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Journal : JURNAL AGRICA

Integrasi Pasar Berjangka Komoditi Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Indonesia Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Octaviana Helbawanti; Cici Aulia Permata Bunda; Faqihuddin Faqihuddin
JURNAL AGRICA Vol 15, No 1 (2022): JURNAL AGRICA
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/agrica.v15i1.5401

Abstract

Perdagangan komoditas Crude Palm Oil (CPO) dilakukan di dalam negeri dan diekspor, sehingga perkembangan harga yang terbentuk merupakan harga perdagangan domestik di pasar spot dan di tingkat pasar internasional. Fluktuasi harga pada komoditas CPO dapat meningkatkan risiko ketidakpastian perdagangan di pasar spot dan pasar derivatif. Ketidakpastian harga merupakan dampak dari ketidakmampuan suatu pasar dalam mengikuti perkembangan harga di pasar yang lain. Penelitian terhadap harga CPO di pasar derivatif  dan pasar spot bertujuan menganalisis kointegrasi pasar dan hubungan kausalitas. Metode analisis yang digunakan yaitu Johansen Cointegration Test dan  Granger Causality Test. Hasil analisis uji Johansen Cointegration menunjukkan pasar derivatif dan pasar spot komoditi Crude Palm Oil (CPO) tidak terkointegrasi jangka panjang. Pasar CPO Indonesia belum dapat menjadi pasar acuan internasional karena transaksi derivatif dan literasi masih rendah. Pasar spot yang tidak dapat mengikuti pergerakan pasar derivatif disebabkan gejolak harga akibat ketidakpastian di masa pandemi Covid-19 berupa pembatasan aktivitas perdagangan global. Kausalitas satu arah hasil analisis menggunakan Granger Causality yaitu pasar derivatif mempengaruhi pasar spot, sehingga perubahan atau shock di pasar derivatif dapat memberikan dampak ke pasar spot. Pasar derivatif di tingkat global yang mengacu di Rotterdam berperan sebagai leader market dengan fungsi price discovery, sedangkan pasar spot Indonesia merupakan market follower. Permintaan CPO di pasar Eropa yang tinggi untuk biofuel, sehingga terdapat peraturan penggunaan CPO turut memberikat pengaruh pasar spot di Indonesia. Pasar derivatif dapat menyediakan informasi harga yang akan datang, sehingga dapat meminimalisir ketidakpastian perubahan harga
Integrasi Pasar Berjangka Komoditi Crude Palm Oil (CPO) Indonesia Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Octaviana Helbawanti; Cici Aulia Permata Bunda; Faqihuddin Faqihuddin
JURNAL AGRICA Vol. 15 No. 1 (2022): JURNAL AGRICA
Publisher : Universitas Medan Area

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31289/agrica.v15i1.5401

Abstract

Crude Palm Oil (CPO) commodity trading has been carried out domestically and exported, so that theprice developments formed are domestic trading prices in the spot market and global prices ininternational market level. Price fluctuations in CPO agriculture increased the risk of trade causinguncertainty in the spot market and derivatives market. Price uncertainty was the impact of theinability of a market to follow the price changes in other markets. Research on CPO prices in thederivatives market and spot market was aimed to analyze market cointegration and causality.Johansen Cointegration Test and the Granger Causality Test were applied to this research. TheJohansen Cointegration test results explained that the derivatives market and the spot market ofCrude Palm Oil (CPO) were not long-term cointegrated. The Indonesian CPO market has not been ableto become an international reference market due to derivative transactions and lack of literacy. Thespot market that was unable to follow the movements of the derivatives market might be caused byprice fluctuations due to uncertainty during the Covid-19 pandemic with social restrictions on globaltrade activities. There was one-way causality from the analysis using Granger Causality. The causality test depicted the derivatives market affected the spot market, so that changes or shocks in thederivatives market could be transmited into spot market. The derivatives market at the global levelheading to Rotterdam as a market leader showed price discovery function, while the Indonesian spotmarket became market follower. The demand of CPO in the European market was high for biofuelsand many industral purposes and there were regulations on the use of CPO which have contributedto the influence of the spot market in Indonesia. The derivative market provided future priceinformation intended minimize the uncertainty of price changes.