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All Journal Jurnal Silvikultur Tropika (JST) Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection Jurnal AgroBiogen AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science BERITA BIOLOGI JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Agriprima : Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture JURNAL AGROHITA Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Jurnal Pusat Inovasi Masyarakat Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Ruly Anwar
Department Of Plant Protection, Faculty Of Agriculture, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Jl. Kamper, Kampus Darmaga, Bogor 16680, West Java, Indonesia
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Energy Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Social Sciences Other

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Parasitoid of cassava mealybug, Anagyrus lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): Mummy size, adult emergence, sex ratio, and parasitization level Fatayatun Naimah; Dewi Sartiami; Nina Maryana; Ruly Anwar; Pudjianto Pudjianto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 24 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d240335

Abstract

Abstract. Naimah F, Sartiami D, Maryana N, Anwar R, Pudjianto. 2023. Parasitoid of cassava mealybug, Anagyrus lopezi (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae): mummy size, adult emergence, sex ratio, and parasitization level. Biodiversitas 24: 1629-1634. The presence of Anagyrus lopezi as a natural enemy can reduce the population of Phenacoccus manihoti. This parasitoid was introduced from Thailand to Indonesia in 2014 to control cassava mealybugs. This research aims to determine the mummy length and width, adult emergence time, sex ratio, and parasitization level. This study was conducted in July-November 2022, while parasitoids and mealybugs were obtained from Bogor, Indonesia. The size of mummies was measured under Dino-light digital microscope; the emergence time was counted for 24 hours within six days, and the sex ratio of parasitoids was calculated based on the number of males and females emergence. The parasitization level was observed from four female parasitoids at 120, 160, and 200 of host population densities. The study showed the length and width of female mummies (n: 100) were 0.71 mm and 1.64, while the length and width of male mummies (n: 100) were shorter than female with 1.00 mm and 2.18 mm. The peak time of adult emergence is A. lopezi, i.e., during the daytime at 09:01-12:00 AM and 03:01-06:00 PM. The sex ratio of parasitoids from the field and laboratory was 1:0.49, 1:1.05, and 1:1.09, respectively. The one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at a 5% significance level showed that the host population density of 120 nymphs was significantly different from other densities, with a parasitization level of 66.7%.
Effects of sublethal fipronil insecticide concentrations on fitness and abundance profile of endosymbiont microbial species Nilaparvata lugens AWALUDDIN AWALUDDIN; DADANG DADANG; RULY ANWAR; GIYANTO GIYANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 3 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d250312

Abstract

Abstract. Awaluddin, Dadang, Anwar R, Giyanto. 2024. Effects of sublethal fipronil insecticide concentrations on fitness and abundance profile of endosymbiont microbial species Nilaparvata lugens. Biodiversitas 25: 998-1006. Fipronil is a widely used active ingredient for controlling Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), but the effect exerted on fitness ratio and composition of endosymbiont microbes remain unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate effects of insecticide by assessing fitness ratio and bacterial composition of endosymbionts in N. lugens before and after applying sublethal fipronil concentrations. A pair of LC15-equivalent fipronil-treated imago were introduced into treatment pots planted with rice 30 days after transplanting. Additionally, N. lugens endosymbionts were identified using full-length primers 27F and 1492R targeting the 16S rRNA gene. The results showed that fipronil application increased the total number of nymphs and fitness ratio of N. lugens in both IR64 and ciherang rice varieties. Similar observations were obtained with erythromycin application, although the differences were not statistically significant compared to the control. Fipronil application tended to cause an insignificant increase in the percentage of hatched eggs, while samples lacking this treatment contained abundant quantities of an endosymbiont, Acinetobacter soli. After applying insecticide, a significant alteration occurred in the composition of endosymbionts, with a substantial increase in Delftia acidovorans and D. lacustris, which both contributed to the enhanced fitness and tolerance of N. lugens to fipronil. These results showed the intricate interactions between bacteria and insects, as well as the mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance, thereby providing valuable insights for the development of new pest management strategies.
Rapid assessment of a thrips outbreak on shallots in Brebes and Tegal, Central Java Province, Indonesia SHANIA ANANDA; HERMANU TRIWIDODO; RULY ANWAR; DEWI SARTIAMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 25 No. 12 (2024)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d251240

