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ANALISIS TITIK IMPAS DAN SENSITIVITAS TERHADAP KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHATANI PADI SAWAH Sahara, Dewi; Alam, Nur; , Idris
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 10, No 2 (2007): Juli 2007
Publisher : Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

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The research had been conducted in Langgomea Village, Konawe District, from June to December 2005. This research used a survey method and aimed to know the technology performance, expense structures and farming system income of upland rice farming system. The data, technology application, productivity, and farming system income were collected from filled questionnaires from 35 respondents. The results showed that the variety of technology application had been close to recommended technology as shown by a production of 4.68 ton/ha. On the basis of yield price Rp.1.350,-/kg, the farmers income can reached Rp.3.519.000,- with RCR 2.28 which means that the farming system was financially feasible. However, rice farming system is not sensitive to the change of production input price and decreasing price of paddy up to 15% though the farmers profitability obtained by farmers declines. Key words: upland rice, break event point, sensitivity, irrigation land Â Penelitian bertujuan untuk melihat keragaan teknologi, struktur biaya dan penerimaan usahatani padi sawah di lahan irigasi telah dilakukan di Desa Langgomea, Kecamatan Uepai, Kabupaten Konawe, dari bulan Juni sampai Desember 2005 dengan menggunakan metode survei. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan panduan kuisioner terhadap 35 responden yang meliputi penerapan teknologi, produktivitas dan pendapatan usahatani. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif dan kuantitatif Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keragaan penerapan teknologi di tingkat petani sudah mendekati teknologi yang dianjurkan sehingga produksi diperoleh sebanyak 4,68 ton/ha. Proporsi biaya tertinggi pada tenaga kerja luar keluarga yang mencapai 54,10% dari total biaya. Dengan harga gabah kering panen (GKP) sebesar Rp.1.350/kg maka pendapatan yang diterima petani sebesar Rp.3.519.000 dengan RCR 2,28 sehingga usahatani layak secara finansial. Usahatani padi sawah tidak peka terhadap perubahan kenaikan harga sarana produksi dan penurunan harga gabah hingga 15%, namun tingkat keuntungan yang diperoleh semakin menurun.Kata kunci: padi sawah, titik impas, sensitivitas, lahan irigasi

KAJIAN STRUKTUR BIAYA DAN ALOKASI CURAHAN TENAGA KERJA PADA SISTEM USAHATANI PADI SAWAH (Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Konawe) Sahara, Dewi; , Idris
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 10, No 2 (2007): Juli 2007
Publisher : Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

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The purpose of this research was to know the cost structure and labor distribution on rice farming system between farmers technology and repaired technology, and was carried out in Langgomea Village, Uepai Sub District, Konawe District, South east Sulawesi from January to July 2006. The repaired technology included the use of fertilizers, qualified seed, and planting time at once. The results showed that farmers technology produced 4.650 kg/ha yield which equivalent to an income of Rp.3.684.500,- while the repaired technology produced 5.500 kg/ha yield with an income of Rp.4.479.300.- The extra cost needed on repaired technology was Rp.395.200,- which in turn gives the farmer an extra income of Rp.794.800 with MBCR 2.01. The result regression analysis of labor distribution on both technologies was significant on 99%. Labor distribution on repaired technology was greater 15.51 manpower than farmers technology. The farmer will of course need extra labors if they widen the area use more seeds fertilizers and pesticides. Key words: rice farming system, cost structure, labor distribution Â Pengkajian struktur biaya dan alokasi curahan tenaga kerja pada sistem usahatani padi sawah dilakukan dengan memperbaiki teknologi petani yang mencakup teknologi pemupukan dan penggunaan benih bermutu telah dilaksanakan di lahan petani di Desa Langgomea, Kecamatan Uepai, Kabupaten Konawe dari bulan Januari â Juli 2006 (MH 2006). Pengkajian bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur pembiayaan dan alokasi curahan tenaga kerja pada usahatani padi sawah antara pola teknologi petani dengan pola perbaikan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi pola petani memberikan produksi gabah kering panen (GKP) sebanyak 4.650 kg/ha dengan pendapatan Rp.3.684.500 dan produksi pada pola perbaikan sebanyak 5.500 kg/ha dengan pendapatan Rp.4.479.300. Perubahan teknologi dari teknologi petani ke teknologi perbaikan memerlukan tambahan biaya sebesar Rp.395.200, namun dengan tambahan biaya tersebut petani memperoleh tambahan pendapatan sebesar Rp.794.800 sehingga nilai MBCR yang diperoleh 2,01 artinya setiap penambahan biaya sebesar Rp.1.000 petani akan memperoleh tambahan pendapatan sebesar Rp.2.010. Hasil analisis regresi curahan tenaga pada kedua teknologi berbeda sangat nyata pada tingkat kepercayaan 99% dimana alokasi curahan tenaga kerja pola perbaikan lebih banyak 15,51 HKP daripada teknologi petani. Petani akan memerlukan tambahan tenaga kerja apabila memperluas lahan garapan, meningkatkan jumlah benih, pupuk dan pestisida. Kata kunci: usahatani padi sawah, struktur biaya, curahan tenaga kerja

