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All Journal Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Jurnal Teknik Terapan (J-TETA) Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik: Majalah Ilmiah
Edia Rahayuningsih
Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Arts Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Mechanical Engineering Social Sciences

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Mass Transfer of Natural Dye Extraction and the Degradation Rate Mindaryani, Aswati; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Zahra, Aulia; Wardani, Erina Endah Kusuma
ASEAN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol 23, No 3 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ajche.90844

Abstract

This research studied the effect of temperature on the mass transfer rate and degradation rate of natural dye extraction. As the representative, two natural dyes extracted from Senduduk and Susupan Gunung plants were employed. Senduduk and Susupan Gunung are weed plants that are often found in peatlands. Susupan Gunung is easily found in South Kalimantan, and local people use it as a natural dye for handicraft products. Senduduk is often found in the South Sumatra area also used as a natural dye for traditional fabrics. Senduduk and Susupan Gunung were extracted in a three-neck flask using water as a solvent at temperatures of 50°, 70°, and 90°C. Samples of the extract solution were taken at certain times until the tannin concentration was constant. The tannin concentration in the solution was analyzed using volumetric methods. Experimental data consists of tannin concentrations in solution at various times. The mass transfer coefficient, equilibrium constant, and tannin degradation rate constant were determined by minimizing the sum square of errors between experimental data and the model. Senduduk contains more tannin (0.0094 g/cm3 solution) than Susupan Gunung (0.0079 g/cm3 solution), and Senduduk has a higher mass transfer coefficient than Susupan Gunung. The higher the temperature, the greater the rate of tannin degradation. During the extraction process, extract of Senduduk and Susupan Gunung leaves are stable at 50°C, which tends to degrade faster at higher temperatures. 
Increasing Productivity in Planting Indigofera Tinctoria Plant Seeds as Producers of Natural Dyes in Pacarejo Village, Semanu, Gunung Kidul, D.I. Yogyakarta Supriadianto, Supriadianto; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Dewi, Kumala; Pamungkas, Mukmin Sapto
Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (Indonesian Journal of Community Engagement) Vol 9, No 4 (2023): Desember
Publisher : Direktorat Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpkm.80805

Abstract

This investigation was conducted in Pacarejo Village with the participation of thirty people. This activity was a follow-up to the second year of research, with the objectives of: 1) Increasing participation and strengthening the commitment of Gapoktan of Sembada, Pacarejo Village by planting Indigofera tinctoria as an alternative plant with a fixed price that can improve people's income, 2) Realizing additional land, provision of seeds, and matrices for planting Indigofera tinctoria plants to meet the availability of sustainable raw materials, and 3) Providing assistance in care. The expected outputs to achieve an independent village are as follows: 1) Realization of a Cooperation Agreement for planting Indigofera tinctoria on at least 2 hectares, 2) Development of a planting system, plant care, and harvesting methods with optimal and sustainable quality, and 3) Availability of natural dye raw materials extracted from Indigofera tinctoria leaves that meet raw material quality standards and are sustainable. This research effectively improved the well-being of the residents of Calonejo Village, particularly the Gapoktan Sembada, Pacarejo Village by increasing the Indigofera plant nursery productivity of farmers. This research was successful due to the conclusion of a cooperation agreement to plant Indigofera tinctoria on an area of 3 hectares, the establishment of a planting system, plant care, and harvesting methods with optimal and sustainable quality, and the availability of raw materials for natural dyes extracted from Indigofera tinctoria leaves with optimal and sustainable quality. Information session, Group Discussion Forums (FGD), Training, and Direct Assistance methods are used.
Penentuan Kondisi Operasi Optimum Ekstraksi Pewarna Alami Dari Limbah Serbuk Kayu Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) Menggunakan Response Surface Method Putribarafike, Apriliantina; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Faridah, Eny
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan"

