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KADAR DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA MINYAK PADA BAGIAN-BAGIAN BUAH KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DARI DELAPAN VARIETAS PPKS Sujadi Sujadi; Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan; Meta Rivani; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 2 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Fresh fruit bunches (FFB) consist of fruit be composed grade in few spikelet. Fruit at a spikelet can be distinguished into performed fruit namely internal fruit, middle fruit and outer fruit as soon as each section contain parthenocarpy fruits. This research was conducted for determine composition and content fatty acid of oil at internal fruit, middle, outer and parthenocarpy fruit from oil palm fruit. Samples of fruit came from 3 – 5 spikelet the central of FFB. Result showed that oil content of outer fruit (46.9 + 9.9)% trend higher be compared middle fruit (42.8 + 10.3)% and internal fruit (39.1 + 9.5)%. Parthenocarpy fruits have a low oil content (14.2 + 16.2)% except yellowish fruit trend high relatively oil content. The main components of fatty acid at outer fruit, middle and internal are palmitic acid, oleic, linoleic and stearic with mean value respectively (44.8 – 45.8)%, (37.6 – 38.0)%, (9.9 – 10.9)% and (4.6 – 4.8)%. Oil content at parthenocarpy fruit have amount main component of fatty acid with performed fruit but composition of palmitic acid (40.0 + 5.9)% and oleic (34.6 + 8.4)% lower while linoleic acid (16.9 + 8.5)% and linolenic (1.6 + 1.8)% higher be compared to performed fruit. Simalungun variety has the highest oil content in the part of fruit, with that PPKS 540 and La Mé respectively. PPKS 540 variety has the highest oleic acid content while PPKS 718 has the highest linoleic content.

KETELUSURAN GENETIK KETURUNAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) MENGGUNAKAN SIMPLE SEQUENCE REPEAT (SSR) Rokhana Faizah; Sri Wening; Yurna Yenni; Sujadi Sujadi
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 24 No 3 (2016): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Progenies traceability status becomes an important activity in the oil palm breeding program, especially to obtain propriety of individual and progenies population with their parents. This study is concerned to analyze genetic traceability based on pattern and allele size of their parent using Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) markers. There were 90 palms from 7 progenies populations in the AD02S, AD03S Adolina and MA22S Marihat Estate PT. Perkebunan Nusantara IV used in this research. Leaf and pollen samples were used to get genomic DNA. Then, DNA genomic was amplified using multiplexing method of 8 SSR markers and fluorescence labels of 6-FAM, HEX, and NED. Fragment analysis and extracted genotype data was obtained using Gene Marker® versi 2.4.0 Soft Genetics® LLC program. Genetic traceability analysis was based on alelle segregation pattern of Mendelian Law. The results described inappropriate alleles 4 individuals from 3 progenies (N, P, and S). Those individuals were palmrow of 22-30 in the AD02S; 29-27 in the MA22S; 9-22 and 9-28 in the AD02S. Other 4 progenies showed an appropriate segregation of genotype with their parents, which are crosses number of M, Q, R, and O.

RAGAM GENETIK KANDUNGAN ASAM LEMAK, BILANGAN IODINE DAN BETA KAROTEN 24 AKSESI PLASMA NUTFAH KAMERUN KOLEKSI PUSAT PENELITIAN KELAPA SAWIT Sujadi Sujadi; Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan; Abdul Razak Purba; Mahmud Irvan Lubis
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 25 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Twenty four Cameroon accessions have been planted in Adolina oil palm seed garden area in 2010 and have been analyzed their fatty acid, iodine value and beta carotene contents to reveal their genetic variability. Analysis of variance results for fatty acid, iodine value and beta carotene content characters show that there are significant differences for palmitat, stearat, oleat, linoleat acid, iodine value and beta carotene content. Fatty acid content, iodine value and beta carotene content showed medium to high broad sense variability which verify that there is a high genetic impact of these characters. Ten Cameroon accessions with beta carotene content more than 1.000 ppm have been identified and can be used as future breeding material for IOPRI in gaining new varieties with beta carotene content more than 1.000 ppm. In addition there is one accession showed iodine value more than 57.1 Wijs which has a potential used as crossing material in obtaining new superior varieties which have high iodine values. In outline there are negative correlation( in one side) between palmitat acid with stearat, oleat acid and iodine value in other side.

