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Prayogi Prayogi
Pusat Kajian dan Pengembangan Laut Tropis, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang
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EFEKTIVITAS BPSK DALAM MENANGANI SENGKETA KONSUMEN: STUDI KUALITATIF TENTANG POLA PENGADUAN, MEKANISME PENYELESAIAN, DAN KEPATUHAN PELAKU USAHA Prayogi, Prayogi; Hendarman, Hari; Kholid, Muhamad
Public Sphere: Jurnal Sosial Politik, Pemerintahan dan Hukum Vol 5, No 1 (2026): JPS (Jurnal Sosial Politik, Pemerintahan dan Hukum)
Publisher : CV Widina Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59818/jps.v5i1.2749

Abstract

This study analyzes the effectiveness of the Consumer Dispute Settlement Agency (BPSK) in providing access to justice for consumers through a juridical-empirical approach that combines semi-structured interviews with BPSK stakeholders in Bandung, observation of the settlement process, and a review of the regulations underlying the establishment of the agency. Based on Presidential Regulation No. 90 of 2001, BPSK acts as a non-litigation institution that resolves disputes between consumers and business actors through conciliation, mediation, and arbitration, and has the authority to impose administrative sanctions on business actors who violate regulations. The findings show that the structure of the council, which consists of representatives from the government, businesses, and consumers in equal proportions, is an instrument of impartiality in the dispute adjudication process. However, the effectiveness of BPSK services still faces a number of challenges: limited institutional coverage because not all districts/cities have a BPSK, resulting in a centralized caseload and potential barriers to access for consumers from remote areas; conventional evidence procedures; and dependence on the good faith of business actors in implementing decisions. Nevertheless, the BPSK has succeeded in acting as the first line of legal protection before disputes escalate to litigation, with mediation remaining the dominant mechanism and strengthening the principle of procedural justice for the parties. This study contributes to the understanding of the BPSK's role in resolving consumer disputes and provides insights for improving its effectiveness.ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisis efektivitas Badan Penyelesaian Sengketa Konsumen (BPSK) dalam memberikan akses keadilan bagi konsumen melalui pendekatan yuridis-empiris yang memadukan wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan pemangku kepentingan BPSK Kota Bandung, observasi proses penyelesaian, serta kajian regulasi yang mendasari berdirinya lembaga tersebut. Berdasarkan Perpres Nomor 90 Tahun 2001, BPSK berperan sebagai lembaga non-litigasi yang menyelesaikan sengketa antara konsumen dan pelaku usaha melalui konsiliasi, mediasi, dan arbitrase, serta berwenang menjatuhkan sanksi administratif kepada pelaku usaha yang melanggar. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa struktur keanggotaan majelis yang terdiri atas unsur pemerintah, pelaku usaha, dan konsumen dengan proporsi seimbang merupakan instrumen imparsialitas dalam proses ajudikasi sengketa. Namun, efektivitas layanan BPSK masih menghadapi sejumlah tantangan: keterbatasan cakupan kelembagaan karena belum seluruh kabupaten/ kota memiliki BPSK sehingga menimbulkan beban perkara terpusat serta potensi hambatan akses bagi konsumen dari wilayah pinggiran; prosedur pembuktian yang masih konvensional; dan ketergantungan penyelesaian pada itikad baik pelaku usaha dalam menjalankan putusan. Meski demikian, BPSK berhasil berperan sebagai garda awal perlindungan hukum sebelum sengketa meningkat ke ranah litigasi, dengan mekanisme mediasi tetap menjadi pilihan dominan dan memperkuat asas keadilan prosedural bagi para pihak. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi empiris dalam memahami posisi BPSK sebagai bagian dari arsitektur alternatif penyelesaian sengketa di Indonesia serta membuka ruang evaluasi terhadap urgensi peningkatan digitalisasi proses dan perluasan kelembagaan menuju efektivitas yang lebih optimal di masa mendatang.
ANALISIS YURIDIS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN TERHADAP PEMBATALAN KONTRAK KARYA: IMPLIKASI TERHADAP KEPASTIAN HUKUM DAN PERLINDUNGAN INVESTOR DI INDONESIA Prayogi, Prayogi; Hendarman, Hari; Astarudin, Tatang; Sumiati, Sumiati
Public Sphere: Jurnal Sosial Politik, Pemerintahan dan Hukum Vol 5, No 1 (2026): JPS (Jurnal Sosial Politik, Pemerintahan dan Hukum)
Publisher : CV Widina Media Utama

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.59818/jps.v5i1.2748

Abstract

Contract of Work is a legal instrument that plays an important role in natural resource management and investment in Indonesia. However, in practice, manyContracts of Work have been revoked by court decisions, giving rise to serious issues related to legal certainty and investor protection. This studyaims to analyze the legal considerations of judges in court decisions that cancel Work Contracts and their implications for the investment climate in Indonesia. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, and a case approach, by examining court decisions that have the force of law. The results of the study show that the annulment of Contracts of Work by the court is generally based on violations of the principles of agreement, inconsistency with the provisions of laws and regulations, as well as changes in legal policy in the field of mining and investment. These rulings have an impact on reducing legal certainty for investors, particularly in relation to contract stability and legal protection guarantees. Therefore, there is a need for regulatory harmonization, consistency in court rulings, and strengthening of the pacta sunt servanda principle in order to create a fair, sustainable, and legal certainty-oriented investment climate in Indonesia.ABSTRAKKontrak Karya merupakan instrumen hukum yang berperan penting dalam pengelolaan sumber daya alam dan penanaman modal di Indonesia. Namun, dalam praktiknya, tidak sedikit Kontrak Karya yang dibatalkan melalui putusan pengadilan, sehingga menimbulkan persoalan serius terkait kepastian hukum dan perlindungan investor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara yuridis pertimbangan hakim dalam putusan pengadilan yang membatalkan Kontrak Karya serta implikasinya terhadap iklim investasi di Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, dan pendekatan kasus, dengan menelaah putusan pengadilan yang telah berkekuatan hukum tetap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembatalan Kontrak Karya oleh pengadilan pada umumnya didasarkan pada adanya pelanggaran asas-asas perjanjian, ketidaksesuaian dengan ketentuan peraturan perundang-undangan, serta perubahan kebijakan hukum di bidang pertambangan dan investasi. Putusan tersebut berdampak pada menurunnya kepastian hukum bagi investor, khususnya terkait stabilitas kontrak dan jaminan perlindungan hukum. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan harmonisasi regulasi, konsistensi putusan pengadilan, serta penguatan asas pacta sunt servanda guna menciptakan iklim investasi yang adil, berkelanjutan, dan berorientasi pada kepastian hukum di Indonesia.
Co-Authors Astarudin, Tatang Cut Kumala Sari Gharata, Verza Dillano Hasibuan, Linda Mayanti Hendarman, Hari iman ceria invokafit Kamaludin Yusup, Deni Muhamad Kholid, Muhamad Nandang Najmudin Nasrullah Nasrullah Nur, Hammed Prayoga Prayoga Putri, Khosyi Mailisa Rahmadina, Rahmadina Satria, Widi Dwi Sidiq, Gifar Fajar Situmorang, Yeliani Marlina Solikhah Retno Hidayati Sumiati Sumiati Suprihatno, Andri Tantri Palupi Tarigan, Natasya Valeri Destia Putri Pratama Wasi’an, Wasi’an