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CORRELATION BETWEEN INTERFERON GAMMA RELEASE ASSAY OF ELISPOT METHOD AND CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE CELL COUNT IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS Ambar, Nabil Salim; Aryati, Aryati; Kusmiati, Tutik; Triyono, Erwin Astha
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol 25, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v25i3.1416

Introduction. HIV is a virus that can cause AIDS, which affects the immune system and weakens the body function in fighting disease. The primary cells that HIV attacks are CD4+ T lymphocytes. Opportunistic Infections (OIs) are the biggest risk factors of death in HIV patients and occur in CD4+ T cells <200 cells/μL lymphocytes. TB is a disease with a high mortality rate in the world where Indonesia is a TB endemic country with the highest morbidity rates of TB in the world. The most common OI in people with HIV is TB. The number of limitations on Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) is large, thus in vitro T cells test with (Interferon Gamma Release Assay) IGRA is used in diagnosing latent TB. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between IGRA ELISPOT method and CD4+ T lymphocyte cell count in HIV positive patients.Method. This was an observational analytical study with cross sectional design. The number of samples was 56 HIV positive patients who were treated at the UPIPI Clinic of the Dr Soetomo Surabaya Hospital. The examination of CD4+ T lymphocyte count was perfomed with FACSCalibur and IGRA was examined with T-SPOT.TB. The results were analyzed using Spearman correlation test.Results. CD4 + lymphocyte cell counts based on WHO groupings were as follows: > 500 cells / μL (33.92%), 200-349 cells / μL (25%), 350-499 cells / μL (25%) and <200 cells / μL (16 , 07%). IGRA examination results showed 35.18% positive and 64.81% negative. The grouping of CD4+ T lymphocyte cell counts based on IGRA test results was 27.77% with positive IGRA and 48.14% with negative IGRA. Spearman correlation test between CD4+ T cell lymphocytes with IGRA in HIV positive patients showed r = 0,036 (p = 0,794).Conclusion. There was no correlation between interferon gamma release assay of ELISPOT method and CD4+ T lymphocyte cell count in HIV positive patients.

CORRELATION BETWEEN INTERFERON GAMMA RELEASE ASSAY OF ELISPOT METHOD AND CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE CELL COUNT IN HIV POSITIVE PATIENTS Nabil Salim Ambar; Aryati Aryati; Tutik Kusmiati; Erwin Astha Triyono
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND MEDICAL LABORATORY Vol. 25 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Indonesian Association of Clinical Pathologist and Medical laboratory

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24293/ijcpml.v25i3.1416

HIV is a virus that can cause AIDS, which affects the immune system and weakens the body function in fighting disease. The primary cells that HIV attacks are CD4+ T lymphocytes. Opportunistic Infections (OIs) are the biggest risk factors of death in HIV patients and occur in CD4+ T cells <200 cells/Î¼L lymphocytes. TB is a disease with a high mortality rate in the world where Indonesia is a TB endemic country with the highest morbidity rates of TB in the world. The most common OI in people with HIV is TB. The number of limitations on Tuberculin Skin Test (TST) is large, thus in vitro T cells test with (Interferon Gamma Release Assay) IGRA is used in diagnosing latent TB. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between IGRA ELISPOT method and CD4+ T lymphocyte cell count in HIV positive patients. This was an observational analytical study with cross sectional design. The number of samples was 56 HIV positive patients who were treated at the UPIPI Clinic of the Dr Soetomo Surabaya Hospital. The examination of CD4+ T lymphocyte count was perfomed with FACSCalibur and IGRA was examined with T-SPOT.TB. The results were analyzed using Spearman correlation test. CD4 + lymphocyte cell counts based on WHO groupings were as follows: > 500 cells / Î¼L (33.92%), 200-349 cells / Î¼L (25%), 350-499 cells / Î¼L (25%) and <200 cells / Î¼L (16 , 07%). IGRA examination results showed 35.18% positive and 64.81% negative. The grouping of CD4+ T lymphocyte cell counts based on IGRA test results was 27.77% with positive IGRA and 48.14% with negative IGRA. Spearman correlation test between CD4+ T cell lymphocytes with IGRA in HIV positive patients showed r = 0,036 (p = 0,794). There was no correlation between interferon gamma release assay of ELISPOT method and CD4+ T lymphocyte cell count in HIV positive patients.

