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Implementing Business Judgment Rules in Corporate Decision-Making: A Focus on the Tourism Industry Johan, Suwinto
UNES Law Review Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024): UNES LAW REVIEW (Juni 2024)
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Ekasakti Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31933/unesrev.v6i4.2071

Abstract

The Board of Directors assumes responsibility for managing a Limited Liability Company, making decisions amidst uncertain circumstances that may lead to company losses. Directors must adherence to the principles of the business judgment rule and act without conflict of interest and with utmost good faith towards the company's best interests. This study explores the application of business judgment rules by directors in corporate governance, employing normative juridical methods. Directors' accountability for company losses under these rules were examined based on the primary, secondary, and other relevant data sources. The research concludes that directors can effectively apply business judgment rules when they operate with integrity and prioritize the company's well-being, emphasizing the importance of maintaining good corporate governance standards.
IT IS BETTER TO BUY AT THE OFFICIAL STORE OR PREMIUM STORE AT E-COMMERCE Johan, Suwinto
Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Bisnis Vol 29, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gunadarma

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35760/eb.2024.v29i1.8885

Abstract

E-commerce is a highly popular method of buying items right now. One of the many well-known e-commerce sites where many individuals are vying to create their own businesses is Tokopedia. Large corporations operate independently, but they also create their own official storefronts to entice customers to buy products directly from them without going through middlemen and benefiting from the Tokopedia guarantee. In order to draw clients and receive a guarantee from Tokopedia, retailers other than official stores and stores that are operated independently can upgrade to premium shops by paying a monthly charge. Potential customers take this into account because not all the things they desire are available in the official store. This study examines whether sales, establishment, operating hours, rating, and the number of couriers would affect consumers' decisions to make purchases from official stores and premium retailers.
Does Terrorism Still Spread Fear to ASEAN’s Financial Market? Johan, Suwinto
JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies) Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): Journal of ASEAN Studies
Publisher : Centre for Business and Diplomatic Studies (CBDS) Bina Nusantara University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21512/jas.v12i1.7389

Abstract

The research aimed to examine the financial markets’ responses to terrorist attacks in Southeast Asia. Market reactions were a reflection of public sentiment. The market reaction was calculated using the stock index indicator and the currency exchange rate of the country relative to the US Dollar. The research employed a paired test to compare the period prior to and following the terrorist attack. The research used Wilcoxon Test to examine 38 terrorist attacks across four Southeast Asian nations: Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, and Malaysia. The research concludes that the stock index exhibits both normal and abnormal returns between pre-incident and post-incident periods. Post-incident returns are higher than pre-incident returns. Stockholders are not required to sell their existing holdings in response to a terrorist attack. Between pre-incident and post-incident investors who do not invest in the capital or money markets, the foreign exchange market does not exhibit significant changes. Investors can profit by purchasing stock or foreign currency on the day of the incident or one day afterwards and selling it three days later.
Capital Market Reaction to Several Announcements Related to COVID-19 Vaccine in LQ-45 Index Johan, Suwinto; Victoria, Erika
KINERJA Vol. 26 No. 2 (2022): KINERJA
Publisher : Faculty of Business and Economics Universitas Atma Jaya Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24002/kinerja.v26i2.5715

Abstract

COVID-19 has caused many losses to stock markets worldwide, including in Indonesia. All industrial sectors' stock prices have declined significantly from December 2019 to May 2020. Due to the pandemic, the COVID-19 vaccine brings hope and optimism to the country's economy, which will cause a reaction in the capital market. This study aims to test is there any market reaction to several cases related to the COVID-19 vaccine. Those events are: the government received the first dose Covid-19 vaccine, the government canceled the paid individual vaccination program, and COVID-19 vaccination has penetrated more than 100 million people. This study was measured by abnormal return and trading volume activity within two different periods, i.e., a day before (D-1) to a day after (t-1) and three days before (t-3) to three days after (t+3) of each event. This research was conducted on companies listed on LQ-45 that were determined using the purposive sampling technique and will be analyzed using a one-sample Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Paired sample t-test, and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. This study indicates a capital market reaction to all the cases related to the COVID-19 vaccine researched in this study, which causes changes in abnormal returns and a significant increase in volume after the announcement.
Efek Pandemi Covid-19 Pada Keberlanjutan Industri Penerbangan Dan Pekerja Suwinto Johan; Sarah Novalina Sipayung; Chesy Conysia Fitri Safa’at; Veronika Angel Siregar; Muslih Abdillah; Kezia Telambanua
Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) Vol 5, No 8 (2022): Volume 5 No 8 Agustus 2022
Publisher : Universitas Malahayati Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33024/jkpm.v5i8.6695

