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<![CDATA[SINTESIS BIOADITIF GASOLINE MELALUI KETALISASI GLISEROL MENGGUNAKAN KATALISATOR PADAT ]]>
<![CDATA[Nuryoto, Nuryoto]]>;
<![CDATA[Sulistyo, Hary]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Perdana, Indra]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 5, No 2 (2016): December 2016 [Nationally Accredited] ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Semarang State University ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v5i2.7431
<![CDATA[Utilization of glycerol side product from biodiesel as waste management application is required for reduced  negative effect which possible emerged. Glycerol have three bond of hydroxyde, so its opportunity to utilize to be solketal as bio-additive of gasoline. Indion 225 Na ion exchanger resin is strong acid cation category and low prices, so its potency to use alternatively of solid catalyst to get efficient and economic process. The purpose of this research was focussed to search  of the best condition by optimalization indion 225 Na performance as catalyst in glycerol ketalization reaction, by integrated of variables that have effected to reaction for maximize glycerol coversion. To get maximize of reactants molecular interaction and for optimalization indion 255 Na performance, observation conducted in the range variables which widely enough that were reactant ratio of 5:1-6:1 mole of acetone mole/mole of glycerol, diameter size catalyst of 20-40 mesh, catalyst concentration of 3-5% mass of acetone, and reaction temperature of 35-65oC. Result of the research showed that indion 225 Na catalyst have good performance, by glycerol conversion to reach of 51.89%. Glycerol conversion mentioned was obtained at reactant ratio of 6:1 mole of acetone/mole of gycerol, diameter size catalyst of 40 mesh, catalyst concentration of 4% mass of acetone, and reaction temperature of 65oC.]]>
<![CDATA[MODIFICATION OF IRON OXIDE CATALYSTS SUPPORTED ON THE BIOMASS BASED ACTIVATED CARBON FOR DEGRADATION OF DYE WASTEWATER ]]>
<![CDATA[Amelia, Shinta]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Mufrodi, Zahrul]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariyanto, Teguh]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 7, No 2 (2018): December 2018 [Nationally Accredited] ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v7i2.17174
<![CDATA[Methylene blue is one of the dyes in textile industries which has a negative impact on the environment. This compound is very stable, so it is difficult to degrade naturally. Methylene blue can be harmful to the environment if it is in a very large concentration, because it can increase the value of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) which can damage the balance of environment ecosystem. Adsorption method by using activated carbon as the adsorbent is one of the most efficient and effective techniques in dye removal due to its large adsorption capacity. However, the adsorption method using activated carbon only removes the pollutant compounds to other media or phases. Other method that can be used includes Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). This method has the advantage of being able to degrade harmful compounds in the waste through oxidation (oxidative degradation) processes. One method of AOPs is the process by using Fenton reagents. This study was aimed to prepare and characterize iron oxide/porous activated carbon catalyst. The type of porous activated carbon used was carbon from biomass derived carbon with microporous character. This biomass carbon is obtained from renewable natural products, namely coconut shell.The kinetics and adsorption models in the material will be derived and evaluated from the research data. Based on the research, it can be concluded that catalytic degradation is very effective for degradation of dye wastewater. Methylene blue degradation increases with the use of Fe2O3/activated carbon catalyst and the addition of hydrogen peroxide as the Fenton reagent. In addition, the pore structure difference in the catalyst also had a significant effect on the methylene blue degradation reaction resulting in increased capacity of methylene blue degradation reactions.]]>
<![CDATA[Comparison of Formulation Methods to Produce Nano-Chitosan as Inhibitor Agent for Bacterial Growth ]]>
<![CDATA[Nugraheni, Prihati Sih]]>;
<![CDATA[Soeriyadi, Alexander H.]]>;
<![CDATA[Ustadi, Ustadi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Budhijanto, Wiratni]]>
<![CDATA[ Journal of Engineering and Technological Sciences Vol 51, No 3 (2019) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[ITB Journal Publisher, LPPM ITB ]]>
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DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2019.51.3.9