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The use of natural dyes is an alternative to replace synthetic dyes. One of the natural resources in Indonesia that can be used as a natural dye is wood sawdust of Ulin wood. Phytochemical analysis results showed that the extract of Ulin wood sawdust contains tannin compound, as the chemical of these sawdust is potential as a source of natural dyes. This research is to find the optimum condition of natural dye extraction from Ulin wood sawdust.  Variables observed in this research are temperature, the weight ratio of sawdust to the solvent volume, and mixer rotation speed. The extraction process with a third necked flask with a stirrer, condenser, heat mantle, and with water as solvents. Natural dye content on the extract was analyzed by gravimetry. The optimization of operating variables extraction using Response Surface Method (RSM) with Box-Behnken model. The results that the optimum temperature was 90oC, the weight ratio of Ulin wood sawdust to the solvent volume was 0,25 g/mL, and the optimum mixer rotation speed was 250 rpm. In this optimum condition, the natural dye content in the extracts was 1,2054%
Pengawetan Ekstrak Pewarna Alami dari Daun dan Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Agustin, Veni Tri; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Mindaryani, Aswati
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan"

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Indonesia has abundant natural resources that are very potential and prospective as raw materials for natural dyes, one of which is the leaves and skins of cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.). The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of preservatives that can effectively inhibit the biodegradation reaction of natural dyes in the extract of leaves and skins of cocoa pods. Extracts of natural dyes that have been centrifuged and preservatives was added, then stored in a closed reactor. The preservatives used are benzoic acid and chitosan. Extraction is carried out for 20 days. Every 2 days, extract was analyzed from the reactor to determine the colorant concentration using gravimetric method. Besides benzoic acid, the same experiments was also carried out on another chitosan dissolved in 2% acetic acid solution. The results showed that the addition of benzoic acid and chitosan dissolved in 2% acetic acid solution can inhibit the biodegradation of leaves and skins of cocoa pods extract. Preservative concentrations of 0.50% benzoic acid and 0.25% chitosan are effective preservatives to inhibit the biodegradation reaction
Optimization of cotton fabrics dyeing process using various natural dye extracts Rahayuningsih, Edia; Marfitania, Taranipa; Pamungkas, Mukmin Sapto; Fatimah, Wachid Siti
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 16 No 1 (2022): Volume 16, Number 1, 2022
Publisher : Jurnal Rekayasa Proses

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.70397

Abstract

Efforts to substitute synthetic dyes on fabrics for natural dyes are currently increasing. Research and innovation are extremely needed to support those attempts so that the quality of natural dyes is more competitive than synthetic dyes. This study aims to optimize the dyeing parameters of cotton fabrics using natural dye extracts derived from the barks of Tegeran (Cudrania javanensis), Merbau (Intsia bijuga), Tingi (Ceriops tagal), and Jambal (Peltophorum pterocarpum), as well as Jolawe (Terminalia bellirica) fruit peel. Varied dyeing parameters included dye concentration, dyeing time and temperature, and material to liquor ratio (MLR). The fixative solutions used were alum, lime, and iron (II) sulfate. The optimized parameters were based on the values of color depth and evenness, measured colorimetrically. Furthermore, the obtained results of the dyeing process under optimized conditions were analyzed for color quality by measuring color coordinates as well as the values of color strength (K/S), washing fastness, and light fastness. The results showed that the optimal dyeing conditions for all natural dye extracts used were the code A extract concentrations (0.0113 g/mL of Tegeran; 0.0115 g/mL of Merbau; 0.0204 g/mL of Jambal; and 0.0582 g/mL of Jolawe), dyeing at 28°C, dyeing time of 30 minutes, and the MLR of 1:30. The resulting color variations were brown, gray, and golden yellow for the Tegeran extract with alum fixative. The highest K/S value was 5.56 for the fabric dyed in Tegeran extract with iron (II) sulfate fixative solution. The washing fastness values for Merbau, Tingi, Jambal, and Jolawe were 3-4 (fairly good) to 4-5 (excellent). Meanwhile, the light fastness values for all dyes were between 4 (good) and 5 (excellent). Overall, the standard procedure for cotton fabric dyeing that meets the minimum standards for textile products is obtained.
Optimasi proses metilasi brazilein hasil ekstrak kayu secang (Caesalpinia sappan linn) sebagai bahan pewarna merah alami untuk tekstil Muslimin, Muhammad Khoirul; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Mindaryani, Aswati
Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 18 No 2 (2024): Volume 18, Number 2, 2024
Publisher : Jurnal Rekayasa Proses