PENGARUH FAKTOR PRODUKSI PADA USAHATANI LADA DI SULAWESI TENGGARA (Kasus Integrasi Lada - Ternak di Kecamatan Landono, Kabupaten Kendari) Sahara, Dewi; , Yusuf; , Sahardi
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 7, No 2 (2004): Juli 2004
Publisher : Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

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The assessment was conducted on June â July 2002 in Southeast Sulawesi. Objective of the study was toassess influence of some production factors on pepper yield. Methodology of the study was survey and participatoryappraisal. Structural interviews involved 31 farmers, i.e., 14 farmers implemented integration farming of pepper andgoat, and 17 farmers conducted pepper monoculture farming. Data were analyzed using ordinary least squareregression. Results of the study indicated that pepper yields between integrated farming and monoculture practice forthe first year of production were significantly different. Expanding planted area was the main way of increasing yieldon integrated farming. On the other hand, pepper yield of farmersâ practice could be improved through manureapplication. Labor increase will also expand pepper yield.Key words: production factors, pepper farming system, pepper-livestock integrationPengkajian faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi produktivitas pada usahatani lada di Sulawesi Tenggaradilakukan pada bulan Juni â Juli 2002. Tujuan pengkajian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh beberapa faktorproduksi terhadap produksi lada. Pengkajian menggunakan metode survei dengan pendekatan partisipatif. Wawancaradilakukan secara terstruktur terhadap 31 petani responden yang terdiri dari 14 petani yang mengintegrasikan tanamanlada dengan ternak kambing selama satu tahun dalam usahataninya, dan 17 responden lainnya mengusahakan ladasecara monokultur. Data dianalisa menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan metode Ordinary Least Square(OLS). Untuk membedakan teknologi produksi digunakan dummy variable pada analisa gabungan teknologi,selanjutnya semua teknologi dianalisa secara terpisah. Hasil analisis regresi fungsi produksi memperlihatkan bahwatidak ada perbedaan yang nyata antara teknologi lada secara monokultur dengan teknologi lada yang diintegrasikandengan ternak kambing pada tahun pertama percobaan. Upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi pada teknologi integrasiadalah dengan memperluas areal pertanaman, sedangkan pada teknologi petani dengan menggunakan atau menambahpupuk kandang. Di samping itu penambahan tenaga kerja masih perlu dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produktivitas.Kata kunci : faktor produksi, usahatani lada, integrasi lada-ternak

EFISIENSI FAKTOR PRODUKSI LADA PADA POLA USAHATANI INTEGRASI DAN POLA TRADISIONAL DI SULAWESI TENGGARA Sahara, Dewi; , Sahardi
Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 2 (2005): Juli 2005
Publisher : Jurnal Pengkajian dan Pengembangan Teknologi Pertanian

