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All Journal Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Kumawula: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Abdi: Media Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Jurnal Pijar MIPA Unesa Journal of Chemistry Molekul: Jurnal Ilmiah Kimia Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences
Samik Samik
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Aerospace Engineering Humanities Automotive Engineering Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Social Sciences Other

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Characterization of Lapindo Mud-Based Nanocatalyst and Quality Testing of Biodiesel from Used Cooking Oil via Transesterification Reaction Taqiya, Rufaidah Zulfa; Samik, Samik
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 13 No 1 (2025): Edition for May 2025
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/ijcr.2025.13-ruf

Abstract

This study explores the transesterification of used cooking oil using a Lapindo mud-based nanocatalyst and evaluates the resulting biodiesel quality. The reaction was carried out via the reflux method for 2 hours at 65°C, with a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9:1 and a catalyst-to-oil weight ratio of 3:100. The high SiO₂ metal oxide content in Lapindo mud functions as a heterogeneous catalyst. Nanocatalyst synthesis involved calcination followed by ball milling. Characterization confirmed the presence of SiO₂: FTIR analysis identified Si-O-Si functional groups at 1168 cm⁻¹, XRD revealed SiO₂ crystals at 2θ values of 20.18°, 26.68°, 42.40°, and others, while XRF showed 47.0% SiO₂ content. PSA results indicated a particle size distribution of 514.3 ± 361.8 nm. Biodiesel analysis using GC-MS showed a methyl ester content of 99.26%. Other quality parameters included density (929.4 kg/m³), viscosity (4.52 mm²/s), water content (0.097%), and acid number (0.50 mg-KOH/g). These findings suggest that the Lapindo mud-based nanocatalyst is highly effective in promoting transesterification and presents a promising, eco-friendly alternative for biodiesel production from used cooking oil.
Development of Active-Smart Packaging: Effect of Chitosan Nanofiber, Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, and Anthocyanin on Gelatine-Based Halochromic Film for Meat Preservation Kusumawati, Nita; Bahar, Asrul; Basukiwardojo, Maria Monica Sianita; Samik, Samik; Rahayu, Nunik Tri; Estiningtyas, Indri Wasa; Kurniawan, Muhammad Ridho Hafid
Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol. 57 No. 3 (2025): Vol. 57 No. 3 (2025): June
Publisher : Directorate for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2025.57.3.7

Abstract

Gelatine-based smart active packaging has the potential to improve the quality of packaged meat and monitor its freshness without having to open it. This research aims to develop halochromic films by combining gelatine films with chitosan nanofibers (CHNF) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs). The addition of nanofillers such as CHNF and ZnONPs has been proven to improve mechanical properties (The humidity decreased by approximately 15.6%, while Young’s modulus increased tenfold) and provide active packaging properties, such as antioxidants (IC50 test decreased 13% from 33,12191 to 28,82021) and antimicrobials against S. aureus (increased from 9,40 to 19.73 for inhibition zone), E. coli (increased from 6.61 to 19.91 of inhibition zone), and P. aeruginosa (increased from 8.63 to 18.65 of inhibition zone). Meanwhile, the smart packaging properties are provided by anthocyanin from telang flowers, which can change color as the freshness of the meat decreases or the acidity of the meat changes. The quality of smart active packaging is reflected in the pH sensitivity, ammonia release, and anthocyanin release. The film's mechanical properties also showed improvement in humidity, Young's modulus, water vapor permeability (WVP), and water solubility. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) characterization analysis showed good compatibility between the gelatine, anthocyanins, CHNF, and ZnONPs matrix. This research result demonstrates that gelatine-based films with a combination of CHNF and ZnONPs can be used to create eco-friendly and multifunctional packaging films for meat preservation.
Synthesis and Characterization of K2O/ACT Catalyst for Biodiesel Production from Beef Fat Waste Putri, Vani Dwi Hani; Samik, Samik
Jurnal Pijar Mipa Vol. 19 No. 2 (2024): March 2024
Publisher : Department of Mathematics and Science Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram. Jurnal Pijar MIPA colaborates with Perkumpulan Pendidik IPA Indonesia Wilayah Nusa Tenggara Barat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jpm.v19i2.6421

Abstract

The increasing use of petroleum as fuel has depleted fuel, so alternative fuels such as biodiesel are needed because they are environmentally friendly and come from vegetable and animal sources. Therefore, this article presents biodiesel production from beef fat using a K2O/ACT heterogeneous base catalyst derived from egg shells. The Eggshell becomes a CaO catalyst after 3 hours of calcination at 900°C. The K2O/ACT catalyst was synthesized by impregnating CaO with KOH and characterized using XRD and BET. The K2O/ACT catalyst was compared to the CaO catalyst for transesterification activity under appropriate conditions (reaction temperature 65°C, catalyst loading 3% by weight, oil to methanol molar ratio 1:12, and reaction time 3 hours). The catalytic activity of the catalyst was determined to be 98.40% Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME). The insertion of K2O into the CaO catalyst increases the basicity characteristics, thereby increasing the catalytic activity of transesterification.
Co-Authors Amalia Putri Purnamasari Asrul Bahar Auliya, AR. Sella Budiman, Aditya Arif Dina Kartika Maharani DINA KARTIKA MAHARANI Ervina Retnaningtyas Indarwati Estiningtyas, Indri Wasa Hery Widijanto I GUST MADE SANJAYA Ishma, Ervina Fadhilatul ISMONO ISMONO Khafidlah, Ianatul Koestiari, Toeti Koestiari Kurniawan, Muhammad Ridho Hafid M Iqbal Al Ghifari M. Iqbal Al Ghifari Maria Monica Sianita Maria Monica Sianita Maria Monica Sianita Basukiwardojo Monica, Maria Mufid, Mohammad Fakhrul Mukhlash Imaduddin Naulia, Kaila Nita Kusumawati Nita Kusumawati NURUL HIDAJATI Nurzulla, Weka Firda Rizki Pirim Setiarso Putri, Vani Dwi Hani Rahayu, Nunik Tri Ramadanti, Awanda Halida Rhamdiyah, Fastabiqul Khairati Safitri, Rizka Dwi Sanjaya, IGM Siti Novita Sari Ulfa Supari Muslim Suyatno Suyatno Taqiya, Rufaidah Zulfa Tukiran Tukiran