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.82068

Abstract

Salah satu upaya untuk mengurangi penggunaan pewarna sintesis yang berbahaya bagi manusia dan lingkungan adalah dengan menggunakan pewarna alami. Salah satu bahan pewarna alami yang potensial di Indonesia adalah kayu Secang (Caesalpina sappan L.). Kayu secang mengandung senyawa brazilein yang mampu menghasilkan warna merah. Namun, warna merah yang dihasilkan oleh brazilein sangat tidak stabil terhadap perubahan pH. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah meningkatkan kestabilan warna brazilein terhadap perubahan pH dengan menggunakan metode metilasi. Metilasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan dimetil karbonat (DMC) sebagai agen metilasi yang dikombinasikan dengan kalium iodide (KI) dan kalium karbonat (K2CO3). Metilasi dilakukan menggunakan metode reflux dengan variasi suhu (50, 60, dan 70 oC), waktu (3, 4, dan 5 jam), dan rasio pereaktan (1:5, 1:10, dan 1:15 g brazilein/mL DMC). Kestabilan warna dinyatakan sebagai nilai absorbansi yang diukur menggunakan spektrofotometer UV-Vis pada panjang gelombang 535,6 nm. Optimasi kondisi metilasi dilakukan menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Hasil yang optimum didapatkan pada suhu 70 oC, waktu 3,46 jam, dan rasio pereaktan 0,12 g brazilein/mL DMC. Pada kondisi tersebut, penyimpangan nilai absorbansi asam sebesar 28,12% sedangkan penyimpangan nilai absorbansi basa sebesar 0,02%. Kestabilan warna brazilein berhasil ditingkatkan dengan melakukan metilasi pada kondisi optimum.
Pengaruh Katalis NaOH Terhadap Proses Metilasi Senyawa Brazilein Pada Ekstrak Kayu Secang (Caesalpinia sappan linn) Ulma, Zeni; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Wahyuningsih, Tutik Dwi
Jurnal Teknik Terapan Vol. 1 No. 1 (2022): April
Publisher : P3M Politeknik Negeri Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (668.22 KB) | DOI: 10.25047/jteta.v1i1.6

Abstract

Reaksi metilasi adalah reaksi penggantian atom atau molekul dengan gugus metil. Beberapa parameter yang mempengaruhi proses metilasi antara lain rasio bahan dan waktu metilasi, namun hasil metilasi tidak optimal. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan penambahan katalis pada proses metilasi. Penambahan katalis berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan stabilitas warna ekstrak secang terhadap perubahan pH. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi katalis 0; 0,002; 0,01; 0,02; dan 0,04 mol/mL. Parameter yang diuji meliputi stabilitas terhadap pH (2, 3, 5, 7, dan 10) dan degradasi warna terhadap oksidator. Konsentrasi katalis penambahan terbaik adalah pada kisaran 0,002 hingga 0,01 mol/mL. Selain itu, adanya katalis NaOH dalam proses metilasi ekstrak secang juga dapat mengurangi degradasi warna yang disebabkan oleh adanya oksidator.
Pengawetan Ekstrak Pewarna Alami dari Daun dan Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) Agustin, Veni Tri; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Mindaryani, Aswati
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan"

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Indonesia has abundant natural resources that are very potential and prospective as raw materials for natural dyes, one of which is the leaves and skins of cocoa pods (Theobroma cacao L.). The purpose of this study is to determine the concentration of preservatives that can effectively inhibit the biodegradation reaction of natural dyes in the extract of leaves and skins of cocoa pods. Extracts of natural dyes that have been centrifuged and preservatives was added, then stored in a closed reactor. The preservatives used are benzoic acid and chitosan. Extraction is carried out for 20 days. Every 2 days, extract was analyzed from the reactor to determine the colorant concentration using gravimetric method. Besides benzoic acid, the same experiments was also carried out on another chitosan dissolved in 2% acetic acid solution. The results showed that the addition of benzoic acid and chitosan dissolved in 2% acetic acid solution can inhibit the biodegradation of leaves and skins of cocoa pods extract. Preservative concentrations of 0.50% benzoic acid and 0.25% chitosan are effective preservatives to inhibit the biodegradation reaction
Penentuan Kondisi Operasi Optimum Ekstraksi Pewarna Alami Dari Limbah Serbuk Kayu Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) Menggunakan Response Surface Method Putribarafike, Apriliantina; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Faridah, Eny
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan"

