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Elimination of Chloramphenicol by Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and White Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Heny Suseno; Sumi Hudiyono; Muslim Muslim
HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Vol. 23 No. 3 (2016): July 2016
Publisher : Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia

Chloramphenicol (CAP) has been illegally used in many shrimp farms in South East Asia, including Indonesia. We performed an experiment of elimination simulation of CAP in tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). After 5 days of depuration process, the concentration of CAP in P. monodon decreased to 94.85% (muscle), 97.98% (cephalothoraxes), and 90.30% (exoskeleton). The elimination half-life of CAP in P monodon was 0.596 day in the muscle, 0.716 day in cephalothorax, and 0.437 day in exoskeleton. On the other hand, concentrations of CAP in L. vannameidecreased to 97.74% (muscle), 90.30% (cephalothoraxes), and 97.63% (exoskeleton). The elimination half-life of CAP in L. vannamei was 0.6624 day (muscle), 0.859 day (cephalothorax), and 0.796 day (exoskeleton). CAP was retained better by P. monodoncompared to L. vannamei.

Chemical Constituent and Antimalarial Activity based on Inhibition of Heme Polymerization from Water Extract of Yellow Root (Arcangelisia flava L. Merr) Yatri Hapsari; Partomuan Simanjuntak; Wien Kusharyoto; Sumi Hudiyono
Chimica et Natura Acta Vol 7, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Departemen Kimia

In developing countries, malaria remains a disease that can spread easily and caused death. Malaria is an infectious disease caused by Plasmodium sp involving female anopheles masquitos during its transmission. Arcangelisia flava L. Merr has been investigated earlier that it can inhibited P. falciparum growth. Method of antimalarial activity based on inhibition of heme polymerization can confirm one of the mechanism of antimalarial drugs. The aim of this research to study further antimalarial activity and IC50 based on inhibition of heme polymerization and determine the chemical constituent from water extract of A. flava L. Merr. This research was conducted through several steps, namely 1) water extraction, 2) column chromatography (SiO2 ; (i) CH2Cl2-MeOH=10:1~1:1 (ii) n-hexane: EA=1:1; CH2Cl2-MeOH=10:1~1:1), 3) antimalarial assay, 4) identification of chemical constituent using FTIR and GC-MS. Results of this research are water extract of A. flava L. Merr has IC50 601 ppm and identification of chemical constituent using FTIR and GC-MS was assumed as stigmastan.

Sintesis reagen imunokimia untuk deteksi okratoksin dengan metode imunokromatografik nanopartikel emas Synthesis of immunochemical reagent for ochratoxin detection using gold nanoparticle immunochromatographic method Irma KRESNAWATY; Romsyah MARYAM; . SUHARYANTO; Sumi HUDIYONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 83, No 1: Juni 2015
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Abstract The quality of Indonesiam coffee andcocoa products has been declined due to the contamination of fungi producing ochratoxin, a serious human mycotoxin. Therefore, develop-ment of fast, accurate and simple method for early detection of ochratoxin contamination is required. As a part of research attempted to develop early detection technique of ochratoxin in severall commodities, especially agricultural products, the objective of this study was to produce immunochemical reagent for ochratoxin detectionusing immunoglobulin Y (IgY) based on immunochromatographic method. Results showed that OTA-OVA could be synthesized using active ester method with addition of N-hydroxy-succiimide and dicyclocarboimide. The inter-mediate compound produced showed C=O stretching vibrational band at 1600 cm-1 and C-O stretching vibrational band at 1300-1000 cm-1. Antibody-gold nanoparticle conjugate was optimally produced at pH 9 and with antibody dilution of 1:7.5 (v/v). There was 50 nm absorb-tion shift in visible absorbtion after the antibody was conjugated with gold nanoparticle. Even though the test strip did not show clear visual-ization, the cut off of ochratoxin concentrationis obviously determined at 10 ppb. This results suggest thatthe technique could be used to detect ochratoxin contamination. Abstrak Komoditas kopi dan kakao Indonesia ter-kendala masalah mutu produk yang rendah akibat kontaminasi jamur yang menghasilkan okra-toksin. Okratoksin merupakan mikotoksin yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Oleh karena itu, cara deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin yang cepat, akurat dan mudah perlu dikembangkan. Sebagai bagian dari usaha untuk mengembangkan teknik deteksi dini okratoksin pada pada berbagai komoditas, khususnya produk pertanian, pene-litian ini bertujuan menghasilkan reagen imuno-kimia yang menggunakan antibodi immune-globulin Y (IgY) berdasarkan metode imunokro-matografik untuk deteksi okratoksin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa OTA-OVA dapat disintesis dengan metode ester aktif dengan menambahkan N-hidroksisuksiimida dan disiklo-karboimida. Senyawa antara yang dihasilkan memiliki absorpsi pada frekuensi 1600 cm-1 yang menunjukkan adanya vibrasi ulur ikatan C=O dan adanya banyak absorpsi pada 1300-1000 cm-1 yang mengindikasikan adanya serapan ulur yang kuat ikatan C-O. Konjugat antibodi-nanopartikel emas dihasilkan optimum pada pH 9 dan dengan pengenceran antibodi 1:7,5 (v/v). Hasil pengujian spektrofotometer visible menunjukkan adanya pergeseran serapan sebesar 50 nm setelah anti-bodi dikonjugasikan pada nanopartikel emas. Meskipun secara visual tidak begitu jelas, tetapi hasil pengujian pada teststrip menunjukkan bahwa nilai cut off konsentrasi okratoksin yang terdeteksi adalah10 ppb. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik yang dikembangkan dapat diguna-kan untuk deteksi kontaminasi okratoksin.

