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Dynamics of MUI’s Fatwa on Zakat al-Fitr Paid in Qimah: Analysis of Guidelines for Issuing Fatwas Ahmad Mafaid; Nawir Yuslem; Dhiauddin Tanjung
International Journal Ihya' 'Ulum al-Din Vol 25, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/ihya.25.2.19057

The MUI’s fatwa regarding zakat fitrah through qimah raises some dynamics and contradictions. The fatwa issued by the North Sumatra MUI in 2008, the Aceh MPU in 2014, and the DKI Jakarta MUI in 2018 have different decisions that give rise to contradictions at first glance. Through a literature study using the descriptive analytical method, this study aimed to unravel the dynamics of the fatwa of zakat al-fitr through bimah and analyze it based on the MUI fatwa stipulation guidelines. The results showed that the fatwa issued differed from the procedures for establishing a fatwa. In the MUI fatwa guidelines, it is stated that MUI and Regional MUI fatwa decisions, which are based on predetermined guidelines, have equal status and do not cancel each other, and if there are differences between MUI and Regional MUI fatwa decisions regarding the same issue, a meeting between the two leadership councils needs to be held to find the best solution. This study recommended that the Central MUI review the fatwa of zakat fitrah through bimah and guidelines for establishing fatwas.

An Examination of the Age Restriction of First-Time Voters in Indonesia's Elections From Maqashid Sharia Perspective Faza, Amrar Mahfuzh; Putra, Dedisyah; Mafaid, Ahmad; Rizki, Juni Wati Sri
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 2 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i2.9286

The age restrictions for first-time voters and the age requirements for electoral candidates in Indonesia have become topics of discussion and debate. One such debate revolves around the Constitutional Court’s (MK) Decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023, which allows individuals under 40 years of age to run for president (capres) or vice president (cawapres), as long as they have experience as a regional head. The Supreme Court has also ruled on the minimum age for governor and deputy governor candidates, setting it at 30 years old, as outlined in Decision Number 23 P/HUM/2024. This study aims to analyze the shift in the paradigm regarding age restrictions for first-time voters in the context of Maqashid Syariah. The research employs a normative legal method with a statute approach to examine the paradigm shift in the regulation of age restrictions for voting rights and explores the implications of this shift on electoral justice and the integrity of political leaders, analyzed through the Maqashid Syariah approach. The findings of this study conclude that age restrictions on voting rights need to be relaxed, as age is no longer a determinant of a citizen’s maturity in thinking. In Islam, politics is intended to bring about public benefit in line with the objectives of shariah, as the principle states that the actions of a leader towards their people must be based on the common good. The age restrictions need to be re-evaluated, considering the principle that the original legal status of something is its nonexistence, meaning that the original legal basis for age restrictions on voting and candidacy does not exist. Another principle suggests that legal rulings (fatwas) can change due to changes in time, place, conditions, and objectives (intent). Therefore, it is necessary to re-evaluate the paradigm shift in the regulation of age restrictions for first-time voters to ensure fair elections and local elections for both candidates and voters.

Peningkatan keterampilan bahasa inggris putera puteri pariwisata Mandailing Natal 2023 dalam upaya promosi budaya lokal Zulfikar, Zulfikar; Nasution, Dina Syarifah; Mafaid, Ahmad; Setiadi, Fadlan Masykura; A’zizah, A’zizah
SELAPARANG: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Berkemajuan Vol 8, No 4 (2024): December
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31764/jpmb.v8i4.26856

AbstrakKegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan membekali Putera-Puteri Pariwisata Mandailing Natal 2023 dengan keterampilan berkomunikasi dalam bahasa Inggris yang diperlukan untuk secara efektif berkontribusi pada pengembangan pariwisata dan promosi budaya lokal. Kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat ini juga bertujuan untuk memotivasi para peserta untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan berbahasa Inggris mereka, mengidentifikasi tantangan dalam pembelajaran bahasa Inggris, menemukan solusi, serta merumuskan misi dan visi mereka dalam upaya peningkatan kemampuan berbahasa asing dan promosi budaya lokal. Rangkaian pengabdian terdiri dari tiga tahapan, yaitu penilaian mandiri dan pengisian umpan balik terbuka, presentasi materi, serta evaluasi kegiatan. Hasil penilaian mandiri menunjukkan bahwa mayoritas peserta memiliki preferensi untuk berkomunikasi secara lisan dalam bahasa asing dibandingkan secara tertulis, dengan rasa tidak percaya diri dan kompleksitas tata bahasa Inggris di antara tantangan utama yang dihadapi peserta dalam meningkatkan keterampilan mereka. Melalui pemaparan materi tentang peranan dan manfaat bahasa Inggris sebagai lingua franca beserta tips dan trik belajar dan mengatasi kesulitan belajar, peserta mampu merumuskan dan mempresentasikan upaya-upaya yang akan mereka tempuh dalam meningkatkan kemampuan bahasa asing dan mempromosikan budaya dan pariwisata lokal Mandailing Natal. Tiga peserta dengan presentasi terbaik berdasarkan rubrik penilaian presentasi kemudian dipilih. Hasil evaluasi kegiatan, selain menunjukkan tingkat kepuasan yang tinggi dari peserta terhadap pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini, juga menggarisbawahi perlunya dukungan berkelanjutan dalam program-program yang memberdayakan individu muda untuk menjadi duta budaya yang efektif, sehingga memastikan pelestarian dan promosi warisan budaya Mandailing Natal untuk generasi mendatang. Kata kunci: putera puteri pariwisata; mandailing natal; budaya lokal; bahasa inggris; lingua franca. AbstractThis community service initiative aimed to equip the 2023 Mandailing Natal Tourism Ambassadors with the English communication skills needed to effectively contribute to tourism development and promote local culture. The program also sought to motivate the participants to evaluate their English proficiency, identify challenges in learning English, find solutions, and establish their mission and vision to improve their foreign language skills and promote local culture. The series of activities consists of three stages, which include self-assessment and open feedback, material presentation, and program evaluation. The self-assessment results showed that most participants prefer oral communication in a foreign language over written communication, with lack of confidence and English grammar complexity being the main challenges they face in improving their skills. Through a presentation on the role and benefits of English as a lingua franca, as well as learning tips and strategies for overcoming language-learning difficulties, the participants were able to formulate and present their planned efforts to improve foreign language skills and promote Mandailing Natal’s local culture and tourism. Three participants with the best presentations, based on a presentation rubric, were then selected. The program evaluation results, besides showing a high level of participant satisfaction, also highlighted the need for ongoing support in programs that empower young individuals to become effective cultural ambassadors, thereby ensuring the preservation and promotion of Mandailing Natal’s rich cultural heritage for future generations. Keywords: tourism ambassadors; mandailing natal; local culture; english; lingua franca.

SOSIALISASI PROGRAM BINCANG HUKUM TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KESADARAN LITERASI HUKUM MASYARAKAT DI MANDAILING NATAL Fadlan Masykura Setiadi; Zulfikar; Jhon Tyson Pelawi; Ahmad Mafaid; Muhammad Danil; Sarmadan Pohan
DEVELOPMENT: Journal of Community Engagement Vol. 4 No. 2 (2025): Juni
Publisher : LPPM STAI Muhammadiyah Probolinggo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.46773/djce.v4i2.2135

Legal literacy is a fundamental aspect in forming a society that is aware of the law and able to exercise rights and obligations in a balanced manner. Unfortunately, the level of legal literacy in the Mandailing Natal region is still relatively low, as seen from the lack of public understanding of actual legal issues, especially legal practices related to social and religious life during the month of Ramadan. This community service activity aims to improve community legal literacy through the Bincang Hukum program organized by the Nayottama Reswara Legal Aid Foundation. The activity was held on March 17, 2025 at Dilan Coffee, Panyabungan, Mandailing Natal, involving 23 participants from lecturers, legal practitioners, students, and the general public. Evaluation through pre-test and post-test showed a significant increase in participants' understanding of the legal material presented. In-depth interviews and observations showed that the interactive dialog method and contextual presentation of materials were able to encourage active community participation. These findings suggest that an educative approach based on public discussion can be an effective model in increasing community legal awareness. This program also contributes to strengthening the role of universities and legal aid institutions in legal literacy-based community empowerment.