KARAKTERISASI MINYAK SELAMA PEMATANGAN BUAH PADA TANAMAN KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) VARIETAS DxP SIMALUNGUN Sujadi Sujadi; Hasrul Abdi Hasibuan; Meta Rivani
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 25 No 2 (2017): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

This research was conducted to study the changing levels of oil, kernel and water on the palm fruits, palm kernel oil content on the kernel, and chlorophyll, carotene and tocols (tocopherols & tocotrienols) content on oil from oil palm plants D × P Simalungun during ripening fruits for 0 to 24 weeks after reseptic (WAR). Fruits fertilized at 0 WAR containing 81% water, 0.5% oil and not containing the kernel. Water levels declined during ripening of fruits and at 20 – 24 WAR by 27 – 36%. Levels of oil rised during ripening fruits and increased rapidly after 17 WAR, maximum oil content (51.6%) was obtained at 22 WAR, which was the optimum time for harvesting the fruits. Kernel had not formed until 4 WAR and formed in 5 WAR (0.1%), the increase occurred in the 14 – 24 WAR by 4 – 5%. Changes in fatty acid shown by the total unsaturated fatty acids (polyunsaturated) decreased, while total saturated fatty acids increased. Changes in the main fatty acids were palmitic (C16:0), linoleic (C18:2), oleic (C18:1), linolenic acid (C18:3) and stearic (C18:0). Changes in fatty acids also cause changed of iodine value. Carotene had been established at 0 WAR (73 ppm) and then continue rised to 12 MSR reach 1,301 ppm and decreased during fruit ripening at 20 – 24 WAR (703 – 598 ppm). Tocols levels continue rised and a drastic improvement occurred at 20 WAR (700.3 ppm from 353 ppm at 19 WAR). Chlorophyll content increased at 0 – 16 WAR (1.7 to 20.9 ppm), and then decreased at 22 – 24 WAR (1.1 to 2.1 ppm). Palm kernel oil content in the kernel at 7 WAR amounted to 56.2% and increased to 15 WAR (56.2 to 68.7%) but decreased at 20 – 24 WAR (54.0 to 59.9%).

KARAKTERISTIK PERKEMBANGAN BUNGA DAN BUAH 35 AKSESI ANGOLA KOLEKSI PUSAT PENELITIAN KELAPA SAWIT DI KEBUN ADOLINA PT PERKEBUNAN NUSANTARA IV Sujadi Sujadi; Nanang Supena; Edy Suprianto
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 27 No 2 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Information of oil palm flower and fruit development is very important in the observation plant morphology. This observation was carried out to complete information on vegetative and generative developments which are very useful for oil palm breeding. The success of plant breeding is measured from new varieties with specific advantages. This research used collections of Angola germplasm exploration which were planted in December 2012 at Adolina Estate of PT Perkebunan Nusantara IV. A total of 35 accessions were planted with RCBD designs in 2 trials. Vegetative observation per tree was carried out every year, since the plants were 2 years old. Observation of flower development is done by selecting 2 sample trees per accession by purposive sampling. A total of 70 trees were observed for flower development to become fruit every 10 days for each frond. Data on flower development were grouped by BBCH (Biologische Bundesantalt Bundessortenamt und Chemische Industrie) scale. In addition to the morphological and flower developmental stages, this study also calculated the age between developmental phases from the appearance of one leaf to the mature harvesting bunches in all midrib and tree samples. The results showed that generative development of the 35 Angolan accessions can be arranged according to the BBCH scale, beginning with the appearance of the first leaf, the appearance of the flower, female / male flowers blooming (receptic / anthesis), bunches formation to mature ripe bunches. AGO038 accession only requires 385 days (12.8 months), calculated from the time the first leaf appears to the mature ripe bunches, but AGO049 produces faster harvested ripe bunches when calculated from receptive female flowers of 144 days (4.8 months).

