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STUDI METODE PENAMBAHAN PERAK NITRAT PADA SARINGAN KERAMIK TERHADAP Escherichia coli PADA AIR MINUM Nugroho, Ariyanto; Sutomo, Adi Heru; Iravati, Susi; Sarto, Sarto; Wijaya, Yulia Rina
Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 2 (2015): JURNAL KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT (KEMAS) JANUARY 2015
Publisher : Jurusan Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i2.3386

Problematika air tercemar mikrobiologis di Yogyakarta berdasar hasil pemantauan rutin oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kota Yogyakarta pada tahun 2011 menunjukkan bahwa pada parameter mikrobiologis terdapat 596 (67%) sumber air bersih (sumur) penduduk belum memenuhi syarat sesuai Permenkes 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010, demikian juga pada tahun 2010 dan 2009 masing masing 68,8% dan 63,2% dari sampel yang diperiksa, sedangkan untuk pemeriksaan terhadap air perpipaan (PDAM) pada tahun 2011 masih terdapat 8,9 % dari sampel yang tidak memenuhi syarat. Hal tersebut terjadi pada pemukiman padat penduduk yang disebabkan keterbatasan lahan sehingga jarak antara peresapan jamban dengan sumur penduduk kurang dari persyaratan.Â Penggunaan Filter Keramik sebagai pengolahan air pada tingkat rumah tangga telah banyak dipelajari dan diteliti Riset filter keramik dikembangkan untuk persiapan keadaan darurat bencana dan pemukiman padat penduduk. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2013-2014 dengan menggunakan rancangan analitik observasional, dengan pendekatan pre test-postest group design dengan analisis kuantitatif eksperimen dilaksanakan didalam laboratorium. Hasil menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan pada metode penambahan perak nitrat ke dalam saringan keramik, sehingga pengembangan saringan keramik lebih mudah dan sangat memungkinkan menjadi alternatif untuk penyediaan air bersih dan layak konsumsi terutama pada keadaan darurat kebencanaanProblems of microbiologically contaminated water in Yogyakarta based on the results of routine monitoring by the City Health Office Yogyakarta in 2011 showed that the microbiological parameters are 596 (67%) of clean water sources (wells) population is not eligible in accordance Permenkes 492 / Menkes / Per / IV / 2010 , as well as in 2010 and 2009, respectively 68.8% and 63.2% of the samples examined, while for the examination of water piped (PDAM) in 2011, there are 8.9% of the sample were not eligible. It occurs in a densely populated residential area due to limited so that the distance between the infiltration wells latrine with a population less than the requirement. Use of Ceramic Filter as water treatment at household level has been widely studied and researched Research ceramic filters developed for the preparation of emergency response and densely populated area. This study used observational analytic design, the pretest-posttest approach to group design with quantitative analysis experiments were carried out in the laboratory. The results showed no difference in the method of adding silver nitrate into the ceramic filters, so that the development of ceramic filters easier and it is possible to be an alternative to the provision of clean and potable water, especially in an emergency disaster.

Pengaruh Ukuran dan Fraksi Organik Terhadap Kuantitas dan Kualitas Timbulan Lindi ., Kasam; ., Sarto; Syamsiah, Siti; Prasetyo, Agus
Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi Lingkungan Vol 5, No 1 (2013): SAINS & TEKNOLOGI LINGKUNGAN
Publisher : Teknik Lingkungan Universitas Islam Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Timbunan sampah pada landfill (TPA) akan mengalami degradasi dan akan menghasilkan cairan (lindi) baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya. Kuantitas dan kualitas timbulan lindi dari sampah perkotaan akan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti: komposisi dan karakteristik sampah, kadar air, umur sampah dan kondisi cuaca (iklim). Pada kegiatan studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi sampah (jumlah fraksi organik) dan karakteristik sampah (ukuran butiran) terhadap karakteristik timbulan lindi. Dalam rangka untuk mendapatkan tujuan studi, maka metode yang diterapkan adalah melakukan percobaan laboratorium menggunakan reaktor biodegradasi volume 1500 mL. Dalam percobaan ini digunakan dua kelompok reaktor yaitu; kelompok pertama, digunakan untuk pengujian pengaruh persentase fraksi organik, sedangkan kelompok kedua dimaksudkan untuk pengujian pengaruh ukuran butiran sampah terhadap karakteristik lindi. Sebagai parameter kualitas lindi ditentukan TSS, BOD, dan COD, sedangkan parameter kuantitas lindi adalah volume cairan yang keluar dari reaktor. Berdasarkan hasil percobaan diketahui bahwa jumlah (persentase) fraksi organik dan ukuran butiran sampah dapat berpengaruh terhadap karakteristik timbulan lindi. Secara keseluruhan konsentrasi TSS, BOD, dan COD semakin besar sejalan dengan bertambahnya persentase fraksi organik. Hal yang sama terjadi untuk ukuran butiran samaph semakin kecil, maka TSS, BOD, dan COD semakin besar. Adapun volume timbulan lindi Kata Kunci : Sampah perkotaan, degradasi, karakteristik lindi

