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KERAGAMAN GENETIK POPULASI E. oleifera DAN POPULASI E. guineensis x E. oleifera PADA KOLEKSI PLASMA NUTFAH PPKS Rokhana Faizah; Sri Wening; Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 1 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

The oil palm species of Elaeis oleifera have some superior characters not possessed by E. guineensis species. The cross between E. oleifera x E. guineensis (E. o x E. g.) Is carried out to insert the superior character of E. oleifera into the E. guineensis species and to obtain individuals who possess a superior characteristic blend of both species. This study aims to determine the genetic diversity within and between populations of E. oleifera, as well as relationships between E. oleifera, E. guineensis and its interspecific hybrids. A total of 8 germplasm populations used were E. oleifera originating from Suriname and Brazil, E. guineensis population of Dura Deli and SP540T, and interspecific crosses of hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia, hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera which is presumably from Colombia, as well as hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Brazil. A total of sixteen Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers were used to analyze 92 individuals from 8 populations. PCoA results show that 8 Elaeis populations cluster in each group. The hybrid population of E. guineensis x E. oleifera suspected of Colombia has a very close kinship relationship with hybrid E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia and clumped in the same quadrant. This suggests that the hybrid is indeed a hybrid of E. guineensis x E. oleifera from Colombia. The population of E. oleifera from Suriname showed the lowest genetic diversity, with the number of different alleles, specific alleles, heterozygosity values, and the percentages of polymorphic loci sequentially were 1.37, 0.18, 0.09, and 37.50%. While the population of interspecific interspecific crossbreeds of the E. oleifera species showed the highest genetic diversity with values of 3.81, 0.43, 0.62 and 100%.

DUGAAN GEJALA DEPRESI SILANG-DALAM DAN TINGKAT HOMOZIGOSITAS POPULASI KELAPA SAWIT HASIL PENYERBUKAN SENDIRI GENERASI KE-4 SP540T DAN GENERASI KE-5 DURA DELI Rokhana Faizah; Sri Wening; Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Inbreeding is a common method used to reproduce candidate mother plant from selected parental lines for commercial seeds in Reciprocal Recurrent Selection (RRS) oil palm breeding program. However this practice may increased homozigosity level of selected population. This study concerned the level of homozygosity of SP540T fourth generations and Dura Deli Dolok Sinumbah fifth generations (3 crosses respectively) and their correlation with inbreeding depression symptoms. Polymerase Chain Reaction-Simple Sequence Repeat (PCR-SSR) with 16 markers developed for oil palm was used to analyze 327 samples. The result shows that the levels of homozigosity of SP540T fourth selfing generation were ranged between 0.44-0.84 or 0.61 in average. While the levels of homozygosity of Dura Deli fifth selfing generations were ranged between 0.60-0.93 or 0.78 in average. The homozygosity level in Dura Deli was 1.27% higher than SP540T populations. Correlation analysis showed that the higher the level of homozygosity, the higher of the inbreeding symptoms 2 observed (R =0.95).

KADAR DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA MINYAK PADA BAGIAN-BAGIAN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DARI DELAPAN VARIETAS PPKS Sujadi Sujadi; Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan; Meta Rivani; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Fresh fruit bunches (FFB) consist of fruit be composed grade in few spikelet. Fruit at a spikelet can be distinguished into performed fruit namely internal fruit, middle fruit and outer fruit as soon as each section contain parthenocarpy fruits. This research was conducted for determine composition and content fatty acid of oil at internal fruit, middle, outer and parthenocarpy fruit from oil palm fruit. Samples of fruit came from 3 – 5 spikelet the central of FFB. Result showed that oil content of outer fruit (46.9 + 9.9)% trend higher be compared middle fruit (42.8 + 10.3)% and internal fruit (39.1 + 9.5)%. Parthenocarpy fruits have a low oil content (14.2 + 16.2)% except yellowish fruit trend high relatively oil content. The main components of fatty acid at outer fruit, middle and internal are palmitic acid, oleic, linoleic and stearic with mean value respectively (44.8 – 45.8)%, (37.6 – 38.0)%, (9.9 – 10.9)% and (4.6 – 4.8)%. Oil content at parthenocarpy fruit have amount main component of fatty acid with performed fruit but composition of palmitic acid (40.0 + 5.9)% and oleic (34.6 + 8.4)% lower while linoleic acid (16.9 + 8.5)% and linolenic (1.6 + 1.8)% higher be compared to performed fruit. Simalungun variety has the highest oil content in the part of fruit, with that PPKS 540 and La Mé respectively. PPKS 540 variety has the highest oleic acid content while PPKS 718 has the highest linoleic content.

PERAN NAA, GA3, KARBON AKTIF, DAN SUKROSA DALAM KULTUR EMBRIO ZIGOTIK KLON OG HYBRID (Elaeis guineensis JACQ. X Elaeis oleifera) OPEN POLLINATED Ernayunita Ernayunita; Hernawan Yuli Rahmadi; Iman Yani Harahap; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Oil palm OG hybrid genetic potentials are high in term of vegetative and generative traits, such as: low height increment, compact palm, high free fatty acid and high carotenes. However, OG hybrid reproduction is hindered due to its low germination rate. So, alternative method for germination is needed, which is in vitro embryo zygotic culture. This study objective was to reveal the best medium composition for OG hybrid embryo culture by modificated several oil palm basic medium from oil palm tissue culture protocol and to understand the role of plant growth regulators, activated charcoal, and sucrose on in vitro growth and development of OG hybrid embryo. The design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 16 replication and 4 embryos for each replicates, while the treatments were: A1 = M129 (control); A2 = M129 + activated charcoal; A3 = M129+ activated charcoal + sucrose; A4 = ½ M129 + activated charcoal + sucrose; A5 = M129 + GA3 ; and A6 = M129 + GA3 + NAA. From the study we found that the best medium for OG hybrid open pollinated clone's embryo culture was M129 with GA3 and NAA (A6). This medium gave percentage of in vitro germination up to 14.06%, and later on the plantlets from this medium gave the best vegetative growth performance such as high number of leaves and primer roots.