EVALUASI KARAKTER KOMPAK HASIL PENGUJIAN KETURUNAN SIKLUS KETIGA PROGRAM PEMULIAAN KELAPA SAWIT PUSAT PENELITIAN KELAPA SAWIT Ikhwan Fadli Pangaribuan; Yurna Yenni; Sujadi Sujadi; Edy Suprianto
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 27 No 3 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

One of the secondary characters desired by oil palm planters is compact palm. Compact characters are characterized by slow height increment rate and short rachis length. Both characters are able to extend the economic life of oil palm and increase palm productivity. This paper will discuss the results of the evaluation of compact characters in several crosses of the third cycle progeny test of RRS (Reciprocal Recurrent Selection) program. The field trial was carried out on 21 crosses planted in 2008 at Dolok Sinumbah Estate. The observations showed that cross no. BJ62/05 and BJ05/05 have the potential to produce compact palm with the slowest height increment rates, the shortest rachis, and low LAI values. With these characters, these crosses can be planted at higher planting densities. Parents no. BJ5633D and 93-133-4T also have the potential to produce offspring with compact characters.

Studi Asosiasi Genom (GWAS) Komponen Tandan Populasi Interspesifik Elaeis oleifera dan Elaeis guineensis Heri Adriwan Siregar; Edy Suprianto; Sujadi Sujadi; Hernawan Y Rahmadi; Mohamad Arif; Retno Diah Setiowati; Nanang Supena; Rokhana Faizah; Sri Wening; Yurna Yenni; Abdul Razak Purba
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Peneltian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i2.144

The oil palm breeding program for the species Elaeis guineensis and the backcross Elaeis oleifera is running slowly because oil palm is an annual plant. Therefore, it is necessary to have an alternative approach that can accelerate the oil palm breeding program. The SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) genome-wide approach was then used to study the association between 18 phenotypes of bunch component in oil palm germplasm of E. oleifera from Suriname and Brazil Coari, some interspecific hybrids and some elite progeny of E. guineensis. The genotyping by sequencing (GBS) analysis produced a total of 459 million or approximately 798 thousand reads per sample and 3,252 SNPs were eligible for 456 genotypes. Using various association models, eleven normalized phenotypic data showed significant associations with 29 SNPs. Based on the annotations, 17 SNPs were related to genes wtih certain biological functions. Three SNPs were found to be at the exon of a gene, namely SNP4416, SNP349 and SNP3865, while the other 15 SNPs were at the intragenic to a gene. Four SNPs are common SNPs in phenotypes C16:0 and C18:1 as weel as in C20 0 and C20:1. This research shows the potential of SNPs that can be used as an alternative approach to E. oleifera backcross breeding, although further research is needed for validation purposes.

Studi pendahuluan kandungan Vitamin E pada varietas kelapa sawit PPKS Retno Diah Setiowati; Yurna Yenni; Frisda Rimbun Panjaitan; Sujadi Sujadi; Mahmud Irfan Lubis; Ernayunita Ernayunita
Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit Vol 29 No 3 (2021): Jurnal Penelitian Kelapa Sawit
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Kelapa Sawit

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iopri.jur.jpks.v29i3.153

An oil palm variety with high vitamin E has an added value because of its benefit as pharmaceutical and nutraceutical source. The measurement of the vitamin E content in CPO from eight varieties of oil palm is an effort to obtain high vitamin E varieties with the optimum oil yield. The varieties used in this experiment were DxP PPKS 718, DxP PPKS 239, DxP PPKS 540, DxP Yangambi, DxP Lame, DxP Avros, DxP Simalungun, and DxP Langkat, which were planted in a demonstration block, located at Kebun Adolina PTPN IV. The result showed that the average of the vitamin E from 8 varieties ranged from 477.36 ppm up to 582.78 ppm. The DxP Yangambi has the potency to be improved as the candidate of DxP variety with high vitamin E added value due to its highest vitamin E content. On the other hand, the DxP PPKS 540 is appropriate as candidate of ortets for high vitamin E clones regarding the vitamin E content; which is the highest over the whole samples

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