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All Journal Jurnal Pilar Jurnal Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Jurnal Studi Guru dan Pembelajaran Jurnal Algoritma, Logika dan Komputasi Edunomia : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Ekonomi Amnesty: Jurnal Riset Perpajakan Al-Ilmiya: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam RUMI
Ulil Amri
Universitas Muhammadiyah Makassar
Religion Computer Science & IT Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Engineering Social Sciences Other

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Studi Komparatif Hukum Islam Dan Hukum Positif Terhadap Praktik Utang Piutang Petani Padi Di Desa Bassiang Kecematan Ponrang Selatan Kabupten Luwu Riska Salim; Ulil Amri; Jasri
RUMI: Rumah Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): RUMI (Rumah Ilmiah Jurnal Multidisiplin) (Juni)
Publisher : RUMI: Rumah Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin

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Abstract

Sektor pertanian, khususnya budidaya padi, memiliki peran vital dalam perekonomian pedesaan Indonesia. Namun, keterbatasan akses petani terhadap lembaga pembiayaan formal memaksa mereka bergantung pada praktik utang piutang informal yang seringkali tidak adil. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis dan membandingkan praktik utang piutang petani padi di Desa Bassiang berdasarkan perspektif hukum Islam dan hukum positif Indonesia, serta untuk mengidentifikasi kesesuaian dan perbedaannya dalam konteks sosial ekonomi masyarakat desa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan sosiologi hukum Islam dan hukum positif. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan petani, tengkulak, serta aparat desa, dan dilengkapi dengan kajian pustaka terhadap peraturan perundangan dan literatur fiqh muamalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik utang piutang di Desa Bassiang umumnya dilakukan secara lisan dan berbasis kepercayaan, tanpa pencatatan hukum yang sah. Dalam perspektif hukum Islam, praktik ini sering mengandung unsur riba dan dzulm karena ketidakseimbangan posisi tawar dan syarat yang merugikan petani. Sedangkan menurut hukum positif, praktik tersebut lemah secara yuridis karena tidak memenuhi unsur formal perjanjian sebagaimana diatur dalam KUHPerdata. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa diperlukan integrasi nilai-nilai keadilan syariah dengan mekanisme perlindungan hukum positif melalui edukasi hukum dan penguatan kelembagaan lokal. Temuan ini berimplikasi pada perlunya regulasi desa berbasis syariah yang dapat melindungi petani dan menata sistem pembiayaan agraria yang berkeadilan.
Analisis Hukum Ekonomi Syariah pada Praktik Jual Beli Buah Mangga  (Studi Kasus di Desa Tino) Fajar Nur Darwis; Hasanuddin; Ulil Amri
RUMI: Rumah Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 3 (2026): RUMI (Rumah Ilmiah Jurnal Multidisiplin) (Juni)
Publisher : RUMI: Rumah Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the form of contract (akad), the transaction system, and the perspective of Islamic Economic Law on the practice of buying and selling mangoes in Tino Village, Tarowang District, Jeneponto Regency. This research employed a qualitative method with a case study design and a descriptive approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation involving farmers, buyers, collectors, and religious leaders as research informants. The data were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques, while data validity was ensured through credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability tests. The findings reveal that the buying and selling of mangoes in Tino Village applies the ijon (advance purchase) contract, in which the transaction is conducted while the mangoes are still on the tree and have not yet matured. Payment is made in advance based on an estimated harvest, while the delivery of the fruit takes place at harvest time. The transaction process includes tree inspection, price negotiation, verbal agreement (akad), cash payment, and harvesting by the buyer. From the perspective of Islamic Economic Law, the practice fulfills the basic elements of a sale contract, namely the existence of the seller, buyer, and agreement. However, it does not fully comply with the principles of transparency, justice, and khiyar (the right of option), since the object of the contract remains uncertain in terms of quantity and quality, and all potential risks are transferred to the buyer. Consequently, the transaction contains elements of gharar (uncertainty), making it inconsistent with the principles of Islamic Economic Law. Therefore, this study recommends implementing more appropriate Sharia-compliant contracts, such as the salam contract or other transaction mechanisms that provide greater certainty regarding the object of sale, thereby ensuring fairness, transparency, and mutual benefit for all parties.
Co-Authors A. Muh. Aidil Aenun Pratiwi Bakti, Rizki Yusliana Danuputri, Chyquitha Fajar Nur Darwis Fakhruddin Mansyur Fakhruddin Mansyur Hasanuddin Hasanuddin Hasanuddin Hurriah Ali Hasan Jasri, Jasri Mudeing Jais Muhammad Syafaat S. Kuba Muhyiddin A.M Hayat Mustamin, Siti Walidah Nurmi Nurmi Pantja Nurwahidin Rafiqa Hatharita Resky Amelya Putri S Riska Salim Roslinda Roslinda Saidin Mansyur Shokhrud Fayziev Siti Walidah Mustamin St Saleha Madjid St Salehah Madjid St. Salehah Madjid