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All Journal Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Biomedical Engineering Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi Farmasi Majalah Obat Tradisional Majalah Farmaseutik Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia Majalah Farmasetika

Ngatidjan Ngatidjan

Departement Of Pharmacology And Therapy, Faculty Of Medicine, Public Health, And Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Author-ID : 437561

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Computer Science & IT Education Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Neuroscience Public Health

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The acceleration of garlic (Allium sativum L) ethanolic extract on gingival wound healing process in Wistar rats Setyo Purwono, Indra Bramanti Ngatidjan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 02 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Garlic (Allium sativum L) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to relieve pain. Garlicâs active constituents, allicin and triacremonone, have been proven to have antibacterial and antiinflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of garlic ethanolic extract gel in gingival wound healing process of rats. Thirty male Wistar rats aged 10 weeks with with body weight 200-250 g were subjected in this study. Rats were divided randomly into five groups with six rats in each group. Group I as negative control was given sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na CMC) base gel. Group II as positive control was given BenzydamineÂ® gel and Group IV-V were given garlic ethanolic extract gel at dose of 20, 40 and 80%, respectively. Each group was subdivided into two sub groups of three rats according to the decapitation period which were 5th (D-5) and 7th (D-7) day after the garlic extract gel application. Excisional wounds using punch biopsy, 2.5 mm in diameter, were created at the mandibular labial gingiva between right and left incisor teeth of the rats. The garlic extract gel of each preparation dose was then applied on the wound three times a day, starting at 0 day until 7th day. The decapitation was conducted on the D-5 and D-7. Histological slides of wounded tissue were prepared. Epithelial thickness, new blood vessel, and number of fibroblast were examined. The results showed that the epithelial thickness of garlic ethanolic extract gel groups was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), especially after 5thday application. However, the number of new blood vessels and the amount of fibroblast of those groups were not significantly higher than control group (p>0.05). In conclusion, topical application of garlic ethanolic extract gel accelerates the gingival wound healing process in rats by increasing epithelial thickness. Â Â Â Â Keywords: garlic ethanolic extract - gingival wound healing - epithelium thickness â fibroblast - angiogenesis

The acceleration of garlic (Allium sativum L) ethanolic extract on gingival wound healing process in Wistar rats Indra Bramanti; . Ngatidjan; Setyo Purwono
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 45, No 02 (2013)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Garlic (Allium sativum L) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to relieve pain. Garlic’s active constituents, allicin and triacremonone, have been proven to have antibacterial and antiinflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of garlic ethanolic extract gel in gingival wound healing process of rats. Thirty male Wistar rats aged 10 weeks with with body weight 200-250 g were subjected in this study. Rats were divided randomly into five groups with six rats in each group. Group I as negative control was given sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na CMC) base gel. Group II as positive control was given Benzydamine® gel and Group IV-V were given garlic ethanolic extract gel at dose of 20, 40 and 80%, respectively. Each group was subdivided into two sub groups of three rats according to the decapitation period which were 5th (D-5) and 7th (D-7) day after the garlic extract gel application. Excisional wounds using punch biopsy, 2.5 mm in diameter, were created at the mandibular labial gingiva between right and left incisor teeth of the rats. The garlic extract gel of each preparation dose was then applied on the wound three times a day, starting at 0 day until 7th day. The decapitation was conducted on the D-5 and D-7. Histological slides of wounded tissue were prepared. Epithelial thickness, new blood vessel, and number of fibroblast were examined. The results showed that the epithelial thickness of garlic ethanolic extract gel groups was significantly higher than control group (p<0.05), especially after 5thday application. However, the number of new blood vessels and the amount of fibroblast of those groups were not significantly higher than control group (p>0.05). In conclusion, topical application of garlic ethanolic extract gel accelerates the gingival wound healing process in rats by increasing epithelial thickness.

The role of transporters on drug therapy . Ngatidjan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 47, No 01 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

ABSTRACTPharmacodynamical studies showed that most drugs elicit their effects by acting on 3 kinds of protein molecules known as receptors, enzymes or transporters. Although their detail properties had not been explained for decades the roles of transporters in drug kinetics and dynamics has been well understood, even have been applied in the therapy. Transporters are classified into 2 major classes, the solute carriers (SLC) and ATP-binding cassette (ABC) families. SLC transporters do not possess ATP binding site property as those of ABC transporters. SLC transporters consist of 3 SLC subfamilies i.e. organic cation transporters (OCTs), organic anion transporters (OATs) and organic anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs). In contrast, ABC transporters require ATP hydrolysis to transport substrate across cell membrane. Human ABC-transporters consist of ABCA1- 13, ABCB1-11, ABCC1-12, ABCD1-4, ABCE1, ABCF1-3 and ABCG1-8 subfamily. Although the originally funtion of transporter is to transport specific physiological substrate such as nutrient, hormone, cytokines, neurotransmitters and other physiological subtances across cell membrane the specificity is not restricted to each substrate. Drugs and other xenobiotics which have structural similarity to the physiological substrates are recognized and transported by the related transporters. The competition of them on transporters therefore may lead to the occurence of drug-drug interactions (DDI) or drugphysiological substrate interaction in the drug-kinetics phase. Many transporters located in the liver, intestinal and renal epithelial cell membranes involve in the transport of endogenous substance or xenobiotics including drugs play important roles as protective barrier. Since transporters also serve as the targets of drug action it is understood that transporters play important role in the pathogenesis of diseases as well as in the drug therapy of diseases.

