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Optimasi Proses Nitrasi pada Pembuatan Nitro Selulosa dari Serat Limbah Industri Sagu Purnawan Purnawan
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Proses pembuatan selulosa nitrat dari serat sagu dilakukan dengan dua tahapan proses yaitu proses delignifikasi dan proses nitrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari proses nitrasi selulosa menjadi nitro selulosa. Sebelum dinitrasi, selulosa serat sagu dibersihkan dari kandungan ligninnya dengan proses soda nitrat memakai asam nitrat dan natrium hidroksida. Proses nitrasi menggunakan asam campuran yang terdiri dari asam nitrat dan asam sulfat sebagai katalisator. Proses dilakukan dalam labu leher tiga yang dilengkapi pengaduk dan pengatur suhu. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari pengaruh waktu reaksi, perbandingan selulosa dengan asam campuran dan perbandingan asam sulfat dengan asam nitrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses nitrasi akan memberikan hasil terbaik pada waktu reaksi 1,5 jam, perbandingan selulosa – asam campuran 1:20 serta perbandingan asam sulfat – asam nitrat 1:5. Pada kondisi ini diperoleh yield sebanyak 151,22% dengan kandungan nitrogen sebanyak 13,39% yang mendekati kadar nitrogen maksimum teoritis sebesar 14,14%. Kata kunci: delignifikasi, nitrasi, nitroselulosa, kadar nitrogen Nitrocellulose production from sago fibers was conducted in two steps, i.e. delignification and nitration processes. This work studied the nitration process of sago fiber cellulose. Before nitration, the lignin was removed using the nitrate soda process utilizing nitric acid and sodium hydroxide. The nitration process used an acid solution consisting of nitric acid and sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The process was carried out in a three neck flask equipped with stirrer and temperature control. The effects of reaction time, nitric acid concentration, and sulfuric to nitric acid ratio were investigated. The results showed that the best operating conditions obtained for the reaction time, cellulose to mixed acid ratio and sulfuric to nitric acid ratio were 1.5 hours, 1:20 and 1:4 respectively in which the product yield and nitrogen content were found to be 151.22% and 13.39%. This nitrogen content was close to the theoretical maximum nitrogen content of 14.14%. Keywords: delignification, nitration, nitrocellulose, nitrogen content.

IMPLEMENTASI TEKNOLOGI WASTAFEL TANPA SENTUH DI RUMAH SAKIT KOTA PADANG DALAM RANGKA MEMUTUS MATA RANTAI COVID-19 Zaini Zaini; Syarkawi Syamsuddin; Wisnu Joko Wulung; Purnawan Purnawan; Hendery Dahlan; Wisnel Wisnel; Denny Herald
Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS Vol 3 No 4 (2020)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/jhi.v3i4.466

The public's lack of concern for health protocols is directly proportional to the increase in the number of people affected by the Covid-19 virus. This condition worsens when public facilities such as available hand washing equipment tend to be less hygienic because there is still physical contact during the hand washing process, so there is a great potential risk of spreading the Covid-19 outbreak in the community en masse. Therefore an innovation was made in the form of a touchless hand washing device equipped with sensors to replace the function of water taps and manual liquid soap containers. The target audience of this activity is the people in the hospital environment of Padang City. This activity is carried out in two stages, namely the first stage to design tools and the second stage in the form of procurement of tools as well as outreach to the people of Padang City who visit the hospital regarding the introduction and how to use hand washing tools without touch as well as demonstrating to the community with the assistance of the hospital about how to wash hands properly and correctly according to health protocols.