Comparison of Platelet Levels between Preeclampsia and Eclampsia Patients at Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital, Surabaya Fortuna Maudy Sintya, Reyke; Dwi Ariningtyas, Ninuk; Nurida, Annisa; Salim Ambar, Nabil
MAGNA MEDICA Berkala Ilmiah Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 1 (2021): February
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang

Background: Indonesia is a developing country with a high maternal mortality rate (MMR) and perinatal mortality, the third highest in ASEAN and the second highest in the South East Asian Nation Regional Organization. In pregnancy hypertension has been proven that oxidants, especially if increased fat peroxide will damage endothelial cells called endothelial dysfunction. Vasospasm that occurs also induces platelet integration and endothelial damage which adds to the contribution in maintaining platelet dysfunction and triggering the use of platelets. Thrombocytopenia is the most important sign of the severity of preeclampsia.Objective: to determine the comparison of platelet levels in patients with preeclampsia with eclampsia.Methode: This study was observational cross sectional method. The sample in this study was a total sampling, using purposive sampling of patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia at the Wiyung Sejahtera Hospital in January-December 2019. The instrument used was using secondary data of medical records of patients.Results: Patients with preeclampsia have a minimum platelet level of 301,000/mm3, a maximum of 415,000/mm3, and an average of 351,733.33/mm3 with a standard deviation of 33,552.66/mm3. Patients with eclampsia have a minimum platelet level of 122,000/mm3, a maximum of 281,000/mm3, and an average of 209,200/mm3 with a standard deviation of 42,465.45/mm3. There are significant differences in platelet levels of patients with preeclampsia with eclampsia(p <0.05)..Conclusion: there is a significant difference between the platelet levels of patients with preeclampsia and eclampsia.

The Relationship Between HbA1c Levels and Severity of COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Haji General Hospital, East Java Province Nabil Salim Ambar; Muhimmatul Aaliyah Rahmadina; Mohammad Subkhan; Audy Meutia Ariana
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 9 No 01 (2025): Qanun Medika Vol 09 No 01 January 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v9i01.23444

One of the factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 infection is comorbidity. Diabetes mellitus is a comorbidity with a high mortality rate. Poor glucose control in patients can affect cellular immune responses and increase morbidity and mortality associated with infections. The severity of COVID-19 is classified into 5 levels: asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical. HbA1c is a good test for identifying the diabetes status of COVID-19 patients. According to the American Diabetes Association, HbA1c levels are considered controlled if <7% and uncontrolled if ≥7%. This study aims to analyze HbA1c levels in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus from 2020 to 2022. This study uses the productive age category (15-64 years). To determine the relationship between HbA1c levels and the severity of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus at Haji General Hospital, East Java Province, from 2020 to 2022. This research employs a cross-sectional, analytical observational method with a consecutive sampling technique involving 96 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Data collection was conducted through medical record observation. The majority of the samples were male, with an average age of 53 years. The Fisher Exact Test yielded a p-value of 0.13, which is greater than the significance level (0.05), indicating no significant relationship between HbA1c levels and the severity of COVID-19 in diabetic patients. There is no significant relationship between HbA1c levels and the severity of COVID-19 in diabetic patients at Haji General Hospital, East Java Province.

The Relationship Between HbA1c Levels and Severity of COVID-19 Patients with Diabetes Mellitus at Haji General Hospital, East Java Province Ambar, Nabil Salim; Rahmadina, Muhimmatul Aaliyah; Subkhan, Mohammad; Ariana, Audy Meutia
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 9 No 01 (2025): Qanun Medika Vol 09 No 01 January 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v9i01.23444

