30; 51.8 +0.28; and 51.3 + 0.81 in groups R1, R2, R3, and R4, respectively, which were non-significantly different from each other. These results confirmed that the by-pass energy sources replacements did not affect rumen fermentation. The same tendency was also found for crude protein digestibility (P>0.05) i.e. 60.1; 61.8; 61.2; and 60.2 for R1, R2, R3, and R4 respectively. The average daily gain of ewes during gestation period was affected (P<0.05) by by-pass energy replacement and the effect was linear with increasing by-pass energy replacement. Significant difference was not found in the total birth weight of lambs and among dietary treatments. Lambs growth rate during the first 8 week of lactation was the highest on ewes fed diet containing the highest amount of by-pass energy sources (R4). It can be concluded that by-pass fatty acids can be used in ewes’ ration without affecting rumen fermentation and gave a positive respons to animal performance. Key words: By-pass energy, ewes ration, gestation and lactating phase

Feeding of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation culture (AOFC) to growing sheep: 2. Growth rate and feed efficiency D Lubis; B Haryanto; E Wina; T Suhargiyantatmo
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 7, No 4 (2002): DECEMBER 2002
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Utilization of yeast and or filamentous fungi as feed additive to ruminants has been of interest since the late 1980’s. Two fungi species have been commercially produced in the United States, (1) Yea-Sacc containing living cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and (2) Amaferm bearing Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract. It has been demonstrated and proven that the cultures can enhance rumen development and function in young ruminants. This paper concerns the use of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation culture (AOFC) as feed additive for young-growing male ‘Garut’ sheep. The A. oryzae was cultured in a media made of mineral-enriched ‘onggok’ flour, a material of tapioca processing waste. The AOFC was prepared gradually by incubating the fungus at room temperature (26 – 300C) for 5 days, dried at 400C and ground. The AOFC was added to a commercial concentrate (GT-03) at 0, 5 and 10% (w/w) levels, as treatment C0 (control), C1, and C2, respectively. Fifteen growing ‘Garut’ sheep were used and the concentrate feed treatments were randomly allotted based on a randomized block design. Drinking water was available at all time. The amount of feed offered (chopped King grass and concentrates) and their refusals were weighed daily and live-weight of sheep was measured once a week in the morning. Daily feces was collected and weighed in the last 10 days of the 14-week experimental period. All feed and fecal samples were analyzed for dry matter, crude protein, total fiber (NDF), and ash. AOFC supplementation resulted in higher weight gains (P<0.05), which were 94.81; 122.08; and 140.52 g/d for C0, C1, and C2 treatments, respectively. Dry and organic matter, as well as protein intake was also significantly increased by inclusion of AOFC into concentrate diet (P<0.05). The increment in nutrient intake was from increased consumption of concentrates, and not from King grass, however, there was no effect of AOFC supplementation on feed efficiency. Key words: A. oryzae, sheep, gain, efficiency

Response of sheep to supplementation of Probio-catalytic in the diets B Haryanto; Supriyati .; S.N Jarmani
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 13, No 4 (2008): DECEMBER 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

biotic and catalytic supplement, on the productive performances of sheep fed Pennisetum purpuphoides (King grass). The concentrate was made of rice bran, molasses-coated palm kernel cake, minerals and salt. Probio-catalytic supplements were added either at 0.5% or 1.0% of the concentrate. The probiotic in the probio-catalytic supplements was either Probion (produced by Balitnak) and assigned as probio-catalytic supplement A, or a mixture of rumen microbes of buffaloes which was assigned as probio-catalytic B. The catalytic supplement consisted of gelatinized sago, Zn, Co, urea and sulfur. Twenty heads of male young sheep with an average liveweight of 18.8 ± 1.7 kg were divided into 4 groups based on the bodyweight and allocated to 5 feeding treatments. The treatments were (1) Control (without probio-catalytic supplement), (2) R1 addition of probio-catalytic supplement A at 0.5%, (3) R2 addition of probio-catalytic supplement A at 1.0%, (4) R3 addition of probio-catalytic supplement B at 0.5%, and (5) R4 addition of probio-catalytic supplement B at 1.0%. The experiment was carried out by a randomized block design. A four-week adaptation period was then followed by a 12-week feed intake data collection and growth trial. An intake and digestibility study of the feed was carried out for 7 days. Rumen fluids were taken for analysis of pH, ammonia and volatile fatty acids and microbial population. Results indicated a significantly greater weight gain in the group received R1 than that of the other treatments. Feed dry matter intakes were less in the groups supplemented with probio-catalytic resulting in a better feed conversion ratio. The pH and concentration of ammonia of rumen fluid were not significantly different among treatments. While the acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations were not different among treatments, the butyric acid was significantly lower (P<0.05) in the groups received R3 and R4, whereas those received R2 and R3 was not significantly different than that of the control group. The molar proportion of volatile fatty acid components was within the normal values. Based on the results of the present experiment, it was concluded that addition of probio-catalytic supplement A at 0.5% was advantageous and it could be suggested to be included in the diet to improve the productive performance of sheep. Key Words: Probio-Catalytic Supplement, Productive Performance, Sheep