Produksi imunoglobulin Y (IgY) untuk pengembangan metode deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin (Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) production to develop an early detection method for ochratoxin contamination) Irma KRESNAWATY; . SUHARYANTO; . SISWANTO; Sumi HUDIYONO
E-Journal Menara Perkebunan Vol 86, No 1 (2018): April, 2018
Publisher : INDONESIAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOINDUSTRY

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v1i1.279

Indonesian coffee and cocoa commodities are constrained by low product quality problem due to contamination of fungal metabolites which producing ochratoxin A (OTA). Ochratoxin is neprotoxic, immunogenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic to the human health. Early detection method on site detection should be developed because of those negative effects. The aim of this study was to produce antibody to develop a method for OTA detection. Antibody was produced by immunization of egg laying hen. Antibody-produced was sepatared and analyzed using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and DBIA (dot blot immunoassay),and tested its composition using HPLC and SDS PAGE. The results showed that anti-OTA polyclonal antibodies had been obtained already from chicken eggs in the 4th period (7 weeks after initial immunization). These antibodies showed anti-OTA reactivity by DBIA method and still showed anti-OTA reactivity up to 9th period (12 weeks after initial immunization). The anti-BSA antibodies produced should be removed to increase the sensitivity of antibodies againts ochratoxin A. The separation of BSA antibodies can be conducted by the absorption of the protein. [Keywords: ochratoxin A; early detection; antibody IgY]. AbstrakKomoditas kopi dan kakao Indonesia terkendala masalah mutu produk yang rendah akibat kontaminasi cendawan penghasil okratoksin A. Okratoksin A (OTA) bersifat neprotoksik, imunogenik, karsinogenik dan teratogenik yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Karena efek negatif yang diakibatkan oleh mikotoksin ini, maka perlu dikembangkan deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin langsung di lokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan antibodi imunoglobulin Y (IgY) untuk mengembangkan metode perakitan perangkat deteksi cepat berbasis imunologi untuk deteksi OTA. Antibodi dihasilkan menggunakan uji ayam petelur. Antibodi yang dihasilkan dipisahkan dan dianalisis aktivitasnya dengan ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) dan DBIA (dot blot immunoassay), serta diuji komposisinya dengan HPLC dan SDS PAGE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antibodi poliklonal anti-OTA sudah diperoleh dari telur ayam pada periode ke-4 (7 minggu setelah imunisasi awal). Antibodi ini menunjukkan reaktivitas anti-OTA dengan metode DBIA dan masih menunjukkan reaktivitas anti-OTA sampai periode 9 (12 minggu setelah imunisasi awal). Komposisi asam amino antibodi anti-OTA menunjukkan perbedaan dengan komposisi asam amino IgY di database. Antibodi anti BSA yang dihasilkan harus dihilangkan terlebih dahulu untuk meningkatkan sensitivitas antibodi terhadap okratoksin A dan pemisahan dapat dilakukan dengan penyerapan antibodi BSA.[Kata Kunci: okratoksin A; deteksi dini; antibodi IgY].

