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All Journal Medical Journal of Indonesia Jurnal Media Gizi Indonesia (MGI) The Indonesian Journal of Public Health The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Jurnal Health Sains JOURNAL LA MEDIHEALTICO Narra J Yuridika Asian Journal of Social and Humanities Folia Medica Indonesiana
Meity Ardiana
Departemen Kardiologi Dan Kedokteran Vaskuler Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Airlangga/RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Nursing Public Health Veterinary

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Journal : Narra J

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Effect of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exposure on ACE2 and interleukin 6 productions in human adipocytes: An in-vitro study Ardiana, Meity; Suryawan, I GR.; Hermawan, Hanestya O.; Harsono, Primasitha M.; Shafira, Aisya A.; Anandita, Faizal A.
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i3.284

Abstract

Since adipocytes play a crucial role in pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) infection due to their interaction with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), obesity is associated with an increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality. Discovery of ACE2 as a SARS-CoV-2 receptor raises a controversy about whether to use ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) could be an optional therapy to prevent cytokine storms. Studies assessing the expressions of ACE2 and IL-6 upon exposure to SARS‑CoV‑2 is therefore important as a basis for therapeutical trials in the future. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein exposure on the production of ACE2 and IL-6 in adipocyte cells. Adipocytes were collected from abdominal adipose tissues of healthy and obese 45-year-old male donor having neither a history of SARS‑CoV‑2 infection nor COVID-19 vaccination. After being stained using the oil red O protocol, the viable adipocytes were then exposed to S1 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The levels of ACE2 and IL-6 were then examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed significant increase of ACE2 (90.22 µg/mL) and IL-6 level (60.01 µg/mL) in human adipocytes upon exposure compared to unexposed control cells (ACE2 13.33 µg/mL; IL-6 21.33 µg/mL), both comparisons had p<0.001). This study provides insight into the basic mechanism of severe COVID-19 symptoms in obese patients and provides a basic information of the potential of ACE inhibitors as an optional therapy for COVID-19 patients with obesity.
Perindopril decreases angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression in human adipocytes exposed to SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein Harsoyo, Primasitha M.; Ardiana, Meity; Hermawan, Hanestya O.; Purnamasari, Yeni; Anandita, Faizal A.
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i2.746

Abstract

The expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the adipose tissues of obese patients needs further study, as it may aid infection and serve as a viral reservoir. There has been controversy over whether to use ACE inhibitors to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity. Perindopril, an ACE2 inhibitor, has been proposed; however, its relationship with COVID-19 has not yet been clear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of perindopril to reduce the expression of ACE2 and pro-inflammatory cytokine in adipocytes exposed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Enzymatic isolation of adipose tissues was performed from obese male donor patients aged 30–50 years, then exposed it with SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein. This study also included human recombinant ACE2 (hrsACE2) as a comparison to perindopril. The expression of ACE2 was evaluated using ELISA. Our data indicated that SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein exposure increased ACE2 expression significantly. Administration of perindopril decreased ACE2 expression (43.37 µg/mL) significantly compared to the positive group (80.31 µg/mL) (p<0.001). Perindopril administration also decreased IL-6 levels significantly compared to positive group(p<0.001).  This study highlights that perindopril could reduce the ACE2 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in adipocytes exposed to SARS-CoV-2 S1 spike protein.
Co-Authors , ANDRIANTO Adriano Anandita, Faizal A. Andrianto Anna Surgean Veterini Annis Catur Adi Ardina Maharani, Putri Enny Susanti Hanestya Oky Hermawan Hanestya Oky Hermawan Hanestya Oky Hermawan, Hanestya Oky Hanindita, Meta Herdiana Harits, Muhammad Harsono, Primasitha M. Harsoyo, Primasitha M. Heni Rachmawati Hermawan, Hanestya O. Indriati, Ataillah Azizah Karman, Ula Nur Pramesti Kurniadi Doni Linda Dewanti Muhammad Rafli Nirwana, Wira Nur Aisiyah Widjaja, Nur Aisiyah Primasitha Maharany Harsoyo Putri Ardina Maharani Putri, Primasitha Maharani Harsoyo Rahma, Safira Ratri, Anudya Kartika Rendi Aji Prihaningtyas Roedi Irawan Shafira, Aisya A. Sony Wibisono Suryawan, I Gde Rurus Suryawan, I GR. Ula Nur Pramesti Karman Yeni Purnamasari, Yeni Yulianto Yulianto Ziddan, Hamka