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All Journal Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia Universa Medicina Journal of the Indonesian Medical Association : Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Majalah Anestesia & Critical Care (MACC) eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Journal of Global Pharma Technology Frontiers on Healthcare Research
Riyadh Firdaus
Department Of Anesthesiology And Intensive Care, Faculty Of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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The Role of Virtual Reality in Cancer Pain Management: A Systematic Literature Review Ignatia Novianti Tantri; Aida Rosita Tantri; Sidharta Kusuma Manggala; Riyadh Firdaus; Tasya Claudia Pardede
Bioscientia Medicina : Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol. 7 No. 1 (2023): Bioscientia Medicina: Journal of Biomedicine & Translational Research
Publisher : HM Publisher

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37275/bsm.v7i1.752

Abstract

Background: Virtual reality (VR) is a 3D environment-based simulation using computer technology that creates a realistic multi-sensorial experience. VR allows users to simulate real-world scenarios in a safe, attractive virtual space. Immersive VR has been proposed as a non-pharmacologic approach to cancer pain management. This systematic review aimed to explore the role of virtual reality in cancer pain management. Methods: The current review was conducted and reported following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. This study used PICO consisting of population: adult patients with cancer pain, intervention: virtual reality, comparison: placebo, outcome: reducing cancer pain. Results: Four studies of moderate to the high quality that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were reviewed in this study. Two studies show VR can reduce stress and anxiety and increase relaxation. Two RCTs demonstrated the effectiveness of VR in reducing cancer pain. Conclusion: Virtual reality technology can help to reduce cancer pain. In addition to pain severity, other parameters such as fatigue, depression, anxiety, and stress also were decreased. VR also could increase the level of relaxation. Virtual reality's role in reducing pain can have good implications for cancer pain management and increasing patient comfort.
Blok Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) pada Operasi Tulang Belakang Lumbal: Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti Annisaa Yuneva; Maria Y. Tita; Hana F. Herianti; Andy Omega; Riyadh Firdaus
eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 11, No. 1 - April 2023
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23886/ejki.11.229.59

Abstract

Pada pasien yang menjalani operasi tulang belakang area lumbal, nyeri pasca operasi merupakan salah satu yang menyebabkan tingginya kebutuhan opioid, memperpanjang durasi lama rawat, dan ketidakpuasan pada pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah. menentukan efektivitas blok erector spinae plane (ESP) pada operasi tulang belakang area lumbal berdasarkan langkah-langkah Evidence-based Medicine (EBM). Pencarian literatur dilakukan sesuai pertanyaan klinis dan terstruktur menggunakan PubMed, Cochrane Library, dan ProQuest. Pada artikel yang terpilih kemudian dilakukan telaah kritis terhadap kesahihan (validity), pentingnya hasil (importance), dan kemamputerapan (applicability) pada hasil. Setelah proses seleksi sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi didapatkan satu artikel yang sesuai dengan tujuan laporan ini, berupa 5 RCT dan 2 tinjauan sistematis. Luaran dari studi ini melingkupi nyeri pasca operasi, kebutuhan analgesi tambahan, insidensi post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV), kepuasan pasien, dan komplikasi blok ESP. Disimpulkan, blok ESP efektif dalam memberikan analgesi intraoperatif dan pasca operasi pada pasien yang menjalani operasi tulang belakang area lumbal, dengan prosedur yang relatif aman dan komplikasi minimal.
Perbandingan Rasio Lingkar Leher Terhadap Jarak Tiromental dengan Skor Mallampati dan Jarak Tiromental Sebagai Prediktor Kesulitan Visualisasi Laring pada Pasien Bedah Elektif Di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Riyadh Firdaus; Arif HM Marsaban; Roniza Basri
JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia) Vol 14, No 3 (2022): Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jai.v0i0.47360

