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Journal : journal of green science and technology

Enhancing Hard Anodization ff Aluminum 1100 using Variated Concentration and Aeration in 20% Sulfuric and Phosphoric Acid Electrolytes Leoanggraini, Unung; Yusuf, Yusmardhany; Nugraha, Ganjar; Samuel, Samuel; Sarip, Fahmi Haddad; Trirahayu, Dhyna Analyes; Sihombing, Rony
Journal of Green Science and Technology Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Journal of Green Science and Technology Vol.8 No.2 September 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/jgst.v8i2.9424

Abstract

Aluminum is widely used in manufacturing, especially in automotive and aerospace, due to its light weight and easy form, although it is worn. The purpose of this research is to get the highest layer formation efficiency. During the application, hard anodizing creates a new layer in the form of a anatural protective layer on the metal surface. In hard anodized aluminum, the specimen sanded, degreasing with base, and acid neutralization. Then, hard anodizing is performed by connecting the workpiece to the positive pole and the cathode to the negative pole with a current density of 3A/dm² for 30 minutes in an electrolyte solution at a temperature of 5°C. The variations used are the mixture composition between sulfuric acid (concentration 15% - 20%) and low concentration phosphoric acid (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%) which are differentiated into aerated and non-aerated systems. Then weigh the anodized work piece to determine the weight gain of the metal due to the formed layer. The weight of the obtained layer is used to determine the efficiency of the formation of oxide layer.  The best layer formation efficiency is found in the sulfuric acid - phosphoric acid concentration variation (15% - 1%) in the aerated system at 73.47%. While the non aerated system at 73.28%. The aerated condition shows superior results compared to the non-aerated system, yielding better efficiency values than the non-aerated system.  Keywords: Aluminum 1100, Hard Anodizing, Mechanical Properties, Aeration, Electrolyte
Design Of a Feeding System with a Capacity Of 3 Tons/Hour at the Npk Plant to Improve Feeding Efficiency and Automation Tsuroyyaa, Zakiyyah; Christianti, Christianti; Trirahayu, Dhyna Analyes; Chamidy, Harita Nurwahyu
Journal of Green Science and Technology Vol 9 No 3 (2025): Journal of Green Science and Technology Vol. 9 No. 3 December 2025 Special Editio
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Swadaya Gunung Jati

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33603/jgst.v9i3.10549

Abstract

An NPK plant is a facility that produces NPK fertilizer through a manufacturing process specifically designed to create fertilizer with a special formulation. However, in the production process, the feeding of raw materials is still done manually, resulting in low productivity and high operational costs. Based on production performance tests conducted on September 15, 2024, the manual system only achieved an average of 1.34 tons/hour, or 47% of the production target of 3 tons/hour. Therefore, a transportation system is needed to transport the materials, given the limitations of human labor capacity in terms of material handling and employee safety. This study aims to design an automatic feeding system to maximize production capacity up to 3 tons per hour. The system design begins with analyzing losses due to low productivity of the manual system, analyzing factory requirements, designing the main components of the feeding system, such as the hopper, weigher, and conveyor belt, equipped with an on-off control-based system to ensure consistent raw material flow. Technical design was carried out through visualization using AutoCAD and Visio software, solid flow simulation using Altair EDEM software, and economic feasibility analysis by calculating the Return on Investment (ROI) and Payback Period (POT). The calculation results show that this feeding system has a ROI of 40.8% and a POT of 2.05 years, indicating that the designed system is economically viable for implementation.