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Study of Protein Hydrolysis and Peptide Antioxidants Activity of Chicken Slaughterhouse Waste and Its Potential for Feed Additives Hartoyo, Bambang; Widyastuti, Titin; Rahayu, Sri; Santosa, R Singgih Sugeng
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol. 24 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in associate with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia (ISPI) and the Indonesian Association of Nutrition and Feed Science (AINI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jap.2022.24.2.133

Ensuring food safety in livestock requires specific feeding technology in agriculture by using feed additives in the form of antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, acidifiers, hormones and enzymes. Bioactive peptides improve the health status of humans and animals. Protein hydrolysis produce peptides that are safe, quickly metabolizable, less risky for livestock products to have contaminant residue. Bioactive peptides are still bound to the original protein, so they need to be released through an enzymatic process. This research explored the potential of chicken slaughterhouse waste to produce biopeptides by hydrolyzing proteins using various proteolytic enzymes. The slaughterhouse waste included chicken feet, intestines, filleting waste and blood plasma. The proteolytic enzymes used were papain, bromelain, protease by Rhizopus oligosphorus, probiotic protease. The observed variables were dissolved protein content with and without precipitation, protein hydrolyzate content, and the degree of enzyme hydrolysis. The research was conducted using exploratory methods. The results showed that the dissolved protein content in the chicken slaughterhouse waste protein concentrate was 1,585 mg/ml (feet), 2,361 mg/ml (intestines), 1,787 (filleting waste) and 2,372 mg/ml (blood plasma). Blood plasma protein concentrate showed the highest yield among other chicken slaughterhouse waste protein concentrates, namely 0.14 mg/ml (hydrolysis of papain), 0.18 mg/ml (hydrolysis of bromelain), 0.56 mg/ml (hydrolysis of R.oligosphorus protease) 0.68 mg/ml (hydrolysis of probiotic proteases). The highest degree of hydrolysis was shown in blood plasma hydrolyzates using probiotic protease enzymes, namely 28.72%. The highest antioxidant activity was 92.92% as observed in chicken feet protein hydrolyzate which was hydrolyzed using papain. Therefore, chicken feet, intestines and fillet waste can produce protein concentrates through precipitation using ammonium sulfate, and plasma using acetone. The highest protein concentration was in blood plasma protein which also produced the highest hydrolysis from hydrolyzing blood plasma proteins with hydrolyzed probiotic protease. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in chicken feet protein hydrolyzate which was hydrolyzed using papain enzyme and incubated for 6h.

Enhancing Blood Profile and Performance of Broiler Supplemented with Biopeptide from Chicken Feet Hartoyo, Bambang; Widyastuti, Titin; Rahayu, Sri; Santosa, R Singgih Sugeng
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol. 25 No. 3 (2023)
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in associate with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia (ISPI) and the Indonesian Association of Nutrition and Feed Science (AINI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jap.2023.25.3.234

Feed manipulation by feeding additive aimed to produce safety and healthy livestock product. Bioactive peptide from chicken feed as one of solution to increase immune function without give any effect to host. This study aimed to evaluate addition of biopeptide from chicken feed to blood profile and performance of broiler. Two hundred one-day-old commercial broiler chicken and assigned to four treatments (0, 2, 4, and 6 %) with ad libitum water during research to evaluate treatment to parameter tested such as feed consumption, weight gain, leucocyte, lymphocyte, erythrocyte and monocyte. Five replication and ten trial unit of broiler used. Addition biopeptide from chicken feed until 6 % did not give any effect (p>0.05) to feed consumption, but there was significant (p<0.05) effect on daily weight gain, statistically. Meanwhile, 40 % dosage of biopeptide from chicken feed increased (p<0.05) quantity of lymphocyte of broiler. It is concluded that the addition of biopeptide enhanced immune of broiler without give any negative effect of broiler performance

Optimization of Hydrolytic Enzyme Production from Tempeh Starter to Increase In Vitro Pepsin Digestibility of Black Soldier Fly Maggot Hasanah, Amanda; Rahayu, Sri; Hartoyo, Bambang; Suhartati, Fransisca Maria; Munasik, Munasik; Hindratiningrum, Novita
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol. 26 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in associate with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia (ISPI) and the Indonesian Association of Nutrition and Feed Science (AINI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jap.2024.26.2.278

This research aims to evaluate the optimal level and incubation time for the production of hydrolytic enzymes from tempeh starter (TS), in order to increase the in vitro pepsin digestibility of Black Soldier Fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, maggot flour. The materials used were commercial tempeh starter, pepsin, and 15 days of age dried BSF maggot. In this study, two experiments were conducted. In a factorial completely randomized design, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to assess the significance of treatment effects, and orthogonal polynomial contrasts were employed to identify specific linear and quadratic trends among the group means. In experiment 1, research was carried out to determine the optimal starter level and incubation time to produce hydrolytic enzymes from tempeh starter. In experiment 2, crude enzyme from the best treatment in the first stage was used to increase the pepsin digestibility of BSF maggot flour. The optimal protein content and enzyme activities of tempeh starter was 0.10-0.13% starter with an incubation time of 2.00-3.47 days. Meanwhile, the optimal pepsin digestibility of BSF maggot flour was 1.51% enzymes with a hydrolysis time of 23.87 hours. This analysis measurement of protein content and enzymatic activity of tempeh starter and in vitro digestibility of BSF flour represent the preliminary methodology used to initially select hydrolyzed BSF flour to be a source of protein in animal feed.