Abstract

Latar Belakang: Skor mallampati dan jarak tiromental (TMD) banyak digunakan sebagai prediktor kesulitan visualisasi laring preoperatif, namun akurasi kedua penanda tersebut masih dipertanyakan.Tujuan: Penelitian ini mengevaluasi prediktor kesulitan visualisasi laring (difficult visualization of larynx, DVL) preoperatif baru yaitu rasio lingkar leher (NC) terhadap jarak tiromental TMD dibandingkan dengan skor mallampati dan jarak tiromental.Metode: Sebanyak 217 pasien yang menjalani anestesi umum untuk bedah elektif dievaluasi dengan menggunakan skor mallampati, TMD dan rasio NC/TMD. Dan titik potong untuk masing-masing prediktor jalan napas adalah skor mallampati III dan IV, < 6,5 cm, ≥ 5. Pada saat dilakukan laringoskopi langsung, visualisasi laring dinilai berdasarkan klasifikasi cormack-lehane (CL). Skor CL derajat III dan IV dianggap sulit visualisasi. Kemudian ditentukan dan dibandingkan nilai area dibawah kurva (AUC), sensitifitas, spesifisitas untuk setiap prediktor jalan napas.Hasil: Pada penelitian ini, dari 217 subjek penelitian, mudah dalam visualisasi laring (easy visualization of larynx, EVL) didapatkan 197 orang (90,8%), sedangkan sulit dalam visualisasi laring (DVL) sebanyak 20 orang (9,2%). Kemudian didapatkan hasil TMD dengan kesulitan visualisasi laring pada DVL sebesar 28% dan EVL sebesar 72% (p=0,000), sedangan rasio NC/TMD dibandingkan dengan kesulitan visualisasi didapatkan 22,4% pada DVL dan 77,6% pada EVL (p=0,000). Area dibawah curve (AUC) rasio NC/TMD (96,2%) lebih baik dibandingkan dengan skor mallampati (64%) dan TMD (83%).Kesimpulan: Akurasi rasio NC/TMD lebih baik dibandingkan dengan skor mallampati dan TMD.
Lama Perawatan dan Skor Nyeri Pascaoperasi pada Pasien Kraniotomi Elektif dengan Protokol Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS): Laporan Kasus Berbasis Bukti Riyadh Firdaus; Novi Jamilah; Moch Yasin Friansyah; Sandy Theresia
JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia) Vol 14, No 1 (2022): Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jai.v0i0.42572

Abstract

Latar belakang: Kraniotomi merupakan salah satu tindakan bedah saraf dengan insidensi nyeri pascaoperasi yang tinggi. Kraniotomi menimbulkan nyeri yang berat pada 90% pasien dengan kejadian tersering dalam 48 jam setelah dilakukan tindakan dan 30% diantaranya mengalami nyeri kepala kronik. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan manajemen perioperatif yang adekuat untuk meningkatkan pemulihan pasien pascaoperasi, salah satunya dengan penerapan protokol enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS).Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh protokol ERAS terhadap lama perawatan dan skor nyeri pascaoperasi pada pasien yang menjalani kraniotomi elektif.Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada 5 pusat data yaitu PubMed, Cochrane, Proquest, Scopus, dan Science Direct dengan menggunakan kata kunci enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS), craniotomy, length of stay, dan pain scale. Artikel terpilih dilakukan telaah kritis menggunakan formulir dari Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine.   Hasil: Berdasarkan 3 artikel terpilih, yaitu 2 studi randomized control trial (RCT) dan 1 studi prospektif non-RCT, didapatkan bahwa protokol ERAS dapat menurunkan lama perawatan dan skor nyeri pascaoperasi pada pasien kraniotomi elektif. Studi pertama menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan siginifikan lama perawatan di intensive care unit (ICU) pada kelompok ERAS dengan nilai absolute risk reduction (ARR) = 25,02 dan number needed to treat (NNT) = 4 (p = 0,003; 95% CI 2,1 - 51,2). Studi kedua menyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan skor nyeri yang bermakna antara kelompok ERAS dan konvensional dengan nilai p < 0,0001 dan 95% CI 3,51–15,99. Studi ketiga menyatakan terdapat penurunan total lama hari perawatan dengan median 13 hari pada kelompok konvensional dibandingkan 10 hari pada kelompok ERAS (p = 0,004).Kesimpulan: Penerapan protokol ERAS terbukti efektif dalam menurunkan lama perawatan dan skor nyeri pascaoperasi pada pasien yang menjalani kraniotomi elektif. Namun dibutuhkan penelitian multisenter dengan jumlah subjek penelitian yang lebih banyak untuk mengevaluasi efikasi dan keamanan penerapan protokol ERAS pada kraniotomi.
Pre-emptive versus preventive analgesia for postoperative pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis Aida Rosita Tantri; Riyadh Firdaus; Hansen Angkasa; Ahmad Pasha Natanegara; Muhammad A. I. Maulana
Universa Medicina Vol. 42 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Trisakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18051/UnivMed.2023.v42.227-239