Abstract

Abstract. Ananda S, Triwidodo H, Anwar R, Sartiami D. 2024. Rapid assessment of a thrips outbreak on shallots in Brebes and Tegal, Central Java Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 5024-5030. One of the high-economic-value crops extensively cultivated by farmers in Indonesia is shallots. The cultivation of shallots often faces problems from plant pests and diseases, which can decrease productivity. One of the pests infesting shallots is thrips. In September 2023, a thrips outbreak was reported in shallot fields in Brebes and Tegal Districts, Central Java Province, Indonesia, causing significant losses for farmers, with severe infestations leading to crop failure. Typically, the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the primary pest causing significant losses in shallot commodities in Brebes and Tegal. Prior to 2023, thrips were considered secondary pests and rarely caused severe damage. This research aims to investigate the history of thrips infestations based on interviews with 40 farmers, determine the pest population level using pest counts, and identify thrips to species. The research findings indicate that while farmers' knowledge about thrips still needs to improve, there is a significant potential for enhanced thrips management. The farmers’ knowledge, perspective, and actions significantly affect the thrips population in the fields. Farmers in Tegal exhibited more thorough knowledge of thrips management than those in Brebes, where thrips populations were higher. Climatic factors, such as increased temperatures and decreased rainfall, contributed to the rise in the thrips population. Farmers' adaptation strategies to cope with thrips outbreaks include increasing the frequency and dosage of pesticide spraying, early harvesting, and abandoning infested fields, which results in crop failure. The thrips species causing shallot damage in Brebes and Tegal was Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).
Residu emamektin benzoat dan propineb pada sawi putih: Efek interval pra-panen, pengetahuan, dan sikap petani : Emamectin benzoate and propineb residues in Chinese cabbage: Effects of pre-harvest interval, farmers’ knowledge, and attitudes Wesi Febrianti; Dadang Dadang; Ruly Anwar
Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia Vol 23 No 2 (2026): July
Publisher : Perhimpunan Entomologi Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5994/jei.23.2.115

Abstract

Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa) is an important horticultural vegetable with high nutritional and economic value and is widely consumed by the community. However, the intensive use of synthetic pesticides in its cultivation may leave chemical residues that can pose health risks if they exceed the permitted maximum residue limits (MRLs). This study aimed to evaluate the concentration of emamectin benzoate and propineb residues in Chinese cabbage based on different pre-harvest application intervals and to identify farmers’ levels of knowledge and attitudes toward pesticide use. The research consisted of two activities: a survey and a field experiment. The survey involved 40 farmers and was conducted in X Koto Subdistrict, Tanah Datar Regency, West Sumatra. The field experiment was arranged in a randomized complete block design consisting of seven treatments combining an insecticide with emamectin benzoate (30 g/l) and a fungicide with propineb (70%), applied at intervals of 3, 7, and 14 days before harvest, including a control, with three replications. Residue analysis was performed using liquid chromatography. The results showed that propineb residue levels decreased from 0.0105 mg/kg at 3 days before harvest to 0.0035 mg/kg at 7 days before harvest and were undetectable at 14 days before harvest. Meanwhile, emamectin benzoate residues ranged from 0.0065 to 0.0075 mg/kg, all of which were below the Indonesian maximum residue limits. Farmers knowledge was generally moderate, while most farmers had poor attitudes toward pesticide use, highlighting the need for better education on proper pesticide use and compliance with the pre-harvest interval. Longer pre-harvest intervals resulted in lower pesticide residue levels in the plants. These findings emphasize the importance of applying appropriate pre-harvest intervals to ensure food safety and support good agricultural practices.
Co-Authors A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Ahmad Aripin Naek Lubis1 Anggraeni, Flavia Devi Anik Nurhayati AWALUDDIN AWALUDDIN Awaluddin Awaluddin Bonjok Istiaji Bonny PW SOEKARNO Dadang Dadang Dadang Damanik, Dina Layali Dewi Sartiami Dian Herawati Endang Sri Ratna Fatayatun Naimah Fauzillah, Ridwan Firmansyah, Efrin FNU Dadang GIYANTO GIYANTO Giyanto Giyanto Giyanto Giyanto Gupi, Ainul Firman Hanifa, Salma Hermanu Triwidodo Ifana, Cindy Anola Irmansyah JONGMYUNG PARK Lisdar Idwan Sudirman Lutfi Firmansyah, Lutfi Madani, Humairah MOHAMAD SUHERI Muhamad Hidayanto Muhammad Agung Permadi Munara, Yayi Nina Maryana Noor Farikhah Haneda Novianti, Shilfa Nuriadi Priyatno, Tri P. Pudjianto Pudjianto Rakanu, Andrian Ratna Dewi RAUF, AUNU Rudi Tomson Hutasoit Santoso, Teguh Sempurna Ginting SEMPURNA GINTING SHANIA ANANDA SHINICHI SUKENO Siska Efendi Sri Hastuti Anggarawati Swastiko Priyambodo Syahri Syahri Teguh Santoso Teguh Santoso Teguh Santoso Trijanti A. Widinni Asnan WANDA RUSSIANZI Wandira, Sindy Waode Siti Anima Hisein Wawan, Wawan Wesi Febrianti Yani Maharani, Yani Yayi Munara YOONHWA JUNG