<![CDATA[Chitosan is known as an antibacterial agent. The effective surface area ratio of chitosan can be increased by modification into nanoparticles. Nano-chitosan can be prepared with several simple methods, i.e. precipitation, ionic gelation, or the polyelectrolyte complex method. This study compared these three methods in terms of the targeted product characteristics, i.e. stability of the average nanoparticle size as well as the colloidal dispersion, and the antibacterial characteristics. All three methods resulted in nanoparticle formation, but in the precipitation method significant zeta potential reduction was observed due to the presence of negative ions from the alkali that neutralized the chitosan amine group. The ionic gelation method yielded higher zeta potential and higher inhibition of bacterial growth than those yielded by the polyelectrolyte complex method. Ionic gelation and the polyelectrolyte complex method resulted in much better colloidal dispersion stability than the precipitation method, where a significant particle size increase was observed after one week of storage. This result indicates that both ionic gelation and the polyelectrolyte complex method can be used for forming nano-chitosan for the purpose of food preservation. However, for fishery products it is advisable to use the polyelectrolyte complex method because the TPP usually used in ionic gelation is not allowed to be applied to fish.]]>
<![CDATA[Kinetics of Sulfide Removal in Biofilter Employing Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria on Salak Fruit Seeds ]]>
<![CDATA[Lestari, Retno Ambarwati Sigit]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Sarto, Sarto]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 8, No 2 (2019): December 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2] ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Universitas Negeri Semarang ]]>
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DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v8i2.22356
<![CDATA[Sulfur-oxidizing bacterias were isolated then grown on salak fruit seeds forming bio-film. Their performances in sulfide removal were experimentally observed. The salak fruit seeds were then used as packing material in a cylinder. Liquid containing 83 ppm of sodium sulfide was flown through the bed. Then the sulfide concentrations in the outlet at various times were analyzed. A set of simple kinetics model for the rate of the sulfide removal and the bacterial growth was proposed. The axial sulfide concentration gradient in the flowing liquid are assumed to be quasi-steady-state. Mean while the bio-film grows on the surface of the seeds and the sulfide oxidation takes place in the bio-film. Since the bio-film is very thin, the sulfide concentration in the bio-film is assumed to be uniform. The simultaneous ordinary differential equations obtained were then solved numerically using Runge-Kutta method. The accuracy of the model proposed was tested by comparing the calculation results using the model with the experimental data obtained. It turned out that the model proposed can be applied to quantitatively describe the removal of sulfide in liquid using bio-filter in packed bed. The values of the parameters were also obtained by curve-fitting.]]>
<![CDATA[Biohydrogen Production by Reusing Immobilized Mixed Culture in Batch System ]]>
<![CDATA[Damayanti, Astrilia]]>;
<![CDATA[Sarto, Sarto]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>
<![CDATA[ International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University ]]>
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DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.1.37-42
<![CDATA[Biohydrogen production via dark fermentation is a prospective renewable energy technology. In the process, reused of immobilized mixed culture is very important as their activities greatly influencehydrogen production. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reuse of alginate beads affecting the biohydrogen production for 45 days. This study in batch reactor were performed using glucose 10 M as substrate, alginate and activated carbon as immobilization matrix materials, chicken eggshell as buffer, and cow dung biodigester as mixed culture. Hydrogen and pH on fermentation product are investigated by gas chromatography (GC) technique and pH meter, respectively. The colony diameter on immobilized and co-immobilized mixed culture was observed using optical microscope and colony diameter was measured using Image-Pro Plus Software v4.5.0.29. The surface morphology of immobilization and co-immobilization beads were determined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the colonies growth observed using optical microscopy or SEM was apparent only in the immobilization of mixed culture. The average growth and diameter of colonies per day were 90 colonies and 0.025 mm, respectively. The weight of beads and pH during the 45-day fermentation process for bead immobilization of mixed culture were 1.32–1.95 g and 6.25–6.62, correspondingly, meanwhile, the co-immobilizations of the mixed culture were 1.735–2.21g and 6.25–6.61, respectively. In addition, the average hydrogen volume of glucose fermented using an eggshell buffer and reusing the immobilization and co-immobilization beads was 18.91 mL for 15 cycles.©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved]]>
