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All Journal BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology ASPIRATOR Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-Borne Diseases Studies
Mutiara Widawati
Loka litbang P2B2 Ciamis
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary

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Study of Herbal Topical Repellent Made of Betel Leaves (Piper betle) and Patchouli Oil (Pogostemon cablin) Mixture Against Yellow Fever Mosquito (Aedes aegypti) Mutiara Widawati; M. Umar Riandi
BIOTROPIA - The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biology Vol. 22 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : SEAMEO BIOTROP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (715.731 KB) | DOI: 10.11598/btb.2015.22.1.378

Abstract

Introduction: Exploration of plants as natural repellants to avoid Aedes aegypti mosquitoes that transmit dengue virus to human is worthy. Betel vine leaves (Piper betle L.) could be used as the material of repellant.The study is aimed to test the repellency,potency, and the safety of Piper betel and patchoulli oil modified gel against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.Methods: This study is an experimental study and used nulliparous (3-5 days old) female Aedes aegypti. Before the study, safety test was done which consists of an irritation test. The effectivity test used five treatments: DEET gel for positive control, piper and patchouli mixture gel, piper only gel, patchouli only gel and gel base only. The five treatments were tested as a repellant with five repetitive applications. The effectiveness of Aedes aegypti’s rejection from biting the arms was analyzed using protective percentage.  Results: The irritation test showed no safety concerns. Protective percentage analysis shows that modified betel vine gel has estimated mean protective power of over 90% for 6 hours. The data showed that the modified gels has about the same protective percentage as the DEET (ratio: PP (Neem+piper)/PP (DEET) =0.98; 95% confidence interval 0.93, 1.04; p-value=0.50)Conclusion Betel vine oil with modified formulation has a potential to be utilized as Aedes aegypti mosquito repellantand is safe to be used in further repellency tests.
Efek imunomodulator saliva nyamuk Aedes aegypti (l.) Terhadap sistem imun manusia Alya Arimbi Simangunsong; Mutiara Widawati
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 5 No 2 (2013): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 5 Nomor 2 2013
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (300.99 KB)

Abstract

Mosquito’s saliva is the main fundamental elements in the acquisition of human blood by mosquito, mosquito’s saliva inhibit blood hemostatic response, the influx of saliva also may stimulate the mechanism for effector formation of the host, also in this process we may find some microorganism transmission. By knowing on how the components of mosquito’s saliva process in stimulating our immune system, we could ensure the mechanism for pathogens and emerging diseases in our body. Flow Cytometry method used for detecting whether increased concentration of the saliva gland extract (SGE) affecting the proliferation and development of dendritic cells from bone marrow or not, while for the effect of SGE on lymphocytes is using colorimetric test. The concentration response curve was made to see the effect of SGE on Ae. aegypti cells (DC) and lymphocytes. The proliferation of DC from bone marrow precursor, its development and its function were not directly influenced by SGE of Ae. aegypti (concentration of 2.5 to 40μg/mL). While the results of SGE effects on lymphocytes showed that lymphocytes are extremely sensitive to saliva components. Based on the data, it was concluded that lymphocytes are potential to be a target for the main components of Ae. aegypti saliva compared to its dendritic cells
Mortalitas Aedes albopictus akibat infeksi horizontal Beauveria bassiana dan aktivitas enzim Kitinase B. bassiana Firda Yanuar Pradani; Mutiara Widawati
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 7 No 2 (2015): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 7 Nomor 2 2015
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (757.19 KB)

Abstract

Abstrak. Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit yang disebabkan oleh virus dengue dan ditularkan melalui gigitan nyamuk Aedes aegypti sebagai vektor primer dan Ae. albopictus sebagai vektor sekunder. Pengendalian vektor selama ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan insektisida dengan resiko terjadi resistensi. Upaya pencarian insektisida alternatif yang ramah lingkungan dan aman terus dilakukan dengan melakukan penelitian potensi mikroorganisme seperti bakteri dan fungi. Salah satu fungi yang diketahui memiliki daya patogen terhadap nyamuk adalah B. bassiana. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian konidium B. bassiana dengan konsentrasi berbeda terhadap mortalitas Ae. albopictus. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh kondisi nyamuk terhadap infeksi fungi, potensi infeksi horizontal dari nyamuk jantan yang terinfeksi kepada nyamuk betina sehat dan aktivitas enzim kitinase yang dihasilkan oleh B. bassiana. Data kematian dianalisis menggunakan uji univariate dan dilakukan uji lanjut dengan menggunakan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi konidia berpengaruh terhadap mortalitas Ae. albopictus. Kondisi nyamuk tidak ikut mempengaruhi mortalitas tetapi mempengaruhi kerentanan nyamuk. Tidak ada interaksi dari kedua faktor yang diujikan sehingga kedua faktor berdiri sendiri dalam menentukan kematian nyamuk. Pada konsentrasi 105 angka kematian nyamuk adalah sebesar 23,05%. Konsentrasi lebih tinggi yaitu 107 mengakibatkan mortalitas yang lebih tinggi yaitu sebesar 31,47%. Indeks kitinolitik B. bassiana adalah sebesar 1,67 dan aktivitas spesifik enzim adalah sebesar 1,0557 unit/mg.
Analisis Pengaruh Ekstraksi Non-Polar Batang Pohon Tanjung (Mimusops elengi L.) Terhadap Larva Aedes aegypti (L.) Mutiara Widawati; Lurda Almierza
ASPIRATOR - Journal of Vector-borne Disease Studies Vol 4 No 2 (2012): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 4 Nomor 2 2012
Publisher : Loka Litbang Kesehatan Pangandaran