Abstract

BackgroundPostoperative pain is a type of nociceptive pain that originates from tissue damage due to trauma caused by surgery. Pre-emptive analgesia is treatment that starts before surgery, to prevent or reduce the establishment of sensitization of dorsal horn neurons caused by tissue injury, the sensitized neurons being supposed to amplify postoperative pain. Pre-emptive analgesia consists of administering analgesic medication before tissue injury, that is, before the reception, transmission, modulation, and nociception of the aggressive stimulus, aiming to prevent hyperalgesia. This review aims to compare the efficacy of pre-emptive analgesia and preventive analgesia in postoperative pain. MethodsArticle searching was done on five databases (PubMed, ProQuest, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ClinicalKey). Hand-searching was also done to find additional articles. We have only included double-blind, randomized, controlled trials (RCT). A total of fifteen articles were included and all were RCT studies comparing pre-emptive analgesia with preventive analgesia. The quality of the included studies was evaluated with Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tools. Quantitative analysis was performed by Review Manager 5.4. ResultsFifteen studies comprising 830 subjects were included in this study. Our analysis revealed that pre-emptive analgesia significantly improved visual analog scale (VAS)/numeric rating scale (NRS)/verbal rating scale (VRS) 4 hours postoperatively [mean difference (MD) = -0.25, 95% CI: [- 0.49, -0.02]; I2 = 94%]. Unfortunately, pain scoring at 6, 12 and 24 hours after surgery did not differ significantly between pre-emptive and preventive analgesia. Duration of analgesia was comparable between the two groups. Time to rescue analgesics was similar between the two groups, but the pre-emptive group was associated with less analgesic consumption postoperatively than the preventive group. ConclusionPre-emptive analgesia provided better pain relief than preventive analgesia during the short term. Time to rescue analgesics is comparable between both groups, but pre-emptive analgesia is associated with lower amounts of rescue analgesics postoperatively.
Pengetahuan dan Sikap terhadap Situasi Bencana dan Kegawatdaruratan: Sebuah Studi Multisenter Vito Filbert Jayalie; Beryliana Maya Anisa; Rania Zahra; Luther Holan Parasian; Caren Andika Surbakti; Nela Lutfiana; Adrian Reynaldo Sudirman; Lintang Sekar Sari; Indah Nur Rachmah; Hasna Ibadurrahmi; M. Sopiyudin Dahlan; Riyadh Firdaus; Indonesia Emergency Knowledge and Attitude Evaluator Team
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 68 No 12 (2018): Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association - Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, V
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47830/jinma-vol.68.12-2018-204

Abstract

Introduction: Being in the ring of fire have caused Indonesia prone to emergency and disasters. This condition should make a positive correlation to level of citizen’s knowledge and attitude towards emergency and disaster situation. However, there is no study to assess this condition. This study aims to assess the knowledge and attitude of Indonesian in emergency and disaster using a cross-sectional study collected from questionnaire interviewed by trained medical students in four centers (Jakarta, Depok, Padang, and Makassar).Method: Samples were collected using random cluster sampling. Out of 570 samples participated, most of the respondents had a poor knowledge (56.1%) and attitude (60.7%). Result: There is a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude (p less than 0.001). Age, education, and training on disaster can affect both knowledge and attitude towards emergency and disaster situation (p less than 0.05). However, disaster experience only had a significant contribution towards knowledge (p less than 0.05) but not the attitude (p = 0.856). Conclusion: Most of the population in this study had poor knowledge and attitude in emergencies. These presented data also indicate that training on disaster is urgently needed to give impact on citizen’s awareness. Moreover, further research is needed.
Prediktor Kesulitan Intubasi: Perbandingan Antara Rasio Tinggi Badan Terhadap Jarak Tiromental, Skor Mallampati Dan Jarak Tiromental Riyadh Firdaus; Aries Perdana; Rinal Effendi
Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia Vol 73 No 1 (2023): Journal of The Indonesian Medical Association - Majalah Kedokteran Indonesia, Vo
Publisher : PENGURUS BESAR IKATAN DOKTER INDONESIA (PB IDI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47830/jinma-vol.73.1-2023-813