Abstract

ABSTRAK Pandemi Covid-19 telah mempengaruhi kehidupan manusia dan kegiatan bisnis di berbagai bidang. Industri penerbangan merupakan salah satu industri yang mengalami banyak hambatan karena pembatasan aktivitas sosial. Hambatan di industri penerbangan telah mempengaruhi kehidupan para pekerja di industri ini. Pemutusan hubungan kerja dan penurunan pendapatan telah mempengaruhi para pekerja di industri penerbangan, terutama pramugari. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk membagi pengalaman seorang pekerja yang menghadapi hambatan akibat pandemi Covid-19. Kegiatan ini mengundang salah satu pramugari senior untuk membagikan pengalamannya hidupnya dalam menghadapi pandemi Covid-19. Industri penerbangan mengalami tekanan yang sangat berat. Jumlah penerbangan berkurang secara drastis. Perusahaan penerbangan berusaha kembali dengan memasuki bisnis kargo point-selling new services seperti pengalaman merasakan penerbangan tanpa terbang. Karyawan industri penerbangan menempuh cara baru agar tetap beraktivitas. Ada yang meninjau kembali pekerjaan, dengan sekolah lagi. Ada yang mempergunakan media sosial atau digital dengan jadi brand ambassador dan content creator. Para pekerja tidak hanya diam saja dalam menghadapi pandemi ini tetapi mereka juga mencari jalan keluar lainnya. Kata Kunci: Industri Penerbangan, Keberlanjutan, Pandemi Covid-19 ABSTRACT The Covid-19 pandemic has affected human life and business activities in various fields. The aviation industry is one of the industries that face many obstacles due to restrictions on social activities. Barriers in the aviation industry have affected the lives of workers in this industry. Layoffs and declining incomes have affected workers in the airline industry, especially flight attendants. This activity aims to share the experience of a worker who faces obstacles due to the Covid-19 pandemic. This activity invited one of the senior flight attendants to share his life experience in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. The aviation industry is under tremendous pressure. The number of flights decreased drastically. Airline companies are trying to re-enter the cargo business of point-selling new services, such as the experience of experiencing flight without flying. Aviation industry employees are taking new ways to stay active. Some are revisiting their careers with school again. Some use social or digital media to become brand ambassadors and content creators. The workers are not only silent in the face of this pandemic but they are also looking for other solutions. Keywords: Airline; Pandemic Covid-19; Sustainibility
The Role of Foreign Loans in the Implementation of the Precautionary Principle Johan, Suwinto
Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Ekonomi Vol. 9 No. 2 (2024): Oktober
Publisher : Fakultas Ekonomika dan Bisnis, Universitas Kanjuruhan Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21067/jrpe.v9i2.9976

Abstract

Every country requires financing for its development from both domestic and foreign sources. Many countries take on foreign loans to offset their development financing deficits. However, these foreign loans carry a default risk, necessitating prudent management. This research was performed to evaluate the contributions and management of foreign loans based on the principle of prudence using a normative method. This research regarded primary data, secondary data, and other forms of data to arrive at conclusions. The results showed that foreign loans primarily serve to cover a country's development balance deficit and must be managed with caution. One practical measure is requiring recipients of foreign loans to have their debt independently rated by a rating agency. Moreover, the usage of foreign debt should be critically assessed to ensure it fosters economic growth, and authorities should avoid deploying these funds for consumer purposes.
Implementation of Working Agreement with Probationary Period in Financial Industry According to Labor Law Johan, Suwinto
SASI Volume 28 Issue 1, March 2022
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47268/sasi.v28i1.709