<![CDATA[PENGARUH DIAMETER NOZZLE TERHADAP DIAMETER GEL PADA PROSES GELASI EKSTERNAL KERNEL CERIA STABILIZED ZIRCONIA (CSZ) ]]>
<![CDATA[Nurwidyaningrum, Kristanti]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Perdana, Indra]]>
<![CDATA[ Urania : Jurnal Ilmiah Daur Bahan Bakar Nuklir Vol 25, No 3 (2019): Oktober, 2019 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[website ]]>
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DOI: 10.17146/urania.2019.25.3.5592
<![CDATA[PENGARUH DIAMETER NOZZLE TERHADAP DIAMETER GEL PADA PROSES GELASI EKSTERNAL KERNEL CERIA STABILIZED ZIRCONIA (CSZ). Pengembangan teknologi bahan bakar nuklir diperlukan untuk dapat membuat bahan bakar sesuai dengan spesifikasi yang dipersyaratkan. Dalam produksi partikel terlapis yang memenuhi persyaratan untuk bahan bakar reaktor gas temperatur tinggi, diperlukan produksi kernel yang memenuhi kendali kualitas dan jaminan mutu dari persyaratan kernel. Salah satu persyaratan kendali kualitas untuk kernel adalah kontrol diameter. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan diameter nozzle sehingga dapat memprediksi ukuran butiran gel yang diperoleh dari proses gelasi eksternal dengan mengkorelasikan variabel densitas umpan, viskositas umpan, tegangan muka larutan umpan dan diameter nozzle secara kuantitatif dengan metode analisis dimensi dalam bentuk bilangan tidak berdimensi. Pembuatan kernel CSZ dilakukan dengan penyiapan larutan umpan. Larutan umpan terdiri dari campuran ZrO(NO3)2.2H2O dan Ce(NO3)3.6H2O, urea, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) dan poly vinyl alcohol (PVA). Proses gelasi eksternal dilakukan dengan cara meneteskan larutan umpan ke dalam kolom gelasi yang berisi medium ammonium hidroksida sehingga terbentuk gel CSZ. Pembentukan droplet terjadi pada saat larutan umpan melewati nozzle. Diameter gel yang terbentuk dapat dihitung dengan mengkorelasikan diameter nozzle dan sifat fisis dari larutan umpan menggunakan analisis dimensi. Diameter gel hasil eksperimen diukur dengan menggunakan mikroskop optik. Diameter gel yang diperoleh dari persamaan bilangan tak berdimensi menunjukkan hasil yang tidak terlalu berbeda dengan diameter gel eksperimen, walaupun terdapat beberapa penyimpangan hasil yang diperoleh. Dari diameter gel eksperimen dan persamaan bilangan tak berdimensi menunjukkan bahwa diameter nozzle berbanding lurus dengan diameter gel.Kata Kunci: gelasi eksternal, diameter, nozzle.]]>
<![CDATA[Sintesis Surfaktan Non-ionik Berbasis Asam Palmitat Melalui Reaksi Esterifikasi dengan Gliserol ]]>
<![CDATA[Purbaningdyah, Emma]]>;
<![CDATA[Sulistyo, Hary]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>
<![CDATA[ Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" ]]>
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<![CDATA[Esterification of glycerol using the fatty acids is one of methods that is widely used in the conversion of glycerol to synthesize products containing monoacylglycerol (MAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG). Among the various types of surfactants, monoacylglycerol (MAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG) are the most widely used of non-ionic surfactants in many industries such as food, pharmacy and cosmetic. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature on the conversion of palmitic acid and the concentration fraction of products. This research was conducted in a batch system with the temperature variations of 80°C, 100°C and 120°C; using 1% HCl catalyst concentration of palmitic acid mass, and reactant mole ratio of 1:1 (glycerol: palmitic acid). Samples were taken every 10 min during 120 min of reaction, to be analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) to determine the concentration fraction of products. The experimental results showed that increasing temperature enhanced the products formation, thus, increased the fraction concentration of products. However, the highest conversion of palmitic acid (80.14%) was obtained at 120°C, with concentration fraction of 1.67% monoacylglycerol (MAG), 10.96% diacylglycerol (DAG) and 6.01% triacylglycerol (TAG).]]>
<![CDATA[Pemodelan Dekomposisi Ammonium Carbamate pada Tekanan Tinggi di Pabrik Urea ]]>
<![CDATA[Sunarya, Rahmat]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Hidayat, Muslikhin]]>
<![CDATA[ Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" ]]>