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (208.459 KB)

Abstract

Abstrak. Pohon Tanjung (Mimusops elengi) merupakan salah satu pohon yang banyak memiliki efekterapeutik dan sudah banyak diteliti sebagai berbagai macam obat, diantaranya obat radang, diare, danasma. Penelitian ini menguji daya larvasida ekstrak batang tanjung untuk larva Aedes aegypti dengan LC50dan LC90, bahan yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu ekstrak pelarut semi polar dan non polardari batang tanjung (Mimusops elengi), yaitu ekstrak etil asetat dan ekstrak heksan. Ekstrak batang tanjungdibuat dengan cara reflux untuk selanjutnya difraksinasi dengan hasil analisis dari kromatografi lapis tipis.Dari penelitian ini diperoleh hasil nilai LC50 dari ekstrak 1, 2 dan 3, yaitu masing-masing 59,36 ppm, 82,53ppm, dan 110,42 ppm. Hasil eksperimen menunjukan bahwa heksan memiliki daya larvasida yang palingkuat dibandingkan dengan ektrak yang lain.
Evaluation of Epidemiological Investigation 1 -2-5 Implementation Program in Sukabumi Prasetyowati, Heni; Widawati, Mutiara; Fuadzy, Hubullah; Fuadiyah, M. Ezza Azmi; Ginanjar, Aryo; Nurindra, Rohmansyah W; Ridwan, Wawan; Hodijah, Dewi Nur; Sulaeman, Rizal Pratama
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v9i3.29599

Abstract

Epidemiological investigations as part of the malaria surveillance system in Indonesia are carried out through the 1-2-5 method. Assessing the 1-2-5 strategy compliance level at the district level is the first step towards determining whether the surveillance and response strategy is working as planned or not. This study was conducted in order to determine whether PE 1-2-5 had been implemented in health centers (puskesmas) in malaria receptive areas according to the technical guidelines issued by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Health centers were determined through purposive sampling technique. The sampling is determined by selecting health centers that have been doing malaria vector control service in 2018 and 2019. Ten Puskesmas in malaria receptive areas in Sukabumi District were selected. The informants in this study were the key players in the malaria program at the health centers: the head of the health centers, the manager of the malaria program, and the village malaria officer (JMD) who were involved in the vector control process in 2018 and 2019 at the selected health centers. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews done by researcher with informants. The interview showed that the malaria program personnel in Sukabumi are doing the strategy as best as possible in order to achieve malaria elimination. 1-2-5 surveillance program in Sukabumi district has been implemented even though the implementation is not as ideal as the technical guidelines suggested by the Indonesian Ministry of Health, Sukabumi district still applied the strategy based on it by adjusting various aspects (resource situation and the availability of facilities) to the suitable condition in Sukabumi.
The Activities on Prevention of Malaria and Filariasis Vector Bites among Indonesian Society: A Nationwide Disease Prevention Survey Widawati, Mutiara; Ipa, Mara; Astuti, Endang Puji; Wahono, Tri; Yuliasih, Yuneu
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 10 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/ijtid.v10i2.36053