Optimization of Hydrolytic Enzyme Production from Tempeh Starter to Increase In Vitro Pepsin Digestibility of Black Soldier Fly Maggot Hasanah, Amanda; Rahayu, Sri; Hartoyo, Bambang; Suhartati, Fransisca Maria; Munasik, Munasik; Hindratiningrum, Novita
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol. 26 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in associate with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia (ISPI) and the Indonesian Association of Nutrition and Feed Science (AINI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jap.2024.26.2.278

This research aims to evaluate the optimal level and incubation time for the production of hydrolytic enzymes from tempeh starter (TS), in order to increase the in vitro pepsin digestibility of Black Soldier Fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens, maggot flour. The materials used were commercial tempeh starter, pepsin, and 15 days of age dried BSF maggot. In this study, two experiments were conducted. In a factorial completely randomized design, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to assess the significance of treatment effects, and orthogonal polynomial contrasts were employed to identify specific linear and quadratic trends among the group means. In experiment 1, research was carried out to determine the optimal starter level and incubation time to produce hydrolytic enzymes from tempeh starter. In experiment 2, crude enzyme from the best treatment in the first stage was used to increase the pepsin digestibility of BSF maggot flour. The optimal protein content and enzyme activities of tempeh starter was 0.10-0.13% starter with an incubation time of 2.00-3.47 days. Meanwhile, the optimal pepsin digestibility of BSF maggot flour was 1.51% enzymes with a hydrolysis time of 23.87 hours. This analysis measurement of protein content and enzymatic activity of tempeh starter and in vitro digestibility of BSF flour represent the preliminary methodology used to initially select hydrolyzed BSF flour to be a source of protein in animal feed.

Study of Protein Hydrolysis and Peptide Antioxidants Activity of Chicken Slaughterhouse Waste and Its Potential for Feed Additives Hartoyo, Bambang; Widyastuti, Titin; Rahayu, Sri; Santosa, R Singgih Sugeng
ANIMAL PRODUCTION Vol. 24 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University in associate with the Animal Scientist Society of Indonesia (ISPI) and the Indonesian Association of Nutrition and Feed Science (AINI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20884/1.jap.2022.24.2.133

Ensuring food safety in livestock requires specific feeding technology in agriculture by using feed additives in the form of antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, acidifiers, hormones and enzymes. Bioactive peptides improve the health status of humans and animals. Protein hydrolysis produce peptides that are safe, quickly metabolizable, less risky for livestock products to have contaminant residue. Bioactive peptides are still bound to the original protein, so they need to be released through an enzymatic process. This research explored the potential of chicken slaughterhouse waste to produce biopeptides by hydrolyzing proteins using various proteolytic enzymes. The slaughterhouse waste included chicken feet, intestines, filleting waste and blood plasma. The proteolytic enzymes used were papain, bromelain, protease by Rhizopus oligosphorus, probiotic protease. The observed variables were dissolved protein content with and without precipitation, protein hydrolyzate content, and the degree of enzyme hydrolysis. The research was conducted using exploratory methods. The results showed that the dissolved protein content in the chicken slaughterhouse waste protein concentrate was 1,585 mg/ml (feet), 2,361 mg/ml (intestines), 1,787 (filleting waste) and 2,372 mg/ml (blood plasma). Blood plasma protein concentrate showed the highest yield among other chicken slaughterhouse waste protein concentrates, namely 0.14 mg/ml (hydrolysis of papain), 0.18 mg/ml (hydrolysis of bromelain), 0.56 mg/ml (hydrolysis of R.oligosphorus protease) 0.68 mg/ml (hydrolysis of probiotic proteases). The highest degree of hydrolysis was shown in blood plasma hydrolyzates using probiotic protease enzymes, namely 28.72%. The highest antioxidant activity was 92.92% as observed in chicken feet protein hydrolyzate which was hydrolyzed using papain. Therefore, chicken feet, intestines and fillet waste can produce protein concentrates through precipitation using ammonium sulfate, and plasma using acetone. The highest protein concentration was in blood plasma protein which also produced the highest hydrolysis from hydrolyzing blood plasma proteins with hydrolyzed probiotic protease. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in chicken feet protein hydrolyzate which was hydrolyzed using papain enzyme and incubated for 6h.

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