Pengolahan air limbah industri penyamakan kulit menggunakan abu terbang bagas secara batch Sholeh, Muhammad; Prasetya, Agus; Sarto, Sarto
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 28, No 1 (2012): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

The objective of this research was to evaluate the adsorption ability of chemically activatedÂ bagasse fly ash using H O or H SO to remove COD from tannery wastewater and to obtain 2 adsorption isotherm model in batch system. Two stages have been carried out, namely the activation experiment and the adsorption isotherm experiment. In the activation experiment, effect of H O dan H SO (3% and 7,5% w/w) were studied. The best result of the variation was used in the next experiment. In the adsorption isotherm experiment, variation of the initial concentrations of COD from 52,53 to 1665,79 mg/L and mass of bagasse fly ash from 0,1 to 0,4 g were used. Equilibrium data was used to evaluate the parameters in the Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin equations. The best model was evaluated using determination coefficients. The results showed that bagas fly ash had better ability to reduce the COD when it was not activated with H O nor H SO (3% and 7,5%). Freundlich model was best to describe COD removal using bagasse fly ash in batch system. Freundlich equation constants K and n were F 0,4360 (mg/g)/(L/mg)1/n and 1,2969 respectively and the determination coefficient obtained was 0,93.Â Â Keywords: Chemical Oxygen Demand, tannery wastewater, bagasse fly ash, adsorption

Pemodelan matematis pengurangan COD dalam air limbah industri penyamakan kulit secara adsorpsi kontinyu menggunakan abu terbang bagas Prasetya, Agus; Sarto, Sarto; Sholeh, Muhammad
Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik Vol 29, No 1 (2013): Majalah Kulit, Karet, dan Plastik
Publisher : Center for Leather, Rubber, and Plastic Ministry of Industry, Indonesia

ABSTRACTThe objective of this research was to obtain suitable mathematical model for ChemicalOxygen Demand (COD) removal originated from tannery wastewater using bagasse fly ash incontinuous system. In the column experiment, effect of flowrate, concentration of wastewater,and bulk density were studied. Three models: Adams-Bohart, Thomas, and Yan were applied toexperimental data to predict the breakthrough curve. The best model was evaluated usingcorrelation coefficients. Yan model was found to give the most accurate to describe dynamicbehavior of the column experiment. The best result was obtained at flowrate of 100 mL/min,concentration of 400 mg/L, and bulk density of 61 g/L. The Yan kinetic constant (k ) and the Yadsorption capacity (q ) were 0.3210 mL/mg/min and 17.0947 mg/g respectively and the Ycorrelation coefficient obtained was 0.9379.Keywords: Chemical Oxygen Demand, tannery wastewater, bagasse fly ash, adsorptionABSTRAKpengurangan COD dalam air limbah industri penyamakan kulit mengunakan abu terbang bagassecara kontinyu. Variasi percobaan adsorpsi dalam kolom yang dilakukan yaitu: kecepatan aliranair limbah, konsentrasi air limbah, dan bobot isi. Persamaan Adams-Bohart, Thomas, dan Yandiaplikasikan ke data percobaan untuk memprediksikan kurva breakthrough. Koefisien korelasidigunakan untuk mengevaluasi model terbaik. Proses pengurangan COD dengan abu terbangbagas secara kontinyu dalam kolom paling cocok dimodelkan dengan model Yan. Hasil terbaikdiperoleh pada kecepatan aliran air limbah 100 mL/menit, konsentrasi air limbah 400 mg/L, danbobot isi 61 g/L. Parameter konstanta kinetika (k ) dan kapasitas adsorpsi (q ) yang diperoleh Y Yberturut-turut sebesar 0,3210 mL/mg/menit dan 17,0947 mg/g dengan nilai koefisien korelasiyang didapatkan yaitu 0,9379.Kata kunci: Chemical Oxygen Demand, air limbah industri penyamakan kulit, abu terbang bagas,adsorpsi

STUDI METODE PENAMBAHAN PERAK NITRAT PADA SARINGAN KERAMIK TERHADAP Escherichia coli PADA AIR MINUM Nugroho, Ariyanto; Sutomo, Adi Heru; Iravati, Susi; Sarto, Sarto; Wijaya, Yulia Rina
KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Vol 10, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Department of Public Health, Faculty of Sport Science, Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/kemas.v10i2.3386