One of the factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 infection is comorbidity. Diabetes mellitus is a comorbidity with a high mortality rate. Poor glucose control in patients can affect cellular immune responses and increase morbidity and mortality associated with infections. The severity of COVID-19 is classified into 5 levels: asymptomatic, mild, moderate, severe, and critical. HbA1c is a good test for identifying the diabetes status of COVID-19 patients. According to the American Diabetes Association, HbA1c levels are considered controlled if <7% and uncontrolled if ≥7%. This study aims to analyze HbA1c levels in COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus from 2020 to 2022. This study uses the productive age category (15-64 years). To determine the relationship between HbA1c levels and the severity of COVID-19 patients with diabetes mellitus at Haji General Hospital, East Java Province, from 2020 to 2022. This research employs a cross-sectional, analytical observational method with a consecutive sampling technique involving 96 hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Data collection was conducted through medical record observation. The majority of the samples were male, with an average age of 53 years. The Fisher Exact Test yielded a p-value of 0.13, which is greater than the significance level (0.05), indicating no significant relationship between HbA1c levels and the severity of COVID-19 in diabetic patients. There is no significant relationship between HbA1c levels and the severity of COVID-19 in diabetic patients at Haji General Hospital, East Java Province.

Transformasi Patologi Klinik melalui Kecerdasan Buatan: Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka Sistematis Ambar, Nabil Salim; Utama, Muhamad Reza; Kahar, Hartono
JurnalMU: Jurnal Medis Umum Vol 1 No 3 (2024): Jurnal Medis Umum
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jmu.v1i3.24771

Kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) telah mengalami perkembangan signifikan dalam bidang patologi klinik selama dekade terakhir. AI mendukung analisis data kompleks dalam histopatologi, meningkatkan efisiensi diagnosis, dan mempercepat pengambilan keputusan klinis. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengulas peran AI dalam patologi klinik, termasuk penerapannya dalam diagnostik, prediksi klinis, dan personalisasi pengobatan. Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan pustaka sistematis dengan mencakup literatur dari database utama dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa AI mampu meningkatkan akurasi diagnostik hingga 96,3% dan spesifisitas hingga 93,3%, serta mempercepat workflow klinis. Meskipun demikian, terdapat tantangan seperti regulasi, etika, dan kesenjangan digitalisasi yang perlu diatasi. AI menawarkan peluang besar untuk transformasi patologi klinik menuju era pengobatan presisi.

HUBUNGAN DURASI DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DAN KADAR HBA1C DENGAN TIPE RETINOPATI DIABETIK Sahela , Ayu Anitalia; Lutfiana, Nurul Cholifah; Dhany , Rini Kusumawar; Ambar , Nabil Salim
JurnalMU: Jurnal Medis Umum Vol 2 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Medis Umum
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jmu.v2i1.25639

Latar Belakang: Pada tahun 2021 sebanyak 73,7 % pengidap Diabetes melitus (DM) atau sekitar 14,34 juta jiwa orang Indonesia hidup dengan penyakit diabetes melitus tidak terdiagnosis. Salah satu komplikasi diabetes adalah retinopati diabetik yang tergolong dalam komplikasi mikrovaskular yang diakibatkan hiperglikemi yang berkepanjangan atau kondisi lainnya yang berkaitan dengan DM. Retinopati diabetik memengaruhi 80% pasien diabetes. Tujuan: Penelitian yang dilakukan ini memiliki tujuan agar dapat mengetahui hubungan durasi diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan kadar HbA1c dengan tipe RD. Metode: Penelitian termasuk dalam analitik observational yang menggunakan studi jenis Cross sectional. Hasil: Analisis data kelompok usia didominasi rentang usia 55-59 tahun dan 60-64 tahun (35,3%). Analisis kadar HbA1c didominasi rentang usia 55-59 tahun dan 60-64 tahun dengan durasi DM tipe 2 > 5 tahun (52,9 %). Tipe retinopati diabetik yang mendominasi NPDR (54,9 %). Kesimpulan: Penelitian menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara DM tipe 2 dengan RD. Akan tetapi, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar HbA1c dengan tipe RD. Kata Kunci : Retinopati Diabetik, Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2, Kadar HbA1c

Hubungan Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) dengan Luaran Pasien Ventilator Associated Pneumoniae (VAP) di Rumah Sakit Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Cabang Sepanjang Faradisa, Istna; Subkhan, Mohammad; Ambar , Nabil Salim; Widyaningsih, Sri
JurnalMU: Jurnal Medis Umum Vol 2 No 2 (2025): JurnalMU: Jurnal Medis Umum
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jmu.v2i2.25685