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<![CDATA[Urea acts as a nitrogen-based fertilizer to boost crop production and prevent a worldwide hunger crisis. Considering ways to make urea production in existing plants more environmentally friendly, a detailed study has been conducted on the high-pressure stripper, in which the equipment uses intensive energy to decompose ammonium carbamate. The mathematical model was prepared using the two-film theory. The UNIQUAC and Redlich-Kwong equations of state have been used to express nonideality in the NH3-CO2-H2O-urea system under high pressure and temperature circumstances. Due to the lack of transport properties in extreme conditions, the properties were estimated using a theoretical method. The present study obtained the mass-transfer coefficient in dimensionless form and . Moreover, the heat-transfer coefficient was calculated using the Chilton-Colburn analogy. The proposed model result matches what is expected with the commercial plant data. Furthermore, with less than 5% relative deviations, the model deserves significant consideration for any practical use in high-pressure stripper simulation]]>
<![CDATA[Sintesis Asil Gliserol Melalui Reaksi Esterifikasi Asam Oleat dengan Gliserol ]]>
<![CDATA[Husada, Caesar Purnama]]>;
<![CDATA[Sulistyo, Hary]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>
<![CDATA[ Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2023: PROSIDING SNTKK 2023 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" ]]>
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<![CDATA[Acyl glycerol derivatives from oleic acid, especially monoacylglycerol (MAG) and diacylglycerol (DAG), are products that is widely used in the food, lubricant, and cosmetic industries. Acyl glycerol can be obtained through esterification reaction of glycerol with fatty acids. This study aims to determine the effect of temperature on the conversion and amount of acyl glycerol produced. This research was conducted using a batch system with temperature variations of 80°C, 100°C, and 120°C with HCl 1%wt as catalyst and 1:1 reactant mole ratio (glycerol: oleic acid) for 2 hours reaction time. Samples were taken every 10 minutes, then the samples were analyzed using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) to determine the fraction of the product produced. The experimental results showed that increasing the temperature will produce higher conversions and acyl glycerols. The highest conversion of oleic acid occurred at 120°C (43.016%), with mole percentage of 1,796% monoacylglycerol (MAG), 3,820% diacylglycerol (DAG), and 5,813% triacylglycerol (TAG).]]>
<![CDATA[Batch filtration model of proanthocyanidins purification process from sorghum pericarp extract using polyethersulfone membrane ]]>
<![CDATA[Afandy, Moh. Azhar]]>;
<![CDATA[Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi]]>;
<![CDATA[Hidayat, Muslikhin]]>;
<![CDATA[Susanti, Devi Yuni]]>;
<![CDATA[Sawali, Fikrah Dian Indrawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Mustikaningrum, Mega]]>
<![CDATA[ Jurnal Rekayasa Proses Vol 18 No 1 (2024): Volume 18, Number 1, 2024 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurnal Rekayasa Proses ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/jrekpros.90292
<![CDATA[Sorghum is one type of plant rich in polyphenol chemicals, one of which is proanthocyanidin. The goal of this work was to construct a filtration equation model for the purification of proanthocyanidin compounds in sorghum pericarp extracts utilizing ultrafiltration methods at varied transmembrane pressures and molecular weight cut-off values on asymmetric polyethersulfone (PES) membranes. The pressure difference and size of MWCO were used to determine the rate of cake formation induced by fouling and concentration polarization. The model suggested in this work is based on a compressible filtration model that can represent the decrease in permeability values and the cake formation process produced by the compression of particles deposited on the surface of the membrane. The results reveal that the transmembrane pressure and MWCO considerably affect the performance of the proanthocyanidins separation process employing ultrafiltration membrane technology. The higher the transmembrane pressure, the higher the permeation flow rate. The effect of MWCO on permeability varies with the type of membrane and fluid employed. The larger the MWCO, the higher the permeability since the membrane pores are more significant and more accessible for the liquid to pass through. The high transmembrane pressure not only helps the feed flow swiftly through the membrane and overcomes the resistance but also encourages substance accumulation until the bulge component drops, resulting in a blocking mechanism in the surface or pore of the membrane. The batch filtration model suggested in this work exhibits a reasonably good fit, which can be seen from the projected data values using a model that tends to approach the experimental data values and may be employed as a model that depicts the cake-forming process on the membrane surface.]]>
