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All Journal Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Journal of Tropical Soils CEMARA Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Agro Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Agrin : Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Biofarm : Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Tropis Jurnal Ilmiah Media Agrosains
Heru Adi Djatmiko
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science Medicine & Pharmacology

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Applications of Potassium Fertilizer and Bacillus Sp. Biopesticide for Increasing Tomato Resistance to Bacterial Wilt Disease Prihatiningsih, Nur; Djatmiko, Heru Adi; Rochminarsi, Eny
AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Vol 33, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : Faculty of Agriculture University of Brawijaya and Indonesian Agronomic Assossiation

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Abstract

Bacterial wilt on tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a crucial disease, because it can reduce yield until 50%. The aims of this research were: 1) to find out biopesticide formula for Bacillus sp.growth, 2) to test Bacillus sp. against R. solanacearum in vitro, 3) to test potassium fertilizer combined with Bacillus sp. for enhancing tomato resistance to the bacterial wilt disease. The research was conducted in 2 steps i.e to test the persistence of Bacillus sp. In biopesticide formula, and to test the best combination of both potassium and the Bacillus sp. biopesticide. The results showed that Bacillus B298 was the best isolate in its persistence on the biopesticide formula of organic growth medium+CaCO3+CMC 1%+mannitol 1%, and in inhibiting R. solanacearum. The best biopesticide formula for the Bacillus sp. persistence was growth organic media+ CaCO3+CMC 1%+mannitol 1%. Bacillus sp. was able to increase tomato resistance to the bacterial wilt disease from the category of susceptible to be tolerant and becoming resistant.   Keywords: tomato, Ralstonia solanacearum, potassium and Bacillus sp.
AKTIVITAS SIDEROFOR BACILLUS SUBTILIS SEBAGAI PEMACU PERTUMBUHAN DAN PENGENDALI PATOGEN TANAMAN TERUNG Prihatiningsih, Nur; Djatmiko, Heru Adi; Lestari, Puji
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol 17, No 2 (2017): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (194.171 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.217170-178

Abstract

Siderophore activity of Bacillus subtilis as plant growth promoters and biological control agent of eggplants pathogens. The aims of this research were to identify the siderophores of B. subtilis, to assess its activities as plant growth promoters and biological control agent of eggplants pathogens. Five isolates of B. subtilis i.e.B46, B209, B211, B298 and B 315 grown on SDCASA medium. The isolate which showed the best siderophores production was then further studied on its ability as a growth promoter on eggplants in two soil types with different Fe content. The inhibitory test was conducted against two kinds of pathogens, namely Colletotrichum sp. and Ralstonia solanacearum. The greenhouse experiment was arranged using a factorial completely randomized block design. The first factor was the B. subtilis (B. subtilis B298 and without B. subtilis B298), second factor was the type of soil (Ultisol and Andisol). The variables measured were Fe uptake by plants, plant growth parameters on eggplant i.e. height, leaf number, root length, root volume, weight of fresh and dried shoot as well as fresh and dry root, percentage of inhibition to fungal and bacterial eggplant pathogens. The results showed that the five isolates of B. subtilis were able to produce siderophores as catecholate and hydroxamate types. The best siderophore production was showed by B. subtilis B298. The ability of B. subtilis B298 in accelerating the growth of plants was indicated by the increased of uptake Fe, plant height, leaf number, root volume, weight of dried plants by 45.62%, 25.48%, 19.45%, 41.10% and 34.89% respectively. The inhibition to the fungal and bacterial eggplant pathogens best shown by the isolates of B. subtilis B298 with 55.4% and 22 mm respectively.
CHARACTERIZATION OF EGGPLANT ENDOPHYTE BACTERIA AND RHIZOBACTERIA AS WELL AS THEIR ANTAGONISTIC ABILITY AGAINST Ralstonia solanacearum Saridewi, Larasati Puspita; Prihatiningsih, Nur; Djatmiko, Heru Adi
JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA Vol. 20 No. 2 (2020): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.220150-156

Abstract

Characterization of eggplant endophyte bacteria and rhizobacteria as well as their antagonistic ability against Ralstoniasolanacearum. Bacterial wilt caused by Ralsonia solanacearum is one of important diseases causing severe loses in eggplantproduction. Various strategies were used to manage bacterial wilt, including planting resistant varieties, soil amandement, andsoil solarization. However, management of R. solanacearum in eggplant by using endophytic bacteria and rhizobacteria werenot been done that much. The objective of this study was to: (1) characterization of endophytic and rhizobacteria; (2)determines the inhibition ability of endophytic and rhizobacteria isolates against R. solanacearum pathogen on eggplant. Thelaboratory experiment was arranged in completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The double layermethod using yeast peptone glucose agar (YPGA) medium was used in vitro test. Based on the morphological characteristicsthese isolates were suspected as a member of genus Bacillus. Among the isolates used in this study, TK isolate showed thebest capability to inhibit growth of R. solanacearum.
Komponen epidemi penyakit antraknosa pada tanaman cabai di kecamatan baturaden kabupaten Banyumas Nur Prihatiningsih; Heru Adi Djatmiko; