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All Journal Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman (The Soedirman Journal of Nursing) Indonesian Journal of Biotechnology INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Sari Pediatri Paediatrica Indonesiana Belitung Nursing Journal Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu (Integrated Health Journal) Journal of Community Empowerment for Health JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat

Hera Nirwati

Departemen Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Kesehatan Masyarakat, Dan Keperawatan, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Author-ID : 279798

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health

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Potential secondary metabolite analysis of soil Streptomyces sp. GMR22 and antibacterial assay on Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 Hera Nirwati; Ema Damayanti; Eti Nurwening Sholikhah; . Mustofa; Jaka Widada
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 54, No 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19106/JMedSci005402202202

Infectious diseases caused by oral pathogenic bacteria are currently a serious problem due to the increasing incidence of antimicrobial resistance. Streptomyces sp. GMR22, a soil actinobacterium which has large-genome size. In previous studies, it was known to have antifungal, and antibiofilm activity on Candida albicans. However, its antibacterial activity on oral pathogenic bacterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis is not clear. This study aimed to identify potential active compound based on genome mining analysis and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of GMR22 extract on P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. Potential active compounds and biosynthesis gene clusters were analysis using antiSMASH version 5. Antibacterial activity assay was carried out by the microdilution method on P. gingivalis ATCC 33277. Based on genome mining analysis polyketide synthase (PKS), the Streptomyces sp. GMR22 is the abundant BGCs (35%) and has large-predicted compounds which have antibiotic-antibacterial activity (22.9%). On antibacterial assay, chloroform extract of GMR22 at 7.8 – 62.5 µg/mL has high antibacterial activity on P. gingivalis compared to other extracts. Soil Streptomyces sp. GMR22 bacterium has biotechnological potential to produce active compounds for antibacterial.

Quantitative Analysis of Multi-components in Curcuma xanthorrhiza by Single Marker Badrunanto Badrunanto; Wulan Tri Wahyuni; Hera Nirwati; Mohamad Rafi
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 30 No 4, 2019
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

A new simple and effective routine analytical method for quantification of curcuminoids in Curcuma xanthorrhiza was developed by high-performance liquid chromatography. This method based on chromatographic fingerprint combined with a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS). Curcumin was selected as an internal marker for the determination of two other similar compounds, i.e. bisdemethoxycurcumin and demethoxycurcumin, by using the relative coefficient factor (RCF). Excellent linearity was obtained for each component (r2 > 0.9998), and the recovery of extraction methods were within 100.23-103.95%. The precision of the method was good at inter-day and intra-day analysis (RSD < 4.0%). The stability of RCFs was good under various chromatographic conditions with RSD < 1%, and the ratio of retention time was used to locate each compound. The quantification of curcuminoids between QAMS and external standard method (ESM) proved the consistency and similarity of the two method (RSD < 2%). This study demonstrated that QAMS could be used as a routine method for quality control of curcuminoids in C. xanthorrhiza. This method successfully proved accurate, stable, more effective and simple than external standard method.

Diare Rotavirus pada Anak Usia Balita Titis Widowati; Nenny S Mulyani; Hera Nirwati; Yati Soenarto
Sari Pediatri Vol 13, No 5 (2012)
Publisher : Badan Penerbit Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia (BP-IDAI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14238/sp13.5.2012.340-5

Latar belakang. Rotavirus merupakan penyebab tersering diare akut berat pada anak balita. Peningkatan yang pesat di bidang teknologi diagnostik memungkinkan dilakukan identifikasi genotipe rotavirus penyebab diare. Belum banyak penelitian di Indonesia yang melaporkan hubungan antara genotipe rotavirus dengan manifestasi klinisnya. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan antara genotipe rotavirus dengan gambaran klinis.Metode. Penelitian potong lintang dengan subyek pasien diare akut yang berobat di Poliklinik Anak atau dirawat inap di RS DR Sardjito. Subyek yang bersedia berpartisipasi dalam penelitian diambil data klinis dan sampel tinja untuk dilakukan pemeriksaan rotavirus dengan enzyme immunoassaydan deteksi genotipe dengan pemeriksaan RT-PCR (Gentsch, 1992). Dilakukan penilaian derajat keparahan diare menggunakan 20-point severity scoring systemyang dimodifikasiHasil.Selama Januari 2006 - Maret 2007 didapatkan 353 kasus diare akut, 116 (32,68%) di antaranya positif terinfeksi rotavirus. Prevalensi tertinggi dijumpai pada kelompok usia 6-23 bulan (65,5%). Diare rotavirus menunjukkan gejala klinis yang lebih berat (severity score>11) dibanding diare karena penyebab lain (RR=1,27, IK 95% 1,08-1,49). Jenis genotipe rotavirus yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah G1 (27,5%) diikuti dengan G9 (18%), G2 (17%), G4 (3%), G3 (2%). Kombinasi G-P terbanyak adalah G1 P[6] (20%). Tipe untypeable(28.6%) dan G 1 (28.6%) paling sering memberikan gejala klinis berat (severity scoring >11) diikuti dengan G 9 (23.8%). Kesimpulan. Pasien diare rotavirus yang untypeable dan G 1 lebih sering mengalami dehidrasi dan muntah serta memberikan gambaran klinis yang lebih berat. Sangat penting mendeteksi lebih jauh jenis genotipe dari untypeableuntuk kepentingan pembuatan vaksin rotavirus yang mampu melindungi terhadap berbagai macam galur rotavirus.

Surveillance of rotavirus diarrhea Titis Widowati; Yati Soenarto; Achirul Bakrie; Hera Nirwati
Paediatrica Indonesiana Vol 52 No 1 (2012): January 2012
Publisher : Indonesian Pediatric Society

Background Rotavirus is a major cause of severe diarrhea anddehydration in children worldwide. Data on the burden of diseasein Indonesia is limited.Objective To provide an epidemiological profile of rotavirusinfection among children hospitalized for diarrhea in MohammadHoesin Hospital, Palembang.Methods In January- December 2006, a prospective, hospitalbasedsurveillance was carried out in children aged less thanfive years, presenting with diarrhea. Stool samples wereexamined for rotavirus using enzyme immunoassay (EIA).G- and P-typing were performed on specimens confirmed tobe positive by EIA.Results A total of 513 fecal specimens from 534 children weretested for rotavirus. Rotavirus was detected in 64% of thespecimens, mostly of the G9 type (62.5%). Incidence ofrotavirusdiarrhea was highest in the 6 month to 2 years age group (60.4%).Children with rotavirus diarrhea were more likely to present withdehydration, compared to those with non-rotavirus diarrhea (94%vs 70%, respectively, P=0.03).Conclusion Rotavirus was the most common pathogen foundin children with diarrhea. Rotavirus was detected in 64% ofpediatric diarrheal specimens tested in our study. This findingwarrants the use of a large-scale program to prevent disease,such as vaccination against rotavirus. [Paediatr lndones.2012;52:22-7].

Relationship between hand hygiene behavior and Staphylococcus aureus colonization on cell phones of nurses in the intensive care unit Meri Afridayani; Yohana Ika Prastiwi; Khudazi Aulawi; Ibrahim Rahmat; Hera Nirwati; Haryani Haryani
Belitung Nursing Journal Vol. 7 No. 1 (2021): January - February
Publisher : Belitung Raya Foundation, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33546/bnj.1223

Background: Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) are infections that often occur in hospitals with Staphylococcus aureus as the primary cause. Staphylococcus aureus is usually found on nurses' hands and easily transferred by contact. Cell phones can be a convenient medium for transmitting bacteria. Accordingly, hand washing is one of the effective ways to prevent the transmission of Staphylococcus aureus. Objective: This study aimed to determine the relationship between hand hygiene behavior and the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus on cell phones of nurses in the intensive care unit of the academic hospital. Methods: This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design conducted from December 2019 to January 2020. The observations of hand hygiene behaviors were performed on 37 nurses selected using total sampling. Colonization of bacteria on each nurses' cell phone was calculated by swabbing the cell phones' surface. Colony counting was done using the total plate count method. Spearman Rank test and Mann Whitney test were used for data analysis. Results: The nurses' hand hygiene behavior was 46.06%. Staphylococcus aureus colonization was found on 18.2% of the nurses' cell phones. However, there was no significant relationship between the nurses' hand hygiene behavior and the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus on their cell phones. Conclusion: The hand hygiene behavior of nurses was still low, and there was evidence of Staphylococcus aureus colonization on their cell phones. As there was no relationship between the nurses' hand hygiene behavior with the colonization of Staphylococcus aureus on the cell phones, further research is needed to determine if there is an increase or decrease in colonization before and after regular observations.

ANALISIS HUBUNGAN VARIABEL CUACA DENGAN KEJADIAN DBD DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA Rinaldi Daswito; Lutfan Lazuardi; Hera Nirwati
Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu (Integrated Health Journal) Vol 10 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Kesehatan Terpadu (Integrated Health Journal) Mei 2019
Publisher : Poltekkes Kemenkes Maluku

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is the main public health issues in Indonesia, even endemic in all provinces. The incidence of DHF is still fluctuated annually in the city of Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine the pattern of the relationship between weather variables (air temperature, rainfall, humidity, and wind speed) on the incidence of DHF in the city of Yogyakarta for 5 years (2010-2014). This study used the ecological study design with spatial-temporal approach. Population was the incidence of dengue for the period 2010-2014 in the administrative area of Yogyakarta city. Spearman-rho correlation test showed that the pattern of the relationship of DHF incidence was more significant (p <0.05) and had a stronger correlation coefficient with an increase in weather variables in the previous few months. Rainfall in the previous two months (r = 0.5617), air temperature three months earlier (r = 0.4399), and humidity in the previous month (r = 0.6097) had a positive relationship pattern with an increase in the incidence of DHF. Wind speed is negatively related to the incidence of DHF in the same month (r = -0.3743). Based on graph/ time-trend analysis and spatial analysis of weather variables had a relationship with the incidence of DHF in the city of Yogyakarta. The Yogyakarta City Health Office is advised to use weather data from BMKG every year in planning DHF prevention programs and determine the timing of mass mosquito eradication (PSN) activities. Keywords: Dengue, vector-borne disease, climate, temporal

The development of GAMA Swab sampling chamber for walk-through sampling in patients with COVID-19 at Gadjah Mada Hospital Hera Nirwati; Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih; Siswanto Siswanto; Mahatma Sotya Bawono; Titien Budhiaty; Setyawan Bekti Wibowo; Raden Sumiharto
Journal of Community Empowerment for Health Vol 3, No 2 (2020): Special Issue of COVID-19
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jcoemph.57547

Collecting swab samples from the nasopharynx and oropharynx of patients with COVID-19 is essential in detecting SARS-CoV-2. This procedure potentially produces sufficient droplets. Since SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted through droplets, swab sampling has to be done carefully to prevent the risk of transmission to healthcare workers or the cross-contamination to the environment. The GAMA Swab Sampling Chamber (GSSC) is a positive-pressure chamber designed for collecting swab samples involving the healthcare worker positioned inside, while the patient is outside the chamber. The chamber is designed to minimize the risk of aerosol exposure to the healthcare worker due to leakage or when opening or closing the door. Accordingly, the healthcare worker does not need to use complete personal protective equipment (PPE) as they do when collecting swab samples without the chamber. After several tests to check the safety and the chamber’s function, the GSSC was used at Gadjah Mada Hospital. This chamber had been used to swab 51 asymptomatic patients, 72 suspected patients, and 284 voluntary persons for ten weeks. The results of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) examination of all samples from asymptomatic patients were negative, while 2 of 72 suspected patients (2.8%) and 4 of 284 voluntary persons (1.4%) had positive RT-PCR results. The use of GSSC can simplify the swab sampling, also reduces the need for PPE usage and a negative pressure isolation room which are limited in the current pandemic situation.

Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from clinical isolates at dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro central hospital Klaten Handi Virawan; Titik Nuryastuti; Hera Nirwati
JKKI : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia JKKI, Vol 11, No 2, (2020)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20885/JKKI.Vol11.Iss2.art3

Background: Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative bacterium that often causes nosocomial infections. Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics as an empiric therapy has contributed to increases of K. Pneumoniae strains that are resistant to antibiotics. Therefore, a test on antibiotic susceptibility of K. pneumoniae is needed as a guide in treating a definitive therapy. Objective: This study aimed to measure the percentages of multidrug-resistant (MDR) of K. pneumoniae and its susceptibility at dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Central Hospital, Klaten, Central Java in 2017. Methods: This study was a descriptive study using secondary data at the Clinical Microbiology Laboratorium of dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Central Hospital, Klaten. The K. pneumoniae was isolated from patients hospitalized in the hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31 2017. Identifications of the K. pneumoniae were conducted by a colony morphology observation, a gram staining, and a biochemical test. The test of antibiotics susceptibility used Kirby-Bauer method based on Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The data were analyzed by univariate analysis.Results: In 2017, there were 213 K. pneumoniae isolates from various clinical samples. Among them, 122 isolates were MDR K. pneumoniae (57.28%). The majority of MDR K. pneumoniae were resistant to a wide range of antibiotics. The MDR K. pneumoniae had only a good sensitivity to meropenem (98.43%), amikacin (93.75%), nitrofurantoin (88.89%), and fosfomycin (88.89%). In contrast, all non-MDR K. pneumoniae had good sensitivity to all tested antibiotics, except to ampicillin.Conclusion: The percentage of MDR K. pneumoniae isolates at the dr. Soeradji Tirtonegoro Cental in 2017 was 57%. Meropenem and amikacin could be considered as empirical therapies to cure an MDR K. pneumoniae infection.

Kepatuhan perawat dalam cuci tangan dan angka kuman di satu rumah sakit swasta Yogyakarta Ichtiarini Nurullita Santri; Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi; Hera Nirwati
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 33, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Differences in the number of germs in the palms of nurses according to the level of knowledge and compliance of handwashing in private hospitalsPurposeThis study aimed to measure the difference of germs on the hands of nurses according to level of knowledge and compliance of handwashing in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Yogyakarta.MethodsThis study used observational analytic method with a cross sectional study design. The population in this research was nurses who work in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital of Yogyakarta totalling 68 people. Measurements used questionnaires and direct observation of handwashing, as well as direct sampling for examination of the number of germs in the palms of nurses.ResultsThere was no difference in the number of germs in the palms of the nurses with knowledge level (p = 0.541), and individual characteristics (p > 0.05). There was a difference in the number of germs in the nurse's hands (p = 0.000) with adherence. The result of observation showed that the lack of compliance of hand washing was due to the lack of awareness of nurses about handwashing.ConclusionThere are differences of germs in the hands of nurses with compliance with handwashing. Therefore, it is necessary to check and supervise handwashing routinely in order to increase awareness of the importance of handwashing by health personnel especially nurses.

ANALISIS SPASIAL DAN FAKTOR LINGKUNGAN YANG MEMPENGARUHI KEJADIAN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE (DBD) DI KECAMATAN LIMBOTO KABUPATEN GORONTALO Ririn Pakaya; Lutfan Lazuardi; Hera Nirwati
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat (BKM) Vol 35, No 9 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/bkm.50492

Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is diseases caused by dengue virus. DHF transmitted by mosquito bites from Aedes genus Aedes, mainly Aedes aegypti or Aedes albopictus. DHF is emerging over the year and attacking all of age groups. It related to environmental condition and community behaviour. Incidence Rate (IR) of DHF from 1968 till now tend to showed improvement. Incidence rate of it showed extremely reduction from 2010 to 2011 and rising from 2012 to 2013 (41,25 per 100.000 person). DHF in Gorontalo has been endemic diseases every years and reported deaths of patient in this cases. Based on data of Districts Health Office Gorontalo, showed incidence of DHF has raised during last six years on 2010-2015. The extreme improvement DHF incidence on 2010 amounts 167 cases (3 person died) and the lowest reduction of DHF incidence on 2011 amounts 4 cases (1 person died). Objective: Identifying spatial distribution of DHF Incidence ana analyzing environment againts incidence of DHF in Limboto, Gorontalo.Method: Type of study was observational used cross sectional study design supported by Geographic information System (GIS) to collected spatial information.Result: Main result by poisson regression test showed association between physical environment variable such as precipitation (in same, previous, and previous two months), temperature (in same, previous, and previous two months), humidity (in same, previous, and previous two months), wind velocity (in same, previous, and previous two months). Variable of precipitation, humidity, and wind velocity in previous two months showed weak coefficient correlation and negative.Conclusion: Pattern of Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) incidence following fluctuation of physical environment. Precipitation in previous two mounts, humidity, and wind velocity in same monts. The results show that the need for the District Health Office Gorontalo may considered physical environment factors on DHF’s prevention program.

Co-Authors Abu Tholib Aman Achirul Bakrie Achmad, Bayu Fandi Aris Haryanto Aris Haryanto Badrunanto Badrunanto Chandra, Lukman Ade Dibtyanusa, Ajib Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih Dwiprahasto, Iwan Ema Damayanti Eti Nurwening Sholikhah Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi Handi Virawan Haryani - Ibrahim Rahmat Ika Puspitasari JAKA WIDADA Khudazi Aulawi Kian Sinanjung Kumara, Intan Fatah Lutfan Lazuardi Lutfan Lazuardi M. Rafi Mahatma Sotya Bawono Meri Afridayani Mustofa Mustofa Nastiti Wijayanti Nastiti Wijayanti Nenny S Mulyani Raden Sumiharto Ramadhanti, Ahijrah Rinaldi Daswito Ririn Pakaya Rukmono Siswishanto S. Sutaryo Santri, Ichtiarini Nurullita Setyawan Bekti Wibowo Siswanto Siswanto Sutaryo Sutaryo Sutaryo1 S, Sutaryo1 Sutono Sutono Titien Budhiaty Titik Nuryastuti Titis Widowati Titis Widowati Tri Wibawa Wahyono, Djoko Wulan Tri Wahyuni Yati Soenarto Yohana Ika Prastiwi

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