Abstract

Introduction: This study looks at how to implement a three-month probationary period for probationary employees.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to examine the working interaction between employees and employers in the financial industry during a employment agreement with a probationary period.Methods of the Research: This study employs a normative legal research approach.Results of the Research: The findings of this study show that a three-month probationary period is insufficient for evaluating a worker's performance. The extension of a probationary period for a worker is prohibited by law. Companies must look for new ways to appraise employee. Probationary periods are more suited to non-management positions than to managerial positions. For managerial level, the probationary term is more than three months. The level of directors is not regulated under labor laws. Labor law does not need to govern work agreements for workers at the managerial level. The parties' agreement can be regulated by the civil law.
THE EFFECT OF TOURIST LEVY IMPOSITION Johan, Suwinto
Jurnal Pariwisata Vol 12, No 1 (2025): Jurnal Pariwisata
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31294/par.v12i1.21791

Abstract

ABSTRACTBeginning in February 2024, Bali will introduce a tourist tax, a development that calls for an in-depth analysis of its introduction, impacts, rationale, and the utilization of its proceeds. ourism tax is a tax imposed on tourists who visit an area or country. This tax is a new type of tax. This research aims to assess the sosial and economics’ effects of the tourist tax and its application, utilizing a normative research approach. The findings indicate that while the imposition of a tourist tax is likely to be effective in established tourist areas, its effectiveness in newer tourist regions may not be as significant. New areas will have a smaller impact because the areas are new and many tourist visits are also new, so implementing taxes is easier. Moreover, the research highlights the necessity for explicit guidelines on the management and allocation of the tax revenue, emphasizing that it should predominantly benefit the enhancement of local tourism infrastructure and services, rather than being allocated to non-tourism-related expenditures. The government needs to issue regulations regarding the imposition of this tax and the allocation of the use of this tax. If the regulations are local government then regional government regulations are needed. The research further emphasizes the critical need for transparency and accountability in the processes of monitoring and reporting the tax collection and expenditure. It recommends that local regulations be developed or refined to specifically address these aspects, ensuring that the application of the tourist tax is conducted in a manner that is both transparent and accountable to the public and stakeholders involved. In general, the tax aspects are the taxpayer principle, the nationality principle, and the source of payment principleKeywords: Effect, Tourist Tax, Tourism, Supervision, Legal Basis ABSTRAKDimulai pada bulan Februari 2024, Bali akan memberlakukan pajak pariwisata, sebuah perkembangan yang memerlukan analisis mendalam tentang penerapannya, dampaknya, alasan, dan pemanfaatan hasilnya. Pajak pariwisata adalah pajak yang dikenakan kepada wisatawan yang berkunjung ke suatu daerah atau negara. Pajak ini merupakan jenis pajak baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak sosial dan ekonomi dari pajak pariwisata dan penerapannya, dengan menggunakan pendekatan penelitian normatif. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun pengenaan pajak pariwisata kemungkinan efektif di daerah wisata yang sudah mapan, efektivitasnya di daerah wisata yang lebih baru mungkin tidak begitu signifikan. Daerah baru akan memiliki dampak yang lebih kecil karena daerah tersebut baru dan banyak kunjungan wisatawan juga baru, sehingga penerapan pajak lebih mudah. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini menyoroti perlunya pedoman yang tegas tentang pengelolaan dan alokasi penerimaan pajak, dengan menekankan bahwa penerimaan pajak harus lebih banyak digunakan untuk peningkatan infrastruktur dan layanan pariwisata lokal, daripada dialokasikan untuk pengeluaran yang tidak terkait dengan pariwisata. Pemerintah perlu mengeluarkan peraturan mengenai pengenaan pajak ini dan alokasi penggunaan pajak ini. Jika peraturan tersebut adalah pemerintah daerah, maka diperlukan peraturan pemerintah daerah. Penelitian ini lebih lanjut menekankan perlunya transparansi dan akuntabilitas dalam proses pemantauan dan pelaporan pemungutan dan pengeluaran pajak. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan agar peraturan daerah dikembangkan atau disempurnakan untuk secara khusus menangani aspek-aspek ini, memastikan bahwa penerapan pajak pariwisata dilakukan dengan cara yang transparan dan akuntabel kepada publik dan pemangku kepentingan yang terlibat. Secara umum, aspek pajak adalah asas wajib pajak, asas kewarganegaraan, dan asas sumber pembayaran. Kata kunci: Dampak, Pajak Pariwisata, Pariwisata, Pengawasan, Dasar Hukum