Influence of feeding protected protein and energy on intake and digestion by lambs I-W Mathius; B Haryanto; I.W.R Susana
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 3, No 2 (1998)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

To determine the effect of additional protected protein and energy on intake and digestion in lambs, a trial was conducted using 36 young sheep (average body weight 24 .8 _+ 1 .7 kg) in a completely randomized design . Combination of three levels of protected protein (0, 10 and 20%, based on the dry matter of the concentrate offered) and three levels of protected energy (0, 5, 10%, based on the dry matter of the concentrate offered) were added into concentrate diet and fed to growing sheep. Results showed that different levels of feed additive did not affect (P>0 .05) intake of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and metabolizable energy, with average of 76 .3 g, 68.9 g, 31 .2 g, 16 .79 g and 0.75 MJ /kg BW0.75 respectively . Level of protected protein gave significant (P<0 .05) respons on crude protein intake (7 .4 vs 8.7 vs 9.8 g/kg BW0.75) . Combination of protected protein and energy did not affect animal ability to digest the nutrient effectively. A mixtures of 20 % protected protein and 5 %energy addition into concentrate diet increased average daily gain (ADG) as much as 100 g. It was also found that for every gram ADG needs 42.2 kJ metabolizable energy . Key words : Protein, protected energy, sheep

Effect of micromineral and phenylpropionic acid on performances of coccus and rod-shaped cellulolytic bacteria degrading fibre of forage Amlius Thalib; B Haryanto; S Kompiang; I-W Mathius; A Aini
Jurnal Ilmu Ternak dan Veteriner Vol 5, No 2 (2000): JUNE 2000
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD)

Performances of coccus and rod-shaped cellulolytic bacteria as inoculum for fermentation of fibrous substrate treated with growth or stimulator factors have been conducted by in vitro. The bacteria were firstly separated and purified based on their morphological shape and followed by identification of their gram type. The treatments as follow : control, Cu (1,0 ppm), Zn (6,0 ppm), Se (0,02 ppm), Fe (16 ppm), Co (0,02 ppm), Mn (4,0 ppm), Mo (0,002 ppm), and phenylpropionic acid (PPA) (30 ppm). These factors were added into fermentation media individually (F.P/S) and as mixture (Mix F.P/S). Substrates used were cellulose and rice straw. Measurements were bacterial digestion of drymatter (DMD), bacterial count, volatile fatty acids (VFA) and NH3-N contents. Gram test showed that inoculum cellulolytic cocci and rods are gram-positive and gram-negative consecutively. The results of treatments showed that Cu, Zn, Co, Mo and PPA improve digestibility of cellulose and rice straw substrates by cellulolytic cocci significantly (p<0.05), and beside Mn, these factors increased the total count of cellulolytic cocci in fermentation medium significantly (p<0.05). The growth or stimulator factors increasing digestibility values of the substrates by cellulolytic rods significantly (p<0.05) were Cu, Zn, Se, Fe, Co, Mn and Mo (except Mn for rice straw substrate). Only 4 elements of the growth and stimulator factors increasing the total count of cellulolytic rods during fermentation of cellulose and rice straw substrates significantly (p<0.05) that is Zn, Co, Mn and Mo. Digestibility of cellulose by cocci is higher than by rods (34.65% vs 29.87%), however, the digestibility of rice straw by both bacteria did not show difference. Digestibility of both cellulose and rice straw substrates was improved by cocci and rods combination and improved further when treated with Mix F.P/S. Parameters of fermentation media ecosystem measured (i.e. total count of bacteria, VFA and NH3-N) were generally changed to be better when treated with Mix F.P/S. It is concluded that performances of cocci and rods in digesting fibrous substrate are different, and growth or stimulator factors improved the activities of both group of bacteria significantly. Key words : Cellulolytic cocci, cellulolytic rods, growth and stimulator factors, bacterial digestion

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