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The study conducted on November to December 2003 was aimed at analyzing production factor efficiency ofpepper farmers in Southeast Sulawesi. Survey was carried out to collect data from 14 participating farmers whointegrated goats into pepper farms for three years and 16 traditional pepper farmers. The data were analyzed usingseparate linear regressions for both samples. Land area, nitrogen fertilizer, and organic fertilizer positively affectedpepper production of both groups of farmers. However, fungicide had negative effect on production. SP-36 fertilizeralso had negative effect on production of traditional farmers. Both groups of farmers were not efficient in allocatingproduction factors. Nitrogen fertilizer and fungicide were not efficiently applied by the participating farmers.Nitrogen, SP-36, and organic fertilizers, fungicide, and labor were not efficiently applied by the traditional farmers. Itis necessary to use production factors efficiently to achieve optimal pepper production.Key words: efficiency, production factors, integrated farming system, traditional farming system, pepper.Penelitian efisiensi penggunaan faktor produksi pada pola usahatani lada di Sulawesi Tenggara telahdilakukan pada bulan November hingga Desember 2003. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi perilaku petanidalam menggunakan input produksi sehingga diperoleh gambaran tingkat efisiensi penggunaan faktor produksi.Penelitian menggunakan metode survai dan pengamatan partisipatif terhadap 14 petani yang telah mengintegrasikanternak kambing ke dalam usahatani lada selama tiga tahun dan 16 petani lada tradisional. Data dianalisismenggunakan regresi linear berganda untuk mengestimasi fungsi produksi. Analisis dilakukan secara terpisah antarapola usahatani integrasi tanaman lada dengan ternak kambing dan pola usahatani secara tradisional. Hasil analisisregresi fungsi produksi pada kedua pola usahatani tersebut menunjukkan bahwa luas lahan, pupuk anorganik N, danpupuk organik berpengaruh positif, sedangkan fungisida berpengaruh negatif terhadap produksi. Selain fungisida,pupuk SP-36 pada pola tradisional juga berpengaruh negatif. Dilihat dari tes efisiensi alokatif maka kedua polausahatani lada belum efisien secara ekonomis. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh belum efisiennya penggunaan pupukanorganik N, dan berlebihnya fungisida pada pola integrasi, sedangkan pada pola tradisional faktor produksi yangbelum efisien adalah pupuk urea dan pupuk kandang, sedangkan pupuk SP-36, fungisida dan tenaga kerja sudah tidakefisien lagi penggunaannya. Oleh karena itu untuk mencapai produksi optimal dan keuntungan maksimal maka perludilakukan penambahan input produksi yang belum efisien dan menguranginya apabila sudah berlebih.Kata kunci : efisiensi, faktor produksi, pola integrasi, pola tradisional, lada

Sebaran Efisiensi Teknis Berdasarkan Sumber Inefisiensi pada Usahatani Jagung Di Kabupaten Kendal, Jawa Tengah Distribution of Technical Efficiency Based on Source of Inefficiency in Maize Farming in Kendal District, Central Java Sahara, Dewi; Kurniaty, Elly; Basuki, Seno; Hermawan, Agus
JURNAL PANGAN Vol 28, No 2 (2019): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

Abstrak Kabupaten Kendal merupakan salah satu sentra produksi jagung di Provinsi Jawa Tengah dengan produktivitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan produktivitas provinsi. Produktivitas tersebut diperoleh petani melalui penggunaan input produksi secara efisien. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaan teknologi usahatani jagung, mengetahui efisiensi dan sumber inefisiensi serta penyebaran efisiensi berdasarkan sumber-sumber inefisiensi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Wirosari, Kecamatan Patean, Kabupaten Kendal pada bulan Agustus ? November 2018. Penelitian menggunakan data primer yang diperoleh melalui metode survey pada 30 petani responden. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan fungsi produksi stochastic frontier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa efisiensi teknis usahatani jagung masih rendah dengan rata-rata 0,57. Rendahnya efisiensi ini disebabkan oleh umur dan pendidikan petani, serta pengalaman usahatani. Dengan bertambahnya pengalaman usahatani, umur petani semakin bertambah sehingga efisiensi semakin berkurang karena kemampuan fisik petani semakin berkurang. Disamping dua faktor tersebut, pendidikan yang tinggi justru menjadi penyebab terjadinya inefisiensi usahatani. Oleh karena itu untuk meningkatkan efisiensi usahatani perlu upaya untuk meningkatkan daya tarik di sektor pertanian, antara lain berupa fasilitasi teknologi digital hingga ke pedesaan dan program pertukaran pemuda tani. kata kunci: efisiensi, jagung, sumber inefisiensi, sector pertanian Abstract Kendal District is one of the maize production centers in Central Java Province with higher productivity than provincial productivity. These productivity is obtained by farmers by using production inputs efficiently. This study aimed to determine the performance of maize farming technology, to know the efficiency and sources of inefficiency, and to spread efficiency based on sources of inefficiency. The study was conducted in Wirosari Village, Patean Subdistrict, Kendal District in August ? November 2019. Primary data was collected through survey method by interviewing 30 respondents. The data was analyzed by the stochastic frontier production function. The results showed that the technical efficiency of maize farming was still low which was 0.57. The low efficiency was caused by the age, education, and of farming experience of farmer. With the increase in farming experience, the age of farmers is increasing so that efficiency decreases because farmers' physical abilities diminish. Therefore, to improve farming efficiency, efforts need to be made to increase attractiveness in the agricultural sector, including facilitation of digital technology to the countryside and youth farmer exchange programs. keywords: efficiency, maize, inefficiency sources, agricultural sector