Abstract

Introduction: The Mallampati score and thyromental distance (TMD) are frequently used to identify challenging laryngoscopies, but their reliability in predicting difficulty is uncertain. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of using the ratio of height to thyromental distance (RHTMD) in predicting difficult visualization of the larynx (DVL) when compared to the Mallampati score and TMD.Method: To achieve this goal, 277 patients who received general anesthesia during elective surgery were evaluated using the Mallampati score, TMD, and RHTMD. The Cormack and Lehane (CL) classification was used to grade the laryngeal view, with CL grade 3 and 4 indicating difficult visualization. The study then determined and compared the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity for each airway predictor.Results: The AUC of RHTMD (85.5%) was better than TMD (82.7%) and significantly better than the Mallampati score (61.4%).Conclusion: RHTMD is more accurate in predicting difficult laryngoscopy than both the Mallampati score and TMD.
Neuroanesthesia in Neurosurgical Emergencies: What Anesthesiologists Ought to Know Ferry Valentino; Riyadh Firdaus; Tesha Monika; Radea Renoza
Jurnal Neuroanestesi Indonesia Vol 15, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : https://snacc.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/fall/Intl-news3.html

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24244/jni.v15i2.752

Abstract

Neurosurgical emergencies demand rapid and coordinated anesthetic management to prevent secondary neurological injury and improve patient outcomes. Anesthesiologists play a critical role not only in facilitating surgical intervention but also in maintaining cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), controlling intracranial pressure (ICP), and safeguarding neural function during periods of physiological instability. This review synthesizes current guidelines regarding anesthetic selection, hemodynamic targets, and specific neuroprotective strategies. Furthermore, optimal anesthetic management for acute ischemic stroke is re-evaluated based on recent research suggesting that conscious sedation may offer superior functional outcomes in minor anterior circulation strokes, whereas general anesthesia remains non-inferior for posterior circulation strokes. The review also highlights critical physiologic targets, emphasizing the strict avoidance of hypotension and the judicious use of moderate hypocapnia. By integrating these emerging evidence-based protocols, anesthesiologists can optimize management in neurosurgical emergencies settings, thereby improving patients’ functional recovery and survival rates.
Rapid Response Systems as Secondary Responders to In-Hospital Clinical Deterioration: A Four-Year Observational Study Sidharta Kusuma Manggala; Andi Ade Wijaya Ramlan; Dita Aditianingsih; Riyadh Firdaus; Arief Cahyadi; Aino Nindya Auerkari; Noor Hafidz; Luther Holan Parasian; Adhrie Sugiarto; Yoan Devina; Aivi Mujono; Avisa Cetta Cresma
JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia) Vol 18, No 1 (2026): JAI (Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia)
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jai.v0i0.80762

Abstract

Background: In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA) is a major cause of preventable inpatient mortality, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where rapid response systems (RRS) are still developing. Evidence regarding RRS performance in Indonesia is limited. This study evaluated the performance and operational challenges of an institutional RRS over four years at a large tertiary referral hospital in Jakarta.Objective: This study aimed to determine the proportion of immediate survival following RRS activation and to investigate secondary outcomes, including the association between activation indications and mortality, and system-level barriers.Methods: This retrospective observational cohort study included all inpatient RRS activations at Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital (RSCM), Jakarta, Indonesia, from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2024. Data from the hospital’s RRS registry were analyzed for activation triggers, interventions, immediate outcomes, and operational issues.Results: Among 246,367 inpatient admissions, there were 5,900 eligible inpatient RRS activations, yielding an activation rate of 23.9 per 1,000 admissions. Immediate survival occurred in 4,763 (80.7%) events, while 1,137 (19.3%) patients did not survive. Cardiac arrest (8.0%) and respiratory arrest (6.5%) were the strongest predictors of non-survival odds ratio (OR) 48.17 and 27.13 vs. red early warning score (EWS) reference, both p<0.001). Most activations occurred out of hours (63.0%), and mortality was significantly higher (71.3% vs. 61.1%; p < 0.001). The most frequent single-parameter triggers were oxygen saturation ≤90% (38.5%) and sudden deterioration of consciousness (15.8%). Mismatched activations, where the patient’s condition upon team arrival differed from the activation indicationwere strongly associated with higher mortality (OR 17.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 14.3–20.2, p<0.001).Conclusion: The institutional RRS demonstrated a moderate activation rate and favorable immediate survival compared with similar LMIC settings. However, outcomes were influenced by delayed recognition, out-of-hours activation, and limited critical-care capacity. Strengthening early-escalation culture, monitoring afferent-limb failure (ALF), expanding nighttime coverage, and increasing intensive care unit (ICU) capacity are essential to enhance RRS effectiveness and reduce preventable in-hospital mortality in resource-limited settings.
Sulit intubasi: Tantangan dan Masa depannya Riyadh Firdaus
Majalah Anestesia & Critical Care Vol 42 No 1 (2024): Februari
Publisher : Perhimpunan Dokter Spesialis Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif (PERDATIN) / The Indonesian Society of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care (INSAIC)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55497/majanestcricar.v42i1.397

