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Language Policy and Planning: Diglossia in Indonesia Nurhadi Hamka
Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton Vol 8 No 2 (2022): Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton

Language policy is strongly connected with language planning, and that one cannot be discussed without included the other. This article will mainly discuss language policy and planning in Indonesia, especially the diglossic situation. The discussion is departed at a wider definition of language policy and planning. After that, I directly discuss the dynamics of local languages in Indonesia regarding the language policy and planning. The third, the discussion is about diglossia and diglossia-leakage that occurred in Indonesia. Afterward, in the fourth section, it talks about the domination and subordination of language. And, finally some research recommendation regarding language domination and subordination

Planning time in Relation to Complexity of the Writing Task Performance of EFL learners in Non-English Country: Case Study at English Department Khairun University, Indonesia Nurhadi Hamka
Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton Vol 7 No 4 (2021): Sang Pencerah: Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton

Writing is a place to express feelings and thoughts in relatively permanent form. However, it becomes problematic because it requires certain linguistic features such as fluency, accuracy, and complexity, (the latter being the dependent variable for the study). One way to overcome these problems is through planning. Thus, this research is focused to find out the effect of planning on complexity in the writing performance especially in EFL learners. There are 20 final-year of undergraduate students of Unkhair involved and are selected through individual IELTS prediction writing-test. This study applies Independent t-test for the first variable of complexity: richness and diversity, and the second variable: size and elaborateness uses Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U test. The study uses two different groups as independent variables: 1) Planning group will be coded P1, P2, P3, … and so on, while 2) without planning group will be coded WP1, WP2, WP3, … and so on. The result of the study presents that the mean score in planning groups of both number of words per T-unit and number of clauses per T-unit are generally higher with 10.684 and 1.487, respectively, than in without planning group with just 9.403 and 1.225, respectively. The figures conclude that through planning which happened before the writing, helps the learners to accomplish a better performance regarding the number of words and clauses occur per T-unit.

Speech Genre: A Study of Gossip in Australian English Speaking Context Nurhadi Hamka
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 1 No. 3 (2018): SEPTEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

A gossip as a casual conversation usually occurs in diverse context or a wide range of social situations; has distinct and various topics; and involve an irregular set of participants. The scholars scrutinize that conversation has highly structured activity of which people tacitly realize that there are some basic conventions to follow – such as when to speak or to stay silent and to listen. In this study, I specifically discuss one of the speech genre – a gossip, in Australia English speaking context. The gossip data of the study is taken from the research conducted by Thornburry, Scott, and Slade, Diana (2006). In a discussion, I focus the analysis of the generic structure of the gossip and how it establishes the social function (within) the speech members. Several findings conveyed that: 1) there is a leeway of shifting from one genre to another – e.g. narrative to gossip, within the same participants; 2) conversation can be successful if all the participants aware of and follow the basic conventions – when to talk or to listen, support to judgement or reluctant to the focus of conversation; 3) the genre, e.g. narrative or gossip, could motivate people to leave or to join the conversation which then could establish and reinforce the group membership and maintain the values of the social group.

Prescriptivism vs. Descriptivism; Defining the students’ need in Standardized Language Proficiency Tests Nurhadi Hamka
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 1 No. 4 (2018): DECEMBER
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

The debate between prescriptivists and descriptivist continuous to date, which interestingly affects the way the standardized language proficiency tests (should) work. The notion of correctness in such high stakes test raters attracts more attention in relation to fairness of using specific criterion in the assessment. The present paper discusses the belief of prescriptivism and contrasts it with the view of descriptivist – especially to what actually occurs in the Teaching English as a Foreign/Second Language. Therefore, the paper clarifies whether prescriptionist features are prominent in the learner approximations and need to be taught explicitly, and clarifies whether the learner errors encompass other elements and describing the target language to the learners is more important. There are four prescriptivist pronouncements discussed – splitting infinitive, stranding preposition, the use of will and shall, and the use of who and whom. The study found that there are two pronouncements that break the rule. Therefore, English practitioners – teachers, should ‘open’ themselves to both views and able explain explicitly to the students both historical overview and its standing position of the views to date. As for assessor, a tendency of using the exact, predictable, and stable rule are indeed significantly important. They, however, also need to realize the inevitable evolution of language and in that regard descriptivist should not receive any false judgement especially in the high stakes test.

Bahasa Bugis: Inflectional Morphology in the Verb Nurhadi Hamka; Ahmad Rivani Talaohu; La Ode Achmad Suherman
APLIKATIF: Journal of Research Trends in Social Sciences and Humanities Vol. 1 No. 2 (2022): APLIKATIF: Journal of Research Trends in Social Sciences and Humanities
Publisher : Lembaga Junal dan Publikasi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Buton

In this paper, I discuss some morphological processes of inflection in Bahasa Bugis particularly verb, in order to scrutinize some problems that appear in the analysis under a morphemic framework. To have a better understanding towards the analysis of the inflectional case, I will employ an approach of Paradigm Function Morphology by Stump (2001). As a result, inflectional occur depends on the aspect and the person. There are three main aspects found; durative, perfective, and conditional. Of which, durative has four subcategories; durative (repeated), durative (feature & repeated), durative (similar), and durative (repeated & similar). Moreover, perfective aspect is also found to have one subcategory called perfective (past & similar). On the other hand, an interesting phenomenon found in person where the second person differentiated by the pragmatic meaning; more polite and less polite. Finally, through PFM, we can capture the mappings, block by block, show how morphosyntactic features are realized by the exponents in the language.