Kecakapan Menerima Hak Dan Melakukan Perbuatan Hukum Dalam Tinjauan Ushul Fiqh Mafaid, Ahmad Mafaid
El-Ahli : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 1 No 1 (2020): EL-AHLI : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Keluarga Islam STAIN Mandailing Natal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56874/el-ahli.v1i1.66

Abstrak Kecakapan hukum merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting dalam segala bidang hukum, karena setiap perbuatan hukum memerlukan kecakapan hukum. Jika seseorang yang belum cakap hukum melakukan suatu perbuatan hukum, maka perbuatannya tersebut belum dapat dipertanggungjawabkan dan dapat dibatalkan. Sehingga kecakapan hukum ini adalah suatu dasar penentuan seseorang dapat menerima hak dan atau melakukan perbuatan hukum atau tidak. Dalam kajian ushul fiqh seseorang memiliki kriteria-kriteria kecakapan hukum tertentu, baik dalam hal menerima hak maupun dalam hal melakukan perbuatan hukum. Misalnya seperti usia dewasa atau usia mukallaf. Dalam ushul fiqh, mukallaf tidak ditentukan oleh batas usianya namun dilihat dari munculnya tanda-tanda fisik yang menunjukkan kedewasaan seperti haid bagi perempuan dan mimpi basah bagi laki-laki. Selain itu terdapat pengecualian atau faktor-faktor yang menghalangi seseorang untuk memiliki kecakapan hukum. Misalnya bagi orang yang telah memenuhi usia dewasa namun akalnya memiliki gangguan seperti gila atau idiot, maka ia tidak memiliki kecakapan untuk melakukan perbuatan hukum. Kata Kunci : Kecakapan, Perbuatan Hukum, Uhṣul Fiqh Abstract Legal prowess is highly important in all fields of law because every legal action requires legal skills. A legal action undertaken by a person without legal prowess cannot be accounted for and therefore can be nullified. Thus, this legal prowess is a basic premise for someone to exercise his rights and undertake a legal action. In the study of uhṣul fiqh (principles of Islamic jurisprudence), a person must possess certain criteria of legal prowess, both in terms of receiving his or her rights and in carrying out legal actions. For example, someone must be a mukallaf, that is of mature age and sound mind. However, in the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, a mukallaf’s maturity is not determined by his or her age, but rather by the emergence of certain physical indications that confirms someone’s maturity such as menstruation for women and wet dreams for men. Furthermore, there are exceptions or factors that prevent someone from having legal skills. For example, people who are of mature age but suffer from such disorders such as mental illness or intellectual disability are not considered to have the necessary qualification to undertake a legal action. Keywords : Prowess, Legal Action, Uhṣul Fiqh

TOUR DAN HARGA DIRI PERSPEKTIF PSIKOLOGI DAN HUKUM ISLAM Harahap, Ayunda Zahroh; Mafaid, Ahmad
El-Ahli : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 1 No 2 (2020): EL-AHLI : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Keluarga Islam STAIN Mandailing Natal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56874/el-ahli.v1i2.313

Sebagian masyarakat menilai nominal mahar yang fantastis merupakan harga diri perempuan. Jadi, ketika calon suami memberikan sesuatu yang berharga kepada calon istrinya, artinya ia menghargai marwah perempuan. Ini terjadi dalam masyarakat Mandailing dan Angkola yang menganut adat istiadat patrilinier yang mengharuskan adanya tradisi tuhor ni boru. Belakangan ini tuor menjadi kontroversi di ranah Mandailing, besarnya tuor menjadi kendala bagi setiap lakilaki maupun remaja yang akan melangsungkan adat pernikahan. Dalam kaitan ini, Islam hanya meletakkan konsep dan prinsip dasar mahar. Rasulullah Saw. pernah menasehatkan asas normatif mahar bahwa mahar yang baik adalah suatu pemberian yang sederhana, tulus dan tidak memberatkan. Karena mahar bukanlah sebuah rukun juga bukan sebuah syarat dalam perkawinan, melainkan ia adalah salah satu dampak yang diakibatkan oleh akad perkawinan. Oleh sebab itu, posisi mahar menjadi pembahasan penting dalam suatu pernikahan. Perlu pengkajian dari sisi psikologi dan agama, apakah mahar berkaitan dengan harga diri atau hanya sebatas budaya?, apakah mahar menjadi lambang kemampuan atau suatu penghargaan?, mungkin juga sebagai pembanding antara si kaya dan si miskin.

