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Journal : advance sustainable science engineering and technology asset

A Review of Factors Affecting the Mechanical Performance of PLA in FDM 3D Printing Saefudin, Slamet; Samsudi Raharjo; Ilham Yustar Afif; Syarifudin; Purnomo; Muhammad Omar Rusydi; Kuzmin Anton; Muhammad Subri; M. Edi Pujianto
Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 7 No. 2 (2025): February-April
Publisher : Science and Technology Research Centre Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/chs1gc62

Abstract

3D printing has rapidly evolved due to its significant advantages in rapid prototyping. 3D-printed products for industrial applications require stable mechanical properties, which are influenced by various factors. The lack of a comprehensive discussion addressing the factors affecting mechanical properties is the main reason for this review. This article aims to provide an overview of Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing concerning the factors that influence the mechanical performance of FDM 3D products using polylactic acid (PLA) material. The article covers the impact of material factors, process parameters (such as layer thickness, infill patterns, print orientation, infill patterns, infill density, infill width, temperature, and printing speed), as well as post-processing treatments as key considerations. The contribution of this article is to explain to researchers and industry practitioners the factors that affect the mechanical performance of FDM 3D printed products. 
In Vitro Degradation and Mechanical Performance of Mg AZ31B for Biodegradable Bone Implant Applications Saefudin, Slamet; Purnomo; Muhammad Subri; M. Edi Pujianto; Ilham Yustar Afif; Samsudi Raharjo
Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology Vol. 8 No. 2 (2026): February-April
Publisher : Science and Technology Research Centre Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/asset.v8i2.2652

Abstract

Magnesium AZ31B is a promising biodegradable implant material due to its mechanical properties comparable to natural bone and its ability to degrade in physiological environments, potentially eliminating the need for secondary surgery. However, its rapid degradation can cause a significant loss of mechanical integrity, limiting its use in load-bearing applications. This study investigates the evolution of mechanical properties and surface characteristics of AZ31B during in-vitro immersion in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF). Tensile tests were conducted on triplicate specimens after immersion for 3, 6, and 9 days, while surface morphology and corrosion products were analyzed using SEM–EDX. In addition, pH variation and mass loss were monitored to evaluate corrosion behavior. The results show a progressive decrease in tensile strength from 279.77 ± 5.30 MPa (0 days) to 167.64 ± 2.31 MPa after 9 days of immersion, representing an overall reduction of approximately 40%. This degradation was accompanied by increased surface corrosion, mass loss, and solution alkalization. These findings provide quantitative insight into the relationship between corrosion progression and mechanical degradation of AZ31B, highlighting its time-dependent performance limitations and the need for surface modification strategies in biodegradable implant applications.