Analysis of Imagery in the Poem "DADDY" by Sylvia Plath Indra Purnawan Panjaitan; Nurhadi Hamka
Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Matematika, Komputer, Keperawatan, Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (IPM2KPE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31539/leea.v7i1.6966

The aim of this study to describe the image contained in the poem "Daddy" by Sylvia Plath. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. Data collection used the technique of reading logs of the poem "Daddy" by Sylvia Plath. The research result were visual imagery, auditory imagery, pictures No aesthetic and magical. Conclusion from results of imagery analysis carried out on the poem "Daddy" by Sylvia Plath is that the most dominant image is visual imagery. Keywords: Analysis, Imagery, Literature, Poetry

Analysis of Imagery in the Poem "DADDY" by Sylvia Plath Panjaitan, Indra Purnawan; Hamka, Nurhadi
Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal Vol 7 No 1 (2023): Linguistic, English Education and Art (LEEA) Journal
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Matematika, Komputer, Keperawatan, Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (IPM2KPE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31539/leea.v7i1.6966

The aim of this study to describe the image contained in the poem "Daddy" by Sylvia Plath. The method used in this research is qualitative descriptive. Data collection used the technique of reading logs of the poem "Daddy" by Sylvia Plath. The research result were visual imagery, auditory imagery, pictures No aesthetic and magical. Conclusion from results of imagery analysis carried out on the poem "Daddy" by Sylvia Plath is that the most dominant image is visual imagery. Keywords: Analysis, Imagery, Literature, Poetry

Leveraging MALL in Higher Education: A Study on Duolingo's Efficacy in Enhancing Language Learning Motivation Suherman, La Ode Achmad; Farisatma, Farisatma; Krisnawati, Krisnawati; Hamka, Nurhadi
Elsya : Journal of English Language Studies Vol. 6 No. 3 (2024): Elsya : Journal of English Language Studies
Publisher : Universitas Lancang Kuning

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31849/elsya.v6i3.22843

This study explores the effectiveness of Duolingo, a Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) application, in enhancing English learning motivation among students from the accounting and management study programs. Non-English major students often face time constraints in formal language learning, with only 24 hours of English classes throughout their college years. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a mixed-method approach to analyze data from 56 students who participated in a self-study program using Duolingo for six weeks. Quantitative analysis using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test revealed that 85.7% of students experienced a significant increase in motivation. Qualitative findings from in-depth interviews indicated that gamification elements such as levels and leaderboards played a role in enhancing motivation and engagement. This study suggests that Duolingo presents a potential solution to time constraints in formal English education at universities.

The Preservation of Bugis Language in Sinjai City: A Sociolinguistic Perspective Hamka, Nurhadi; Imansari, Nurul; Suherman, La Ode Achmad
ELS Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): MARCH
Publisher : Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.34050/elsjish.v7i1.34115

The Bugis language, belonging to the Austronesian family, serves as a crucial element of cultural identity and heritage for the Bugis ethnic group in Indonesia, particularly in Sinjai City. However, like many indigenous languages, Bugis faces challenges in preservation due to socio-cultural factors. This research delves into preservation efforts and sociolinguistic dynamics surrounding the Bugis language since 2000, aiming to provide insights for stakeholders. Drawing on qualitative methods, including semi-structured interviews and ethnographic observations, this study aims to explore the motivations driving preservation efforts, investigate the role of education, examine socio-cultural factors influencing language use, and assess the effectiveness of existing preservation strategies. Findings reveal that cultural identity maintenance, intergenerational transmission, and the desire to safeguard linguistic diversity are primary motivations. Education emerges as pivotal, though hindered by the dominance of Bahasa Indonesia and limited institutional support. Socio-cultural factors like urbanization, migration, media influence, and linguistic stigma further challenge preservation. Strengths of current strategies include community engagement and cultural affirmation, while limitations include lack of support and linguistic stigma. Recommendations for augmenting preservation efforts include advocating for policy reforms, community empowerment, digital resources, and promoting multilingualism. Ultimately, preserving the Bugis language entails a holistic approach that honors cultural diversity and empowers the Bugis community.

NAVIGATING VICTORIAN CITY SPACE: ARTIFICIALITY IN AUSTEN’S NORTHANGER ABBEY AND GASKELL’S NORTH AND SOUTH Imansari, Nurul; Hamka, Nurhadi
BASIS (Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris) Vol 12 No 1 (2025): JOURNAL BASIS UPB
Publisher : Universitas Putera Batam

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33884/basisupb.v12i1.9286

Abstract This research investigates the themes of artificiality and social alienation in Jane Austen's Northanger Abbey and Elizabeth Gaskell's North and South, examining how urban settings in Bath and Milton encapsulate the social complexities of Victorian society during the Industrial Revolution. Employing a comparative literary analysis, grounded in urban and social theory as articulated by experts such as Simmel and Parkins, this study highlights how city spaces both reflect and reinforce societal constraints and individual behaviours. Data was gathered through close readings of the primary texts, supported by secondary sources, and analysed to explore patterns of social interaction and urban influence on character development. The findings reveal how Bath’s societal superficiality shapes Catherine Morland’s experience, while Milton’s industrial harshness impacts characters like Margaret Hale and Mr. Thornton, illustrating the varied ways urban settings foster artificiality and exacerbate social divides. This research contributes to understanding Victorian literature's critique of societal structures, emphasizing the value of authenticity and human connection amid social pressures.

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