Abstract

Vector Borne Diseases are diseases that cause many problems. These diseases are spread by mosquitoes as the vectors. They transmit parasites to humans through their bites. The people who live in Indonesia have several characteristics that make them vulnerable to these diseases. Therefore, it is necessary to explore these characteristics in order to gain better prevention promotional targeting strategy. This study aims to determine the factors that can influence mosquito bite prevention behaviour in Indonesian society.  The data from a nationwide survey research were used with a cross sectional design conducted once in every five years.  The Riskesdas was conducted from April to May 2018 in all districts in Indonesia. The influencing factors observed were including experience of exposure to vector borne diseases (malaria or filariasis), gender, age group, education level and area of residence. This study conducted a multivariate test using logistic regression analysis to determine the factors that influence mosquito bite prevention behaviour. The results demonstrated that the factors of experience of exposure to vector borne diseases, gender, age group, education level and area of residence could determine the mosquitoes bite prevention behaviour in Indonesian society. Respondents who have experience of being exposed to malaria or filaria, under 60 years old, women, college graduates, and rural communities are more likely to prevent mosquito bites, therefore they could be empowered in promoting public awareness towards mosquito bites prevention.
Analisis Indikator Entomologi dan Sebaran Jentik Aedes aegypti pada Daerah Stratifikasi Endemisitas Demam Berdarah Dengue di Kota Jayapura: Analysis of Entomology Indicator and distribution of Aedes aegypti vector based on stratified Endemicity Areas of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) in Jayapura City Hartati, Risda; Satoto, Tri Baskoro T.; Murhandarwati, Elsa Herdiana; Widawati, Mutiara
Aspirator Vol 13 No 2 (2021): Jurnal Aspirator Volume 13 Nomor 2 2021
Publisher : Perkumpulan Entomologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22435/asp.v13i2.4441

Abstract

Abstract. The incidence rate (IR) of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in Papua Province in 2017 was8.04 per 100,000 population, with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 1.12%. In 2016, the Health Office ofJayapura City declared six urban villages as high endemic areas, four urban villages as high sporadicareas, and ten villages as DHF-free areas from a total of 39 urban villages in Jayapura. This studyaims to analyze larval by House index [HI], Container index [CI], Breateu index (BI), and Maya index[MI] as well as the distribution of vector Ae. aegypti in endemic, sporadic and DHF-free areas inJayapura City. The design of this study was a cross-sectional study. This research was conducted fromJanuary to March 2019. Subjects (375 houses) were surveyed according to WHO guidelines basedon its endemicity stratification. Observations of mosquitos’ larvae were done using visual and singlelarvae methods. The result of this research showed that endemic areas had their HI, CI and BI as muchas 43.3%, 16.5%, and 90.0%, respectively, with density figure is six. Sporadic areas had their HI,CI and BI as much as 35.4%, 10.9%, and 57.5%, respectively, with density figure is five. DHF-freeareas had their HI, CI, and BI as much as 14.8%, 5.7%, and 35.2%, respectively, with density figureis five. The Maya index for endemic and sporadic areas was categorized as moderate, while DHF-freeareas were low. Abstrak. Angka incidence rate (IR) Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) Provinsi Papua tahun2017 adalah 8,04 per 100.000 penduduk, dengan case fatality rate (CFR) sebesar 1,12%.Pada tahun 2016 Dinas Kesehatan Kota Jayapura menetapkan 6 kelurahan sebagai daerahendemis tinggi, 4 kelurahan sebagai daerah sporadis tinggi dan 10 kampung sebagai daerahbebas DBD dari total 39 kelurahan yang ada di Kota Jayapura. Tujuan penelitian ini untukmenganalisis kepadatan jentik menggunakan House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), BreateuIndex (BI), dan Maya Index (MI) serta menganalisis sebaran jentik Ae.aegypti di daerahendemis, sporadis dan bebas DBD di Kota Jayapura. Penelitian dilakukan dari Januari-Maret2019 dengan menggunakan metode potong lintang. Subyek penelitian 375 rumah disurveimenurut pedoman WHO menurut stratifikasi endemisitasnya. Observasi jentik nyamukdengan metode visual dan single larvae. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa indeksentomologi daerah endemis dengan nilai HI 43,3%, CI 16,5%, BI 90,0% dengan Density Figure(DF) 6 (tinggi). Sporadis: HI 35,4%, CI 10,9%, BI 57,5%, dengan density figure 5. Bebas DBD HI14,8%, CI 5,7% dan BI 35,2% dengan DF 5 (sedang). Status MI kategori sedang pada daerahendemis dan sporadis dan MI rendah pada daerah bebas DBD.
Co-Authors Alya Arimbi Simangunsong Dewi Nur Hodijah E. Elsa Herdiana Murhandarwati Endang Puji Astuti Firda Yanuar Pradani Ginanjar, Aryo Hartati, Risda Heni Prasetyowati Hubullah Fuadzy Lurda Almierza M. Ezza Azmi Fuadiyah M. Umar Riandi Mara Ipa Nurindra, Rohmansyah W Sulaeman, Rizal Pratama Tri Baskoro T. Satoto Tri Wahono Wawan Ridwan Yuneu Yuliasih