KAJIAN PENINGKATAN PRODUKTIVITAS VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU PADI GOGO DI LAHAN SAWAH TADAH HUJAN STUDY ON INCREASING PRODUCTIVITY OF NEW SUPERIOR VARIETIES UPLAND RICE IN RAIN-FED RICE FIELDS Winarni, Endah; Sahara, Dewi
JURNAL PANGAN Vol 29, No 1 (2020): PANGAN
Publisher : Perum BULOG

AbstrakVarietas unggul baru (VUB) merupakan salah satu solusi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi gogo. Tujuan pengkajian untuk mengetahui : 1) keragaan pertumbuhan tanaman, 2) tingkat serangan hama, dan 3) produktivitas (VUB) padi gogo di lahan sawah tadah hujan. Kegiatan pengkajian dilaksanakan di Desa Pucung, Kecamatan Bancak, Kabupaten Semarang, pada bulan Mei ? Agustus 2016. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di lahan petani dengan metode OFCOR (On Farm Client Oriented Research) seluas 6,5 ha, terbagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu Inpago 5 (1,6 ha), Inpago 8 (1,25 ha), Inpago 9 (1,1 ha), Inpari 19 (1,3 ha) dan lokal/Umbul (1,25 ha). Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa daya tumbuh benih VUB padi gogo 87,31?99,92%, pada umur 90 HST tanaman tertinggi pada varietas Inpago 8, sedangkan jumlah anakan tertinggi pada Inpari 19. Jenis hama yang ditemui adalah penggerek batang dan hama putih palsu pada Inpari 19 dengan tingkat serangan masing-masing 32% dan 7,4 %. Produktivitas gabah tertinggi diperoleh pada Inpago 8, yaitu 5,52 ton/ha GKG, sedangkan produktivitas varietas lainnya berkisar antara 4,63?5,31 ton/ha GKG. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut maka untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi gogo di lahan sawah tadah hujan dapat mengembangkan varietas Inpago 8. kata kunci : padi gogo, produksi, sawah tadah hujan, varietas unggul baru AbstractNew superior varieties (NSV) is one of the solutions to increase the productivity of upland rice. This study aimed to know : 1) the performance of plant growth, 2) the level of pest attack, and 3) the NSV productivity of upland rice in rain-fed rice fields. The study was conducted in Pucung Village, Bancak Dubdistrict, Semarang Districk in May-August 2016. The activity was carried out on the farmer's land using the OFCOR (On Farm Client Oriented Research) method in area of 6.5 ha, divided into Inpago 5 (1.6 ha), Inpago 8 (1.25 ha), Inpago 9 (1.1 ha), Inpari 19 (1.3 ha) and local/Umbul (1.25 Ha). The results showed that the vigor percentage of NSV seeds 87,31?99,92%, at the age of 90 DAP, the highest plant height was in the Inpago 8, while the highest number of tillers was Inpari 19. The types of pests found were stem borer and fake white pests on Inpari 19 with attack rates of 32% and 7.4% respectively. The highest productivity was obtained at Inpago 8 with 5,52 tons/ha of MPD, while the productivity of other varieties ranged from 4,63 ? 5,31 tons/ha of MPD. Based on these results, to improve the productivity of upland rice in rain-fed rice fields can develop Inpago 8 varieties. key words: upland rice, productivity, new superior varieties

The potential of biochar and compost from sugarcane bagasse on growth, yield, nutrient uptake of shallot and properties of an Inceptisol Zu'amah, Hidayatuz; Handayani, Cicik Oktasari; Dewi, Triyani; Arianti, Forita Dyah; Beti, Jajuk Aneka; Jufri, Akhmad; Rosjidi, Mochamad; Sahara, Dewi; Maro'ah, Siti; Syamsiyah, Jauhari
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.123.7559