Enzymatic Synthesis of Sucrose Polyester as Food Emulsifier Compound Handayani, Sri; Novianingsih, Ika; Barkah, Awaliatul; Hudiyono, Sumi
Makara Journal of Science Vol. 16, No. 3
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Sucrose polyester (SPE) is a carbohydrate ester compound that has diverse functions, from surfactant to low-calorie food products. Sucrose fatty acid ester with the degree of substitution 1-3 can be used as emulsifier in foods and cosmetics. The enzymatic synthesis of sucrose polyesters can be carried out using lipase in organic solvent and contain small amount of water. In this study sucrose esters were synthesized by esterification reaction between sucrose with fatty acids from coconut and palm oil using Candida rugosa lipase in n-hexane. Optimization esterification reaction was carried out for parameters of incubation time, temperature, and the ratio of the substrate. The optimum incubation time was at 18 hours for coconut oil and 12 hours palm oil, the optimum temperature was 30 o C for coconut and palm oil, and the mole ratio of fatty acid to sucrose was 40:1 for coconut oil and 64:1 for palm oil. Esterification products were characterized by FT-IR. The FT-IR spectrum showed the ester bond was formed as indicated by the wave number 1739.79/cm. Esterification products have 2 substitution degrees.

Utilization of Silica Gel for the Synthesis of Geranyl Laurate and Citronellyl Laurate Rosalina, Khoerunissa Novianti; Wukirsari, Tuti; Handayani, Sri; Hudiyono, Sumi
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 2024: BCREC Volume 19 Issue 2 Year 2024 (August 2024)
Publisher : Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.20159

Geraniol and citronellol are monoterpenoid alcohols with diverse pharmacological activities. This research focuses on synthesized of geranyl laurate and citronellyl laurate using silica gel as an esterification catalyst. The FTIR peak spectra of silica gel showed that Si-OH, Si-O-Si group were observed. XRD showed that the silica gel is an amorphous phase. The reaction was conducted under reflux using a Dean–Stark trap. The reaction was monitored by TLC and then the product was purified using column chromatography. This work reported that silica gel can be utilized as a catalyst for preparing geranyl laurate and citronellyl laurate which proven by the spectra of FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR of the geranyl laurate and citronellyl laurate formed. The IR spectra of geranyl laurate and citronellyl laurate showed the presence of a carbonyl group (C=O) at 1744-1745 cm-1 and C-O from ester at 1170-1176 cm-1. The peak number and its chemical shift on 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra further verified the structure of geranyl laurate and citronelyl laurate. In conclusion, silica gel can be utilized as a catalyst for preparing geranyl laurat and citronellyl laurate. Therefore a silica gel-based catalyst is promising to be developed for esterification applications.

OPTIMIZATION OF ENZYME-MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POLYSACCHARIDE FROM Ganoderma lucidum Lira Windriawati Listriyani; Sumi Hudiyono; Rudiyono Rudiyono; Siti Zulaeha; Ahmad Wibisana
Jurnal Bioteknologi dan Biosains Indonesia Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Enzyme-Microwave Assisted Extraction (EMAE) is a new process for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs). Cellic® CTec2 was chosen as an enzyme that assists in microwave extraction. The four variables involved in this study were enzyme concentration (%), enzymatic reaction time (minutes), solvent-to-solid ratio (mL/g), and microwave extraction time (minutes). This study showed that the enzyme concentration and solvent-to-solid ratio had a significant effect on the response in the range studied. Yield extraction of polysaccharides from experiments conducted at optimum conditions showed good agreement with the predictions from the model. The EMAE method showed a higher polysaccharide extraction yield than hot water extraction (HWE) method. GLPs from EMAE method had antioxidant activity of 79.47 ± 0.71% (DPPH) and 0.884 ± 0.013 mM Fe2+/L (FRAP), where these values were higher than those of the HWE method.