Latar Belakang : Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) merupakan pneumonia nosokomial dengan tingkat mortalitas tinggi. Kejadian mortalitas yang tinggi pada VAP dapat diminimalisir apabila proses inflamasi parenkim paru dapat diketahui dengan lebih cepat dan mudah. Salah satu biomarker proses inflamasi VAP adalah NLR. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan NLR merupakan indikator yang sensitive untuk berbagai kondisi infeksi dan inflamasi. Namun, belum banyak penelitian yang relevan terkait NLR sebagai biomarker VAP secara khusus. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan NLR dengan luaran pasien VAP di Rumah Sakit Siti Khodijah Sepanjang. Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dari tahun 2022-2024, didapatkan 14 sampel rekam medis pasien VAP. Uji statistika penelitian ini menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman rho. Hasil : Usia sampel pada penelitian ini sebagian besar berasal dari kelompok usia 60-69 tahun (50,0%). Terdapat kesamaan jumlah data dari sampel berjenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan. Nilai NLR sampel hampir seluruhnya tinggi, yaitu sebanyak 13 sampel (92,9%). Distribusi luaran sampel VAP didominasi sampel meninggal yaitu sebesar 8 sampel (57,1%). Tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan secara statistik antara NLR dengan luaran pasien VAP pada penelitian ini (p=0,264, CI 95% (-0,270 – 0,735)). Namun nilai koefisien korelasi penelitian ini menunjukkan arah positif atau searah (r=0,320). Kesimpulan : Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara NLR dengan luaran pasien VAP di Rumah Sakit Siti Khodijah Muhammadiyah Sepanjang.

Diagnosis Laboratorium pada COVID-19 Nabil Salim Ambar
PROCEEDING UMSURABAYA 2020: Prosiding Seminar Online UPDATES ON COVID-19 : MULTIDICIPLINARY PERSPECTIVE
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

AbstractCOVID-19 (corona virus disease -19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus. The spread of this virus is so fast that, even though the cure rate is high, thefatality rate is equally high. Controling of Corona virus transmission can be done by breakingthe chain of transmission, examining for tracking, tracing people who have had contact withsufferers, and examining for diagnosis (testing) of COVID-19 cases. One of the functions ofthe COVID-19 laboratory examination is for diagnosis. Laboratory examination parametersthat are often used for the diagnosis of COVID-19 are: Whole Blood, C-Reactive Protein(CRP), Antibody Rapid Test and RT-PCR. However, the gold standard for COVID-19diagnosis is RT-PCR. The purpose of this literature review is to provide an insight into aprecise, fast, and highly accurate diagnosis in order to immediately mitigate and prevent anyspike in COVID-19 cases.Keywords : diagnosis of COVID-19, hematology examination, antibody rapid test, RT-PCR

Assessing the Feasibility of Developing a Menopause Clinic as a Specialized Flagship Service at MedicElle Primary Clinic, Surabaya Nabil Salim Ambar; Ansarul Fahrudda; Solichul Absor
Qanun Medika - Jurnal Kedokteran FK UMSurabaya Vol 10 No 02 (2026): Qanun Medika Vol 10 No 02 July 2026
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30651/jqm.v10i02.30469

Menopause represents a natural stage in a woman’s life that may be accompanied by physical, psychological, and social symptoms requiring appropriate clinical management. This study aimed to conduct a preliminary assessment of the feasibility of establishing a dedicated Menopause Clinic as a flagship service at MedicElle Primary Clinic in Surabaya. A quantitative descriptive study with a retrospective cross-sectional design was conducted using medical records of women aged 40-60 years who met the inclusion criteria. A total of 58 eligible participants were selected through a total sampling approach. The majority of participants were in the perimenopausal period and presented with multiple menopausal symptoms, predominantly vasomotor complaints, sleep disturbances, psychological manifestations, urogenital symptoms, and musculoskeletal pain. Overall, 82.7% of the patients experienced at least one menopausal symptom, with a mean Complaint Index of 2.8. Indicators of service readiness demonstrated the availability of six healthcare professionals, a facility readiness score of 4.2 out of 5, a follow-up rate of 67%, and a medical record completeness rate of 93%. These findings suggest that the institution has demonstrated preliminary readiness and that there is a clear demand for menopause related healthcare services. However, the overall feasibility of establishing the proposed clinic cannot yet be fully determined because important aspects, including financial feasibility, patient satisfaction, healthcare provider perspectives, and long-term clinical outcomes, were not evaluated in this study.

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