Excessive pesticide use and intensive shallot farming to satisfy high market demand can degrade soil quality and harm environmental sustainability. Sustainable agricultural practices, such as biochar and compost are alternatives to ensure long-term soil productivity and fertility. This study aimed to investigate the ability of biochar and compost made from bagasse waste to improve shallot growth, yield, nutrient absorption, and soil quality. The research used a factorial randomized block design in a greenhouse. The first factor was the application of biochar and compost (K1 = compost, K2 = biochar, K3 = biochar-compost (1:4/w:w) and K4 = biochar-compost (1:2/w:w), and the second factor was the dose of NPK fertilizer (0%, 50%, and 100% of the recommended dose). The planting medium used was an Inceptisol from shallot fields in Sukaharjo, Central Java. The variables measured included plant growth, yield components, soil chemical properties, and levels of N, P, and K in plants. The results showed that the combination of compost with 100% NPK fertilizer gave better results in plant growth, fresh and dry weight of plants and tubers, increased organic C, total N, and CEC of the soil, and increased the absorption of N, P, and K by plants.

Sorghum Development in Indonesia: Market Efficiency and Partnership Model Approach Widodo, Sugeng; Sulistyawati Purwaning Rahayu, Heni; Laksono, Pandu; Fahmi, Diah Arina; Triastono, Joko; Sahara, Dewi; Kristamtini; Sutardi; Budi Pustika, Arlyna; Widyayanti, Setyorini; Muazam, Arif; Purwaningsih, Heni
AGRARIS: Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development Research Vol. 11 No. 1: January-June 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/agraris.v11i1.441

Sorghum is a drought-tolerant crop that can contribute to Indonesia’s food security and income generation. However, this potential often fails to improve farmers’ income and welfare unless accompanied by economic feasibility, particularly in marketing practices. This study examined market efficiency and partnership models in sorghum development in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta and Central Java Provinces. The research analyzed the marketing cost, marketing margin, farmers’ share, and partnership cultivation models of the sorghum. The data were collected through surveys, interviews, and observations to 120 sorghum farmers and 60 traders. The study utilized descriptive statistics, ANOVA to compare farmers’ share in the different marketing channels, and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select the partnership models. The results unveiled Channel II which consisting of farmers, village collector traders, traders outside the city or regency, and national companies, produced the highest marketing margin. Meanwhile, Channel III, comprising farmers, village collector traders, and the local feed industry, generated the highest farmers’ share. The study revealed that sole proprietorship partnerships were the farmers' dominant choice in the sorghum business. Nevertheless, the partnership model with feed industry had also formed in the research area.

Partnerships Between Sugarcane Factories and Farmers: Performance, Waste Management, and Perception Analysis Sahara, Dewi; Dewi, Triyani; Handayani, Cicik Oktasari; Zu'amah, Hidayatuz; Arianti, Forita Dyah
Agro Ekonomi Vol 36 (2025): ARTICLE IN PRESS
Publisher : Department of Agricultural Socio-Economics Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/ae.107962

Sugarcane plays a crucial role in sugar production, but its supply has declined due to land conversion and inefficient systems, which has led to reduced sugar output. Partnerships between farmers and sugar factories are a strategic alternative to increase productivity. This study aims to evaluate sugar factories’ performance, sugarcane waste management, the partnership system with farmers, and farmers' perceptions of the impact of partnerships on the production system and the socioeconomics impact on the community. This research was conducted at three sugar factories in Indonesia (Madukismo, Trangkil, and Mojo Sugar Factories) from March to September 2024. The methods used in this study include in-depth interviews, observations, and surveys. The data were analyzed using descriptive and scoring methods. The results showed that sugar factories produce white crystal sugar, distribute it to retail stores, and sell it to wholesalers through an open auction system. Some sugarcane waste is utilized as fuel for factories and processed into alcohol. The partnership between sugarcane farmers and sugar factories provides mutual benefits in which farmers receive guidance in the production process and access to business capital banking. In contrast, sugar factories receive adequate sugarcane supplies in quantity and quality. Farmers positively perceive the sugarcane production system and its socio-economic impact on the community through this partnership. Farmers' perceptions are a supporting factor for the sustainability of partnerships between sugarcane farmers and sugar factories. Policy implications emphasize the importance of factory management in building sustainable partnerships through fair contracts, technical support, access to capital, and environmentally friendly waste management innovations.

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