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The use of natural dyes is an alternative to replace synthetic dyes. One of the natural resources in Indonesia that can be used as a natural dye is wood sawdust of Ulin wood. Phytochemical analysis results showed that the extract of Ulin wood sawdust contains tannin compound, as the chemical of these sawdust is potential as a source of natural dyes. This research is to find the optimum condition of natural dye extraction from Ulin wood sawdust.  Variables observed in this research are temperature, the weight ratio of sawdust to the solvent volume, and mixer rotation speed. The extraction process with a third necked flask with a stirrer, condenser, heat mantle, and with water as solvents. Natural dye content on the extract was analyzed by gravimetry. The optimization of operating variables extraction using Response Surface Method (RSM) with Box-Behnken model. The results that the optimum temperature was 90oC, the weight ratio of Ulin wood sawdust to the solvent volume was 0,25 g/mL, and the optimum mixer rotation speed was 250 rpm. In this optimum condition, the natural dye content in the extracts was 1,2054%
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN ASAM ORGANIK TERHADAP PERUBAHAN KUALITAS EKSTRAK DAUN NOJA (PERISTROPHE BIVALVIS) KARENA TERJADINYA REAKSI OKSIDASI Atika, Vivin; Rahayuningsih, Edia; Budhijanto, Budhijanto
Dinamika Kerajinan dan Batik: Majalah Ilmiah Vol. 38 No. 1 (2021): DINAMIKA KERAJINAN DAN BATIK : MAJALAH ILMIAH
Publisher : Balai Besar Standardisasi dan Pelayanan Jasa Industri Kerajinan dan Batik

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22322/dkb.v38i1.6991

Abstract

ABSTRAKNoja (Peristrophe bivalvis) adalah tumbuhan sumber pewarna alami yang potensial dikembangkan di Indonesia. Ekstrak daun noja dapat mengalami kerusakan karena teroksidasi selama penyimpanan. Penambahan asam tanat, asam tartarat, dan asam sitrat diharapkan dapat menghambat terjadinya hal tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan asam tanat, asam tartarat, dan asam sitrat terhadap kecepatan kerusakan ekstrak daun noja akibat oksidasi. Indikator kerusakandinyatakan sebagai perubahan absorbansi ekstrak terhadap waktu. Pengamatan pada penelitian ini dipercepat dengan menambahkan hidrogen peroksida. Asam tanat, asam tartarat, dan asam sitrat pada berbagai variasi konsentrasi ditambahkan ke dalam larutan ekstrak daun noja, diikuti dengan penambahan 1% (v/v) hidrogen peroksida 30%. Pengukuran absorbansi dilakukan setiap 30 menit. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa penambahan asam tanat, asam tartarat, dan asam sitrat, memberikan kenaikan nilai absorbansi larutan terhadap waktu sebesar 2 - 3%; 20 - 26% dan 23 - 26%, sedangkan tanpa penambahan asam (blangko) memberikan kenaikan sebesar 24%. Hasil tersebut menunjukan bahwa penambahan asam tanat dan asam tartarat dapat menghambat reaksi oksidasi.ABSTRACTNoja (Peristrophe bivalvis) has the potential to be developed in Indonesia as a natural dyes source. During storage, noja leaves extract was degraded due to oxidation. The addition of tannic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid expected to inhibit the degradation. This study aims to determine the effect of tannic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid addition toward the degradation rate of the oxidation. The extract degradation indicator was expressed as the change in absorbance value. In order to shorten the observation time, the oxidation was accelerated by adding hydrogen peroxide. Tannic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid at various concentrations were added to the noja leaves extract solution, followed by the addition of 1% (v/v) hydrogen peroxide 30%. The absorbance ofthe sampel was measured every 30 minutes. The results showed that the increase absorbance value of the extract without the addition of organic acid (blank) was about 24%, while the addition of tannic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid were 2 - 3%; 20 - 26% and 24 - 34% respectively. Thus, it can be concluded that tannic acid and tartaric acid addition inhibits the oxidation.
Co-Authors Agustin, Veni Tri Aswati Mindaryani Budhijanto Budhijanto, Budhijanto Eny Faridah Fatimah, Wachid Siti Kumala Dewi Marfitania, Taranipa Muslimin, Muhammad Khoirul Pamungkas, Mukmin Sapto Putribarafike, Apriliantina Supriadianto, Supriadianto Tutik Dwi Wahyuningsih Ulma, Zeni Vivin Atika, Vivin Wardani, Erina Endah Kusuma Zahra, Aulia