KARAKTERISASI GEN β KETOACYL-ACP SYNTHASE II (KAS II) PADA Elaeis guineensis, Elaeis oleifera, DAN HIBRIDA INTERSPESIFIK Heri Adriwan Siregar; Sri Wening; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is currently the highest edible oil-producing plant in the world. E. oleifera is another species of oil palm that is not widely cultivated due to lower productivity. Oil extracted from E. guineensis has a balance ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids level, while E. oleifera has a higher unsaturated fatty acids. Long chain saturated fatty acids are more harmful for human health than unsaturated fatty acids. Gene encoding β-ketoacyl ACP synthase II (KAS II, EC 2.3.1.179) was studied, as this enzyme is responsible for biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids. Observation and analysis were conducted for KAS II gene and fatty acids content of E. guineensis represented by DxP Lame, DxP Langkat and CMR78 samples, E. oleifera represented by Suriname origin, and two hybrids (E. guineensis x E. oleifera (Brazil and Suriname)). The results showed E. oleifera Suriname had the highest concentration of oleic acid, followed by E. guineensis (CMR78). KAS II gene sequences alignment showed some genetic variation within E. guineensis and hybrids, while the high level of variation found between E. guineensis and E. oleifera was considered caused by species difference.

RAGAM GENETIK KANDUNGAN ASAM LEMAK, BILANGAN IODINE DAN BETA KAROTEN 24 AKSESI PLASMA NUTFAH KAMERUN KOLEKSI PUSAT PENELITIAN KELAPA SAWIT Sujadi Sujadi; Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan; Abdul Razak Purba; Mahmud Irvan Lubis
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 25 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Twenty four Cameroon accessions have been planted in Adolina oil palm seed garden area in 2010 and have been analyzed their fatty acid, iodine value and beta carotene contents to reveal their genetic variability. Analysis of variance results for fatty acid, iodine value and beta carotene content characters show that there are significant differences for palmitat, stearat, oleat, linoleat acid, iodine value and beta carotene content. Fatty acid content, iodine value and beta carotene content showed medium to high broad sense variability which verify that there is a high genetic impact of these characters. Ten Cameroon accessions with beta carotene content more than 1.000 ppm have been identified and can be used as future breeding material for IOPRI in gaining new varieties with beta carotene content more than 1.000 ppm. In addition there is one accession showed iodine value more than 57.1 Wijs which has a potential used as crossing material in obtaining new superior varieties which have high iodine values. In outline there are negative correlation( in one side) between palmitat acid with stearat, oleat acid and iodine value in other side.

KEMURNIAN KETURUNAN MENGGUNAKAN MARKA SSR SEBAGAI SISTEM KONTROL DAN SELEKSI DINI KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis JACQ.) Rokhana Faizah; Sri Wening; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 25 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Information of legitimacy of oil palm progenies is important to guaranty the quality and to control commercial seeds procedures. A true and legitimate cross will produce progeny which has a combination of their parent's allele. The information could be obtained early in the nursery stage through DNA fingerprinting analysis. Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) is one of DNA markers used for DNA fingerprinting, since the marker system has advantages to acquire information of allele per individual in population and efficiency diverse allele of progeny and their parents. The aim of the research is to obtain legitimacy of 12 progenies analyzing in the oil palm nursery stage. Thirteen SSR markers were used to analyze 12 crossings number of oil palm. The genotypes data by alleles of SSR inferred and quantified using Gene Marker® Software version 2.4.0 Soft Genetics® LLC and analyzed based on Mendel's Law of Segregation. The result showed based on heredity pattern of progeny and their parent's allele that progenies H were indicated genetically derived from their known parents while progenies from A and G indicated as illegitimate crossing. Probability value for legitimacy of progenies of 9 other crosses has 0.031 and 0.5. Legitimacy analysis of progeny using SSR markers could be used to control the quality of crossing material and earlier selection in the oil palm nursery.

Studi Asosiasi Genom (GWAS) Komponen Tandan Populasi Interspesifik Elaeis oleifera dan Elaeis guineensis Heri Adriwan Siregar; Edy Suprianto; Sujadi Sujadi; Hernawan Y Rahmadi; Mohamad Arif; Retno Diah Setiowati; Nanang Supena; Rokhana Faizah; Sri Wening; Yurna Yenni; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.144

The oil palm breeding program for the species Elaeis guineensis and the backcross Elaeis oleifera is running slowly because oil palm is an annual plant. Therefore, it is necessary to have an alternative approach that can accelerate the oil palm breeding program. The SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) genome-wide approach was then used to study the association between 18 phenotypes of bunch component in oil palm germplasm of E. oleifera from Suriname and Brazil Coari, some interspecific hybrids and some elite progeny of E. guineensis. The genotyping by sequencing (GBS) analysis produced a total of 459 million or approximately 798 thousand reads per sample and 3,252 SNPs were eligible for 456 genotypes. Using various association models, eleven normalized phenotypic data showed significant associations with 29 SNPs. Based on the annotations, 17 SNPs were related to genes wtih certain biological functions. Three SNPs were found to be at the exon of a gene, namely SNP4416, SNP349 and SNP3865, while the other 15 SNPs were at the intragenic to a gene. Four SNPs are common SNPs in phenotypes C16:0 and C18:1 as weel as in C20 0 and C20:1. This research shows the potential of SNPs that can be used as an alternative approach to E. oleifera backcross breeding, although further research is needed for validation purposes.

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