Sintesis reagen imunokimia untuk deteksi okratoksin dengan metode imunokromatografik nanopartikel emas Synthesis of immunochemical reagent for ochratoxin detection using gold nanoparticle immunochromatographic method Irma KRESNAWATY; Romsyah MARYAM; . SUHARYANTO; Sumi HUDIYONO
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 83 No. 1: 83 (1), 2015
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v83i1.8

Abstract The quality of Indonesiam coffee andcocoa products has been declined due to the contamination of fungi producing ochratoxin, a serious human mycotoxin. Therefore, develop-ment of fast, accurate and simple method for early detection of ochratoxin contamination is required. As a part of research attempted to develop early detection technique of ochratoxin in severall commodities, especially agricultural products, the objective of this study was to produce immunochemical reagent for ochratoxin detectionusing immunoglobulin Y (IgY) based on immunochromatographic method. Results showed that OTA-OVA could be synthesized using active ester method with addition of N-hydroxy-succiimide and dicyclocarboimide. The inter-mediate compound produced showed C=O stretching vibrational band at 1600 cm-1 and C-O stretching vibrational band at 1300-1000 cm-1. Antibody-gold nanoparticle conjugate was optimally produced at pH 9 and with antibody dilution of 1:7.5 (v/v). There was 50 nm absorb-tion shift in visible absorbtion after the antibody was conjugated with gold nanoparticle. Even though the test strip did not show clear visual-ization, the cut off of ochratoxin concentrationis obviously determined at 10 ppb. This results suggest thatthe technique could be used to detect ochratoxin contamination. Abstrak Komoditas kopi dan kakao Indonesia ter-kendala masalah mutu produk yang rendah akibat kontaminasi jamur yang menghasilkan okra-toksin. Okratoksin merupakan mikotoksin yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Oleh karena itu, cara deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin yang cepat, akurat dan mudah perlu dikembangkan. Sebagai bagian dari usaha untuk mengembangkan teknik deteksi dini okratoksin pada pada berbagai komoditas, khususnya produk pertanian, pene-litian ini bertujuan menghasilkan reagen imuno-kimia yang menggunakan antibodi immune-globulin Y (IgY) berdasarkan metode imunokro-matografik untuk deteksi okratoksin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa OTA-OVA dapat disintesis dengan metode ester aktif dengan menambahkan N-hidroksisuksiimida dan disiklo-karboimida. Senyawa antara yang dihasilkan memiliki absorpsi pada frekuensi 1600 cm-1 yang menunjukkan adanya vibrasi ulur ikatan C=O dan adanya banyak absorpsi pada 1300-1000 cm-1 yang mengindikasikan adanya serapan ulur yang kuat ikatan C-O. Konjugat antibodi-nanopartikel emas dihasilkan optimum pada pH 9 dan dengan pengenceran antibodi 1:7,5 (v/v). Hasil pengujian spektrofotometer visible menunjukkan adanya pergeseran serapan sebesar 50 nm setelah anti-bodi dikonjugasikan pada nanopartikel emas. Meskipun secara visual tidak begitu jelas, tetapi hasil pengujian pada teststrip menunjukkan bahwa nilai cut off konsentrasi okratoksin yang terdeteksi adalah10 ppb. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik yang dikembangkan dapat diguna-kan untuk deteksi kontaminasi okratoksin.