Kecakapan Menerima Hak Dan Melakukan Perbuatan Hukum Dalam Tinjauan Ushul Fiqh Mafaid, Ahmad Mafaid
El-Ahli : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 1 No 1 (2020): EL-AHLI : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Keluarga Islam Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Mandailing Natal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56874/el-ahli.v1i1.66

Abstrak Kecakapan hukum merupakan suatu hal yang sangat penting dalam segala bidang hukum, karena setiap perbuatan hukum memerlukan kecakapan hukum. Jika seseorang yang belum cakap hukum melakukan suatu perbuatan hukum, maka perbuatannya tersebut belum dapat dipertanggungjawabkan dan dapat dibatalkan. Sehingga kecakapan hukum ini adalah suatu dasar penentuan seseorang dapat menerima hak dan atau melakukan perbuatan hukum atau tidak. Dalam kajian ushul fiqh seseorang memiliki kriteria-kriteria kecakapan hukum tertentu, baik dalam hal menerima hak maupun dalam hal melakukan perbuatan hukum. Misalnya seperti usia dewasa atau usia mukallaf. Dalam ushul fiqh, mukallaf tidak ditentukan oleh batas usianya namun dilihat dari munculnya tanda-tanda fisik yang menunjukkan kedewasaan seperti haid bagi perempuan dan mimpi basah bagi laki-laki. Selain itu terdapat pengecualian atau faktor-faktor yang menghalangi seseorang untuk memiliki kecakapan hukum. Misalnya bagi orang yang telah memenuhi usia dewasa namun akalnya memiliki gangguan seperti gila atau idiot, maka ia tidak memiliki kecakapan untuk melakukan perbuatan hukum. Kata Kunci : Kecakapan, Perbuatan Hukum, Uh?ul Fiqh Abstract Legal prowess is highly important in all fields of law because every legal action requires legal skills. A legal action undertaken by a person without legal prowess cannot be accounted for and therefore can be nullified. Thus, this legal prowess is a basic premise for someone to exercise his rights and undertake a legal action. In the study of uh?ul fiqh (principles of Islamic jurisprudence), a person must possess certain criteria of legal prowess, both in terms of receiving his or her rights and in carrying out legal actions. For example, someone must be a mukallaf, that is of mature age and sound mind. However, in the principles of Islamic jurisprudence, a mukallaf’s maturity is not determined by his or her age, but rather by the emergence of certain physical indications that confirms someone’s maturity such as menstruation for women and wet dreams for men. Furthermore, there are exceptions or factors that prevent someone from having legal skills. For example, people who are of mature age but suffer from such disorders such as mental illness or intellectual disability are not considered to have the necessary qualification to undertake a legal action. Keywords : Prowess, Legal Action, Uh?ul Fiqh

TOUR DAN HARGA DIRI PERSPEKTIF PSIKOLOGI DAN HUKUM ISLAM Harahap, Ayunda Zahroh; Mafaid, Ahmad
El-Ahli : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Vol 1 No 2 (2020): EL-AHLI : Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam
Publisher : Program Studi Hukum Keluarga Islam Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Negeri Mandailing Natal