Problematika air tercemar mikrobiologis di Yogyakarta berdasar hasil pemantauan rutin oleh Dinas Kesehatan Kota Yogyakarta pada tahun 2011 menunjukkan bahwa pada parameter mikrobiologis terdapat 596 (67%) sumber air bersih (sumur) penduduk belum memenuhi syarat sesuai Permenkes 492/MENKES/PER/IV/2010, demikian juga pada tahun 2010 dan 2009 masing masing 68,8% dan 63,2% dari sampel yang diperiksa, sedangkan untuk pemeriksaan terhadap air perpipaan (PDAM) pada tahun 2011 masih terdapat 8,9 % dari sampel yang tidak memenuhi syarat. Hal tersebut terjadi pada pemukiman padat penduduk yang disebabkan keterbatasan lahan sehingga jarak antara peresapan jamban dengan sumur penduduk kurang dari persyaratan.Â Penggunaan Filter Keramik sebagai pengolahan air pada tingkat rumah tangga telah banyak dipelajari dan diteliti Riset filter keramik dikembangkan untuk persiapan keadaan darurat bencana dan pemukiman padat penduduk. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tahun 2013-2014 dengan menggunakan rancangan analitik observasional, dengan pendekatan pre test-postest group design dengan analisis kuantitatif eksperimen dilaksanakan didalam laboratorium. Hasil menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan pada metode penambahan perak nitrat ke dalam saringan keramik, sehingga pengembangan saringan keramik lebih mudah dan sangat memungkinkan menjadi alternatif untuk penyediaan air bersih dan layak konsumsi terutama pada keadaan darurat kebencanaanProblems of microbiologically contaminated water in Yogyakarta based on the results of routine monitoring by the City Health Office Yogyakarta in 2011 showed that the microbiological parameters are 596 (67%) of clean water sources (wells) population is not eligible in accordance Permenkes 492 / Menkes / Per / IV / 2010 , as well as in 2010 and 2009, respectively 68.8% and 63.2% of the samples examined, while for the examination of water piped (PDAM) in 2011, there are 8.9% of the sample were not eligible. It occurs in a densely populated residential area due to limited so that the distance between the infiltration wells latrine with a population less than the requirement. Use of Ceramic Filter as water treatment at household level has been widely studied and researched Research ceramic filters developed for the preparation of emergency response and densely populated area. This study used observational analytic design, the pretest-posttest approach to group design with quantitative analysis experiments were carried out in the laboratory. The results showed no difference in the method of adding silver nitrate into the ceramic filters, so that the development of ceramic filters easier and it is possible to be an alternative to the provision of clean and potable water, especially in an emergency disaster.

The influence of electrocoagulation to the reduction of COD, BOD, and TSS of Batik Industry wastewater Zuhria, Faida; Sarto, Sarto; Prasetyo, Imam
Sustinere: Journal of Environment and Sustainability Vol 2 No 2 (2018): pp 65-107 (August 2018)
Publisher : Centre for Science and Technology, IAIN Surakarta

Despite of the positive effect of the growth of Batik industry in Yogyakarta to economy, the waste water pollution of dying process of Batik industry has negative impact to environment. Initial measurement of COD, BOD and TSS of waste water resulted from dying process of Batik that implemented Naphtolat and Diazo Salts were exceeded the threshold. Hence, this study implemented electrocoagulation for processing Batik wastewater. The results showed that the range of the electrodes and the voltage are give effect to the reduction in COD, BOD, and TSS in liquid sewage electrocoagulation process in dye wastewater in batik industry "Rara Djonggrang". The optimum electrode range on TSS and BOD reduction in the optimum is  a range of 2 cm with 85.71% of TSS decrease and 7.02% of BOD reduction, while the optimum COD reduction in a range of 4 cm with a decrease of 92.18%. The voltage give effect to decrease in TSS and COD are 15 V, with 85.71% of TSS decrease and 92.18% of COD reduction. The most optimum of BOD value is using voltage variation 10 V and a range of 6 cm. Electrocoagulation process with using aluminum electrode is the most appropriate for treating Diazol Salt sewage.

SARINGAN KERAMIK: SOLUSI KEBUTUHAN AIR MINUM MASA DEPAN Nugroho, Ariyanto; Sutomo, Adi Heru; Iravati, Susi; Sarto, Sarto; Wijaya, Yulia Rina
Jurnal Formil (Forum Ilmiah) Kesmas Respati Vol 1, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Respati Yogyakarta

Inoculum Selection and Micro-Aeration for Biogas Production in Two-Stage Anaerobic Digestion of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Damayanti, Sri Ismiyati; Astiti, Dian Fitriani; Purnomo, Chandra Wahyu; Sarto, Sarto; Budhijanto, Wiratni
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 8, No 1 (2019): June 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v8i1.16318