The influence of proton pump inhibitors on the effect of clopidogrel on the risk of recurrent ischemic stroke Endang Mahati; Jarir Atthobari; . Ngatidjan
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 47, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

Patients surviving with a stroke have an increased risk for recurrent stroke. Clopidogrel iswidely used to prevent recurrent stroke. However, clopidogrel may cause gastrointestinalbleeding (GIB). Therefore, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is recommended to reduce theside effect of clopidogrel. Unfortunately, these both drugs are metabolized in the liverby the same enzyme i.e. cytochrome P4502C19 (CYP219) that may reduce the effectof clopidogrel. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of PPIs on the effectof clopidogrel in the prevention of recurrent stroke. It was a hospital-based case controlstudy conducted in Bethesda Private Hospital, Yogyakarta involving 392 patients withrecurrent stroke as cases and 784 patients with first-ever stroke as controls. The exposureof PPIs during clopidogrel therapy on both cases and controls groups were recordedfrom prescription records for at least six months before index date. The duration of PPIsexposure were categorized as current expoure (less than two months before the indexdate) and recent exposure (2-6 months before the index date). The result showed therewas no influence of PPIs exposure on the effect of clopidogrel on the risk of recurrentischemic stroke (OR: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.56-1.79). Moreover, the current use of PPIs andclopidogrel could decrease the risk of recurrent ischemic stroke (OR: 0.04; 95% CI:0.01-0.41). In conclusion, there is no association between PPI exposure and the risk ofrecurrent stroke in patients receiving clopidogrel.

The effects of furosemide on kidney damage in acute kidney injury rat models Afifah Afifah; . Ngatidjan; Nur Arfian
Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran) Vol 50, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of the Medical Sciences (Berkala Ilmu Kedokteran)

The most frequent cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) is ischemia reperfusion injuriesthat causes inflammation. Furosemide is still used in AKI’s therapy. The advantages anddisadvantages of furosemide in AKI remain controversial. The aim of the study was toinvestigate the effect of furosemide on kidney damage in AKI rat models. Twenty-fivemale (2-3 months old) Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups; sham operation(SO, n=5), ischemic-reperfusion (IR, n=5), IR+furosemide 3.6 mg/kgBW (IR+F1,n=5), IR+furosemide 7.2 mg/kgBW (IR+F2, n=5), and IR+furosemide 14.4 mg/kgBW(IR+F3, n=5). Abdominal surgery was performed under ketamine anesthesia to produceischemic reperfusion (IR) by mean of renal artery clamping for 45 min. Urine output,serum creatinine level, tubular injury score, and TLR4 gene expression were examinedto investigate kidney damage. Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining was measured toexamine kidney tubular injury. Data were analyzed using One-Way ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test with significance level of p<0.05. AKI rat models which were given 3.6 and7.2 mg/kgBW of furosemide (0.014±0.001 mL/min; and 0.012±0.007) showed higher(p>0.05) creatinine clearance compared to IR (0.009±0.003) while administration of 14.4mg/kgBW furosemide (0.009±0.004) denoted equal creatinine clearance to IR (p>0,05).Kidney tubular injury score of 3.6 mg/kgBW furosemide (2.89±0.13) was lower (p>0.05)than IR (3.26±0.19) whereas 7.2 mg/kgBW and 14.4 mg/kgBW furosemide (3.55±0.26;3.83±0.19) were higher (p<0.05) than IR. Administration of 3.6 mg/kgBW furosemide(0.99±0.08) indicated lower (p<0.05) TLR4 gene expression than IR (1.20±0.08) whilst7.2 mg/kgBW furosemide (1.23±0.13) was not-significantly higher (p>0.05) and 14.4 mg/kgBW furosemide (1.63±0.12) was significantly higher (p<0.05) than IR. In conclusion,administration of 3.6 mg/kgBW furosemide reduces kidney damage in AKI rat modelswhile higher dosages (7.2 mg/kgBW and 14.4 mg/kgBW) increase kidney damage.

Co-Authors Afifah Afifah Aryan Morita Dewi, Lucia Vita Inandha Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih Endang Mahati Erna Kristin Eti Nurwening Sholikhah FARIDA HAYATI Indra Bramanti Jarir At Thobari Lukman Hakim Lukman Hakim Mae Sri Hartati Wahyuningsih Mustofa Mustofa Mustofa Mustofa Mustofa Mustofa Mustofa Mustofa Ni Made Dwi Sandhiutami Nur Arfian Pratiwi, Woro Rukmi Rul Afiyah Syarif Setyo Purwono Setyo Purwono Sismindan Sismindan Sitarina Widyarini Soni Prabowo Putra Yuniyanti, Mia Munawaroh

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