Abstract

Intubasi merupakan prosedur medis yang umum dijumpai dengan risiko seperti nyeri dan trauma. Sulit intubasi, disebabkan oleh faktor anatomi atau patologis, merupakan tantangan serius dalam praktik klinis. Sulit intubasi dapat menyebabkan komplikasi serius dan bahkan kematian. Evaluasi pra-anestesi penting untuk mendeteksi potensi sulit intubasi dengan menggunakan prediktor klinis seperti skor Mallampati dan Cormack-Lehane. Integrasi teknologi medis terkini, seperti video laringoskop, dapat meningkatkan keberhasilan dan keamanan prosedur. Namun, pemilihan alat harus mempertimbangkan kelebihan dan kekurangan masing-masing. Pengembangan metode baru, seperti penggunaan 3D imaging, sedang diteliti untuk meningkatkan pemahaman dan penanganan sulit intubasi.
Co-Authors A Himendra Wargahadibrata A. Hmendra Wargahadibrata Adrian Reynaldo Sudirman Adrian Reynaldo Sudirman Ahmad Pasha Natanegara Aivi Mujono Amir Sjarifuddin Madjid Andi A. Wijaya Andi Ade Wijaya Ramlan Andy Omega Ani Retno Prijanti Annisaa Yuneva Arief Cahyadi Arif HM Marsaban Arni Diana Fitri Auerkari, Aino Nindya Avisa Cetta Cresma Bambang J. Oetoro Beryliana Maya Anisa Beryliana Maya Anisa Besthadi Sukmono Caren Andika Surbakti Caren Andika Surbakti Cindy Rahardja Claudia Lunaesti Darto Satoto Dewi Yulianti Bisri Dita Aditianingsih Ekowati Handharyani Ferry Valentino Franciscus D. Suyatna Hana F. Herianti Hansen Angkasa Hasna Ibadurrahmi Hasna Ibadurrahmi Ignatia Novianti Tantri Indah Nur Rachmah Indah Nur Rachmah Indonesia Emergency Knowledge and Attitude Evaluator Team Indonesia Emergency Knowledge and Attitude Evaluator Team Lintang Sekar Sari Lintang Sekar Sari Lisda Amalia Luther Holan Parasian Luther Holan Parasian Luther Holan Parasian M. Sopiyudin Dahlan M. Sopiyudin Dahlan Manggala, Sidharta Kusuma Maria Y. Tita Meliani Anggreni Moch Yasin Friansyah Muhammad A. I. Maulana Muhammad Arief Fadli Nadra Septiadi Nela Lutfiana Nela Lutfiana Noor Hafidz Novi Jamilah Nur’aini Alamanda Perdana, Aries Radea Renoza Rafidya Indah Septica Rani Tiara Rania Zahra Rania Zahra Ratna Farida Soenarto Rinal Effendi Roniza Basri Ryan Austin Sandy Theresia Sandy Theresia Siti Chasnak Saleh Solly Aryza Sri Rahardjo Sri Rejeki Sugiarto, Adhrie Syafruddin Gaus Tantri, Aida Rosita Tasya Claudia Pardede Tatang Bisri Tesha Monika Tommy Supit Vito Filbert Jayalie, Vito Filbert Yetty Ramli Yoan Devina