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56874/el-ahli.v1i2.313

Sebagian masyarakat menilai nominal mahar yang fantastis merupakan harga diri perempuan. Jadi, ketika calon suami memberikan sesuatu yang berharga kepada calon istrinya, artinya ia menghargai marwah perempuan. Ini terjadi dalam masyarakat Mandailing dan Angkola yang menganut adat istiadat patrilinier yang mengharuskan adanya tradisi tuhor ni boru. Belakangan ini tuor menjadi kontroversi di ranah Mandailing, besarnya tuor menjadi kendala bagi setiap lakilaki maupun remaja yang akan melangsungkan adat pernikahan. Dalam kaitan ini, Islam hanya meletakkan konsep dan prinsip dasar mahar. Rasulullah Saw. pernah menasehatkan asas normatif mahar bahwa mahar yang baik adalah suatu pemberian yang sederhana, tulus dan tidak memberatkan. Karena mahar bukanlah sebuah rukun juga bukan sebuah syarat dalam perkawinan, melainkan ia adalah salah satu dampak yang diakibatkan oleh akad perkawinan. Oleh sebab itu, posisi mahar menjadi pembahasan penting dalam suatu pernikahan. Perlu pengkajian dari sisi psikologi dan agama, apakah mahar berkaitan dengan harga diri atau hanya sebatas budaya?, apakah mahar menjadi lambang kemampuan atau suatu penghargaan?, mungkin juga sebagai pembanding antara si kaya dan si miskin.

An Examination of the Age Restriction of First-Time Voters in Indonesia's Elections From Maqashid Sharia Perspective Faza, Amrar Mahfuzh; Putra, Dedisyah; Mafaid, Ahmad; Rizki, Juni Wati Sri
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 11 No 2 (2024): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v11i2.9286

The age restrictions for first-time voters and the age requirements for electoral candidates in Indonesia have become topics of discussion and debate. One such debate revolves around the Constitutional Court's (MK) Decision Number 90/PUU-XXI/2023, which allows individuals under 40 years of age to run for president (capres) or vice president (cawapres), as long as they have experience as a regional head. The Supreme Court has also ruled on the minimum age for governor and deputy governor candidates, setting it at 30 years old, as outlined in Decision Number 23 P/HUM/2024. This study aims to analyze the shift in the paradigm regarding age restrictions for first-time voters in the context of Maqashid Syariah. The research employs a normative legal method with a statute approach to examine the paradigm shift in the regulation of age restrictions for voting rights and explores the implications of this shift on electoral justice and the integrity of political leaders, analyzed through the Maqashid Syariah approach. The findings of this study conclude that age restrictions on voting rights need to be relaxed, as age is no longer a determinant of a citizen's maturity in thinking. In Islam, politics is intended to bring about public benefit in line with the objectives of shariah, as the principle states that the actions of a leader towards their people must be based on the common good. The age restrictions need to be re-evaluated, considering the principle that the original legal status of something is its nonexistence, meaning that the original legal basis for age restrictions on voting and candidacy does not exist. Another principle suggests that legal rulings (fatwas) can change due to changes in time, place, conditions, and objectives (intent). Therefore, it is necessary to re-evaluate the paradigm shift in the regulation of age restrictions for first-time voters to ensure fair elections and local elections for both candidates and voters.

Bridging the Gap in Employee Zakat Deductions: A Fiqh-Based Examination of Corporate Zakat Practices in Medan, Indonesia Mafaid, Ahmad; Pelawi, Jhon Tyson
Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan Vol 12 No 1 (2025): Al-Qadha: Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perundang-Undangan
Publisher : Hukum Keluarga Islam IAIN LANGSA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32505/qadha.v12i1.11359

This study aims to analyze the obligation of employee zakat, which is directly deducted by companies, based on the provisions of the Fiqh of Corporate Zakat as formulated by BAZNAS and PERBAZNAS. The study focuses on the inconsistency of the liability principle in calculating corporate zakat, which is typically based on net assets, compared to the practice of employee zakat, which is often deducted from gross income without considering the employee's personal zakat obligations. This research adopts a qualitative approach with a case study design, examining several companies in the Medan area, including BRI, BNI, Bank Sumut Syariah, and BMI. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, document analysis, and non-participatory observations and were analyzed using the interactive model developed by Miles and Huberman. The results show that most of the companies studied (BRI, BNI, and Bank Sumut) failed to apply the liability reduction principle in employee zakat deductions as required. In contrast, one company (BMI) adhered to the liability principle in its employee zakat deductions, as outlined in corporate zakat guidelines. These findings highlight regulatory gaps and injustices in the treatment of employee zakat and emphasize the need for harmonizing Fiqh principles, technical policies, and field practices to create a fairer zakat system in accordance with the Maqasid Sharia

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