Produksi imunoglobulin Y (IgY) untuk pengembangan metode deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin (Immunoglobulin Y (IgY) production to develop an early detection method for ochratoxin contamination) Irma KRESNAWATY; . SUHARYANTO; . SISWANTO; Sumi HUDIYONO
Menara Perkebunan Vol. 86 No. 1 (2018): 86 (1), 2018
Publisher : INDONESIAN OIL PALM RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iribb.jur.mp.v1i1.279

Indonesian coffee and cocoa commodities are constrained by low product quality problem due to contamination of fungal metabolites which producing ochratoxin A (OTA). Ochratoxin is neprotoxic, immunogenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic to the human health. Early detection method on site detection should be developed because of those negative effects. The aim of this study was to produce antibody to develop a method for OTA detection. Antibody was produced by immunization of egg laying hen. Antibody-produced was sepatared and analyzed using ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and DBIA (dot blot immunoassay),and tested its composition using HPLC and SDS PAGE. The results showed that anti-OTA polyclonal antibodies had been obtained already from chicken eggs in the 4th period (7 weeks after initial immunization). These antibodies showed anti-OTA reactivity by DBIA method and still showed anti-OTA reactivity up to 9th period (12 weeks after initial immunization). The anti-BSA antibodies produced should be removed to increase the sensitivity of antibodies againts ochratoxin A. The separation of BSA antibodies can be conducted by the absorption of the protein. [Keywords: ochratoxin A; early detection; antibody IgY]. AbstrakKomoditas kopi dan kakao Indonesia terkendala masalah mutu produk yang rendah akibat kontaminasi cendawan penghasil okratoksin A. Okratoksin A (OTA) bersifat neprotoksik, imunogenik, karsinogenik dan teratogenik yang membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Karena efek negatif yang diakibatkan oleh mikotoksin ini, maka perlu dikembangkan deteksi dini kontaminasi okratoksin langsung di lokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menghasilkan antibodi imunoglobulin Y (IgY) untuk mengembangkan metode perakitan perangkat deteksi cepat berbasis imunologi untuk deteksi OTA. Antibodi dihasilkan menggunakan uji ayam petelur. Antibodi yang dihasilkan dipisahkan dan dianalisis aktivitasnya dengan ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) dan DBIA (dot blot immunoassay), serta diuji komposisinya dengan HPLC dan SDS PAGE. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antibodi poliklonal anti-OTA sudah diperoleh dari telur ayam pada periode ke-4 (7 minggu setelah imunisasi awal). Antibodi ini menunjukkan reaktivitas anti-OTA dengan metode DBIA dan masih menunjukkan reaktivitas anti-OTA sampai periode 9 (12 minggu setelah imunisasi awal). Komposisi asam amino antibodi anti-OTA menunjukkan perbedaan dengan komposisi asam amino IgY di database. Antibodi anti BSA yang dihasilkan harus dihilangkan terlebih dahulu untuk meningkatkan sensitivitas antibodi terhadap okratoksin A dan pemisahan dapat dilakukan dengan penyerapan antibodi BSA.[Kata Kunci: okratoksin A; deteksi dini; antibodi IgY].

OPTIMIZATION OF ENZYME-MICROWAVE ASSISTED EXTRACTION, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF POLYSACCHARIDE FROM Ganoderma lucidum Listriyani, Lira Windriawati; Hudiyono, Sumi; Rudiyono, Rudiyono; Zulaeha, Siti; Wibisana, Ahmad
Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI) Vol. 10 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : BRIN - Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.55981/jbbi.2023.1748

Enzyme-Microwave Assisted Extraction (EMAE) is a new process for extracting Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLPs). Cellic® CTec2 was chosen as an enzyme that assists in microwave extraction. The four variables involved in this study were enzyme concentration (%), enzymatic reaction time (minutes), solvent-to-solid ratio (mL/g), and microwave extraction time (minutes). This study showed that the enzyme concentration and solvent-to-solid ratio had a significant effect on the response in the range studied. Yield extraction of polysaccharides from experiments conducted at optimum conditions showed good agreement with the predictions from the model. The EMAE method showed a higher polysaccharide extraction yield than hot water extraction (HWE) method. GLPs from EMAE method had antioxidant activity of 79.47 ± 0.71% (DPPH) and 0.884 ± 0.013 mM Fe2+/L (FRAP), where these values were higher than those of the HWE method.

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