Two-stage anaerobic fluidized bed is an innovation in anaerobic digestion technology intended to handle liquid waste with high organic loading and complex substrate. The process is based on separation between acidogenic/acetogenic and methanogenic processes. The first stage is anaerobic process to convert substrate (represented as soluble chemical oxygen demand/sCOD) into volatile fatty acids (VFA). The second stage is methanogenic process to convert VFA into biogas. This study aimed to separate acidogenic/acetogenic and methanogenic processes by means of limited injection of air (micro-aeration) and inoculum selection. Micro-aeration was introduced in acidogenic/acetogenic stage because the relevant microbes were facultative so that the obligate anaerobic methanogens will be suppressed. On the other hand, the methanogenic reactor was kept completely anaerobic to ensure methanogenic dominance over acidogenic/acetogenic ones. Two sources of inoculums were used in this study, i.e. anaerobically digested biodiesel waste and anaerobically digested cow manure. Both inoculums were taken from active biogas reactor treating biodiesel waste and cow manure, respectively. Experiments were run in batch reactors treating palm oil mill effluent (POME) as the substrate for the acidogenic/acetogenic reactor. After the reaction in the first stage reached the minimum substrate concentration, the content of the reactor was used as the substrate for the methanogenic reactor as the second stage. Routine measurements were taken for sCOD and VFA concentrations, biogas production, and methane concentration in the biogas. Results confirmed that micro-aeration maintained good performance of acidogenic/acetogenic process, which was indicated by peaks in VFA accumulation, while suppressing methanogenic activities as no methane produced in this stage. Digested biodiesel waste was superior inoculum to be compared to digested cow manure with respect to sCOD removal. In the methanogenic stage, digested biodiesel waste also performed better as inoculum as it led to higher VFA conversion, higher biogas production rate, and higher methane content in the biogas.Ã‚Â

Kinetics of Sulfide Removal in Biofilter Employing Sulfur-Oxidizing Bacteria on Salak Fruit Seeds Lestari, Retno Ambarwati Sigit; Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi; Sarto, Sarto
Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan Vol 8, No 2 (2019): December 2019 [Nationally Accredited - Sinta 2]
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jbat.v8i2.22356

Sulfur-oxidizing bacterias were isolated then grown on salak fruit seeds forming bio-film. Their performances in sulfide removal were experimentally observed. The salak fruit seeds were then used as packing material in a cylinder. Liquid containing 83 ppm of sodium sulfide was flown through the bed. Then the sulfide concentrations in the outlet at various times were analyzed. A set of simple kinetics model for the rate of the sulfide removal and the bacterial growth was proposed. The axial sulfide concentration gradient in the flowing liquid are assumed to be quasi-steady-state. Mean while the bio-film grows on the surface of the seeds and the sulfide oxidation takes place in the bio-film. Since the bio-film is very thin, the sulfide concentration in the bio-film is assumed to be uniform. The simultaneous ordinary differential equations obtained were then solved numerically using Runge-Kutta method. The accuracy of the model proposed was tested by comparing the calculation results using the model with the experimental data obtained. It turned out that the model proposed can be applied to quantitatively describe the removal of sulfide in liquid using bio-filter in packed bed. The values of the parameters were also obtained by curve-fitting.

Biohydrogen Production by Reusing Immobilized Mixed Culture in Batch System Damayanti, Astrilia; Sarto, Sarto; Sediawan, Wahyudi Budi
International Journal of Renewable Energy Development Vol 9, No 1 (2020): February 2020
Publisher : Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/ijred.9.1.37-42

Biohydrogen production via dark fermentation is a prospective renewable energy technology. In the process, reused of immobilized mixed culture is very important as their activities greatly influencehydrogen production. The aim of this work was to evaluate the reuse of alginate beads affecting the biohydrogen production for 45 days. This study in batch reactor were performed using glucose 10 M as substrate, alginate and activated carbon as immobilization matrix materials, chicken eggshell as buffer, and cow dung biodigester as mixed culture. Hydrogen and pH on fermentation product are investigated by gas chromatography (GC) technique and pH meter, respectively. The colony diameter on immobilized and co-immobilized mixed culture was observed using optical microscope and colony diameter was measured using Image-Pro Plus Software v4.5.0.29. The surface morphology of immobilization and co-immobilization beads were determined using scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that the colonies growth observed using optical microscopy or SEM was apparent only in the immobilization of mixed culture. The average growth and diameter of colonies per day were 90 colonies and 0.025 mm, respectively. The weight of beads and pH during the 45-day fermentation process for bead immobilization of mixed culture were 1.32â€“1.95 g and 6.25â€“6.62, correspondingly, meanwhile, the co-immobilizations of the mixed culture were 1.735â€“2.21g and 6.25â€“6.61, respectively. In addition, the average hydrogen volume of glucose fermented using an eggshell buffer and reusing the immobilization and co-immobilization beads was 18.91 mL for 15 cycles.Â©2020. CBIORE-IJRED. All rights reserved

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