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Issuance of Environmental Approvals Based on the Precautionary Principle: A Legal Study Nuril Firdausiah; Iwan Rachmad Soetijono; Galuh Puspaningrum
Rechtenstudent Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Rechtenstudent August 2025
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v6i2.362

On October 5 2020 the government and the people's representative council passed a new law, namely Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation which raises pros and cons. These changes are based on simplifying licensing. Which changes the nomenclature of environmental permits to environmental approval. Permits are clearly a state administration decision as regulated in Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration, whereas normative approval does not have an explicit meaning as a state administration decision. Furthermore, the change in norms is also accompanied by the elimination of the community's right to responsibility towards the government as the permit giver which was originally stipulated in Article 38 of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning environmental protection and management. Environmental permit violations that occur do not have any impact on the business permit. The government only provides punishment in the form of a warning to violators.

Legal Protection of Notary Employees As Instrumental Witnesses In The Making of Notary Deeds Hais Subaga Athazada; Nuzulia Kumala Sari; Iwan Rachmad Soetijono
Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities Vol. 6 No. 4 (2026): (JLPH) Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities
Publisher : Dinasti Research

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38035/jlph.v6i4.3315

The existence of notaries as public officials plays an important role in the drafting of authentic deeds, which function as perfect legal evidence in legal relationships within society. In the process of drafting authentic deeds, the presence of instrumental witnesses constitutes a formal requirement that must be fulfilled to maintain the authenticity of the deed. In notarial practice, instrumental witnesses are generally notary employees because they are considered to understand the procedures and technical aspects of deed Preparation. Problems arise when disputes concerning notary deeds occur, while legal protection for notary employees acting as instrumental witnesses have not been explicitly regulated under the Law on Notarial Office. This study aims to analyze the legal protection of notary employees acting as instrumental witnesses, the limits of their legal liability, and future legal arrangements regarding such protection. This research employs a normative legal method using statutory , conceptual , and case approaches. The results of the study indicates that the absence of explicit legal regulation concerning the protection of instrumental witnesses creates legal uncertainty in notarial practice. The legal responsibility of notary employees acting as instrumental witnesses is principally limited to formal aspects of deed execution rather than the substantive content of the deed. Therefore, a more comprehensive legal reform is necessary to provide legal certainty and protection for notary employees acting as instrumental witnesses.

Pengaruh Politik Dinasti di Kabupaten Probolinggo Terhadap Sistem Demokrasi Dalam Menjalankan Asas Keterbukaan: The Influence of Dynasty Politics in Probolinggo Regency on the Democracy System in Implementing the Principle of Openness Deni Ilhami; Al-Khanif Al-Khanif; Iwan Rachmad Soetijono
Constitution Journal Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Constitution Journal December 2025
Publisher : UIN Kiai Haji Ahmad Sidiq Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/constitution.v4i2.145

The phenomenon of political dynasties in Probolinggo Regency highlights serious challenges in implementing the principle of openness in local governance. This study aims to analyze the application of the openness principle within the practice of political dynasties and to identify its supporting and inhibiting factors. A socio-legal approach was employed using descriptive analysis of secondary legal materials and interviews with local stakeholders. The findings reveal that the deliberation and drafting of regional regulations, particularly concerning the regional budget (APBD), have not been fully conducted transparently. Several meetings that should have been open to the public were held behind closed doors, reducing accountability and public trust. Supporting factors include the availability of facilities, experts, and legislators’ attendance. Conversely, obstacles include limited understanding of openness among council members, ineffective communication, delays in budget submissions, and the dominance of family and party political interests. These findings indicate that political dynasties negatively affect local democracy and emphasize the need for stronger regulations and broader public participation to achieve transparent and accountable governance. Abstrak Fenomena politik dinasti di Kabupaten Probolinggo menunjukkan adanya persoalan serius dalam pelaksanaan asas keterbukaan pemerintahan daerah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi asas keterbukaan dalam praktik politik dinasti serta faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan yuridis sosiologis dengan analisis deskriptif terhadap bahan hukum sekunder serta data wawancara dengan pemangku kepentingan lokal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembahasan dan penyusunan Peraturan Daerah, khususnya terkait APBD, masih belum sepenuhnya dilakukan secara terbuka. Beberapa rapat yang seharusnya dapat diakses publik dilaksanakan secara tertutup, sehingga mengurangi transparansi dan akuntabilitas. Faktor pendukung implementasi asas keterbukaan adalah ketersediaan sarana prasarana, tenaga ahli, dan kehadiran anggota DPRD. Namun, hambatan yang muncul meliputi rendahnya pemahaman anggota dewan terhadap asas keterbukaan, komunikasi yang tidak efektif, keterlambatan penyampaian dokumen anggaran, serta dominasi kepentingan politik keluarga dan partai. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa praktik politik dinasti berimplikasi negatif terhadap demokrasi lokal dan perlu adanya penguatan regulasi serta partisipasi publik untuk mewujudkan pemerintahan daerah yang transparan dan akuntabel.

Issuance of Environmental Approvals Based on the Precautionary Principle: A Legal Study Nuril Firdausiah; Iwan Rachmad Soetijono; Galuh Puspaningrum
Rechtenstudent Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Rechtenstudent August 2025
Publisher : Sharia Faculty, Kiai Haji Achmad Siddiq State Islamic University of Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35719/rch.v6i2.362

On October 5 2020 the government and the people's representative council passed a new law, namely Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation which raises pros and cons. These changes are based on simplifying licensing. Which changes the nomenclature of environmental permits to environmental approval. Permits are clearly a state administration decision as regulated in Law Number 30 of 2014 concerning Government Administration, whereas normative approval does not have an explicit meaning as a state administration decision. Furthermore, the change in norms is also accompanied by the elimination of the community's right to responsibility towards the government as the permit giver which was originally stipulated in Article 38 of Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning environmental protection and management. Environmental permit violations that occur do not have any impact on the business permit. The government only provides punishment in the form of a warning to violators.

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