Optimasi Proses Nitrasi pada Pembuatan Nitro Selulosa dari Serat Limbah Industri Sagu Purnawan Purnawan
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 4, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Departemen Teknik Kimia Fakultas Teknik Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.1887

Proses pembuatan selulosa nitrat dari serat sagu dilakukan dengan dua tahapan proses yaitu proses delignifikasi dan proses nitrasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari proses nitrasi selulosa menjadi nitro selulosa. Sebelum dinitrasi, selulosa serat sagu dibersihkan dari kandungan ligninnya dengan proses soda nitrat memakai asam nitrat dan natrium hidroksida. Proses nitrasi menggunakan asam campuran yang terdiri dari asam nitrat dan asam sulfat sebagai katalisator. Proses dilakukan dalam labu leher tiga yang dilengkapi pengaduk dan pengatur suhu. Pada penelitian ini dipelajari pengaruh waktu reaksi, perbandingan selulosa dengan asam campuran dan perbandingan asam sulfat dengan asam nitrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses nitrasi akan memberikan hasil terbaik pada waktu reaksi 1,5 jam, perbandingan selulosa – asam campuran 1:20 serta perbandingan asam sulfat – asam nitrat 1:5. Pada kondisi ini diperoleh yield sebanyak 151,22% dengan kandungan nitrogen sebanyak 13,39% yang mendekati kadar nitrogen maksimum teoritis sebesar 14,14%. Kata kunci: delignifikasi, nitrasi, nitroselulosa, kadar nitrogen Nitrocellulose production from sago fibers was conducted in two steps, i.e. delignification and nitration processes. This work studied the nitration process of sago fiber cellulose. Before nitration, the lignin was removed using the nitrate soda process utilizing nitric acid and sodium hydroxide. The nitration process used an acid solution consisting of nitric acid and sulfuric acid as a catalyst. The process was carried out in a three neck flask equipped with stirrer and temperature control. The effects of reaction time, nitric acid concentration, and sulfuric to nitric acid ratio were investigated. The results showed that the best operating conditions obtained for the reaction time, cellulose to mixed acid ratio and sulfuric to nitric acid ratio were 1.5 hours, 1:20 and 1:4 respectively in which the product yield and nitrogen content were found to be 151.22% and 13.39%. This nitrogen content was close to the theoretical maximum nitrogen content of 14.14%. Keywords: delignification, nitration, nitrocellulose, nitrogen content.

RANCANG BANGUN MESIN PENGEPRES SAMPAH RUMAH TANGGA UNTUK BAHAN BIOBRIKET KAPASITAS 250 KG/JAM Reza Setiawan; Purnawan Purnawan
BAROMETER Vol 2 No 2 (2017): Barometer
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang

Diantara alternatif untuk menangani masalah sampah rumah tangga adalah dengan mengolahnya menjadi biobriket. Kandungan air yang tinggi pada sampah rumah tangga mencapai 70% perlu direduksi agar sampah dapat dicampur dengan bahan lain. Tujuan rancang bangun ini adalah untuk membuat desain dan mesin pengepres sampah dengan sistem screw press. Perancangan menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan meliputi proses studi pendahuluan, pembuatan dan pengembangan desain, pembuatan dan perakitan mesin, uji coba dan evaluasi. Melalui perancangan ini telah dihasilkan desain dan mesin pengepres sampah dengan sistem screw press kapasitas 250 kg/jam, dimensi 1000 x 620 x 825 mm, mesin digerakan menggunakan motor listrik berdaya 1,1 kW dengan putaran 1420 rpm

Pelatihan Pemasaran Digital dan Pengembangan Web untuk Mendukung Penjualan Komoditas Porang pada Kelompok Tani Yin Porang di Wonogiri Eska Almuntaha; Argaditia Mawadati; Nidia Lestari; Yuli Purwanto; Suwanto Raharjo; Emy Setyaningsih; Suparni Setyowati Rahayu; Purnawan Purnawan; Nurul Dzakiya
Jurnal Sains Teknologi dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Vol. 3 No. 1 (2022): July 2022
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31599/jstpm.v3i1.920

Amorphophallus muelleri Bl. atau biasa dikenal dengan nama porang, jika diolah dengan baik dapat menghasilkan banyak manfaat. Secara ekonomi, komoditas porang memang sangat menjanjikan karena memiliki nilai ekonomi terutama untuk industri dan Kesehatan. Porang menjadi bahan baku industrri kosmetik dan bahan makanan rendah kalori favorit, terutama di Jepang dan Korea Selatan. Kelompok Tani Yin Porrang merupakan salah satu kelompok tani porang yang ada di Desa Padarangin, Kecamatan Slogohimo, Kabupaten Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah. Selain masalah produk akhir, pemasaran yang bersifat konvensional menjadi masalah utama untuk pengembangan usaha kelompok tani ini. IST AKPRIND melalui program Matching Fund tahun 2021 menawakan solusi untuk pengembangan prroduk sehingga menambah nilai jual porang. Pelatihan pemasaran digital dan pengembangan web sebagai salah satu sarana pemasaran digital juga dilakukan untuk meraih target pasar yang lebih luas dengan biaya yang lebih rendah dan cara yang lebih terukur.

PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGEMBANGAN AGROEKOWISATA DANAU BONTAK DI NAGARI LUBUK GADANG KABUPATEN SOLOK SELATAN Rudi Febriamansyah; Sri Setiawati; Elita Amrina; Yuerlita Yuerlita; Fuji Astuti Febria; Jabang Nurdin; Purnawan Purnawan; Yonariza Yonariza; Mahdi Mahdi; Rika Hariance; Sirajul Fuad Zis; Yulistriani Yulistriani
BULETIN ILMIAH NAGARI MEMBANGUN Vol 7 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : LPPM (Institute for Research and Community Services) Universitas Andalas Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/bina.v7i2.594

West Sumatra, one of the provinces in Indonesia, is renowned for its rich cultural heritage and beautiful natural landscapes. Additionally, its agricultural sector significantly contributes to the region's Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP), including in Solok Selatan Regency, which boasts the Seribu Rumah Gadang area as its tourism icon. Solok Selatan Regency is also home to Lake Bontak, the only lake in the region, located within the conservation area of Kerinci Seblat National Park (TNKS), one of the gateways for climbing Mount Kerinci. The Independent Conservation Group (KKM) Bangun Rejo has been managing agro-ecotourism by establishing a Tourism Awareness Group (Pokdarwis) and farmer groups. These groups engage in integrated farming, agriculture, and livestock businesses with nature tourism at Lake Bontak. The empowerment of these community groups aims to develop sustainable agro-ecotourism in Solok Selatan Regency. One method used is Focus Group Discussions (FGD) to identify the potential for agro-ecotourism development at Lake Bontak. The outcomes of these activities include the agro-edutourism development concept, the creation of social media accounts for promotion, and the cleaning and installation of tracking paths and tourist activity guides in the Lake Bontak area. Additionally, there is an emphasis on educating the community about conducting tourism activities that prioritize biodiversity conservation within the conservation area to support ongoing environmental knowledge around Lake Bontak. It is hoped that this area will attract both local and international tourists, particularly students and researchers interested in exploring the flora and fauna potential through the agro-edutourism concept.

Pelatihan Usaha Cuci Motor Plus Detailing Kendaraan untuk Peningkatan Keterampilan Warga Desa Roworejo Dwi Jatmoko; Aci Primartadi; Arif Susanto; Bintang Fatia Wibowo; Mukhammad Abdul Wakhid; Purnawan Purnawan
Masyarakat Berkarya : Jurnal Pengabdian dan Perubahan Sosial Vol. 2 No. 2 (2025): Mei : Masyarakat Berkarya : Jurnal Pengabdian dan Perubahan Sosial
Publisher : Lembaga Pengembangan Kinerja Dosen

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62951/karya.v2i2.1358

The purpose of this community service program is to improve the technical skills of residents of Roworejo Village, Grabag, Purworejo, in the field of motorbike washing and car detailing. Improving technical skills to wash motorbikes and detail vehicles according to professional standards and the application of technology that supports business sustainability through a water recycling system is the main focus of the activity. This activity is carried out by providing theoretical training on basic vehicle detailing techniques, as well as direct practice such as washing, body care, polishing, and the use of detailing tools. Participants are also educated on how to use and maintain a water recycling system when running a business. The results of the activity showed that 78% of participants succeeded in applying the principles of environmentally friendly technology in business practices. In addition, 85% of participants were able to master the basic techniques of washing motorbikes and detailing vehicles according to training standards. It is hoped that this activity will help sustainable village economic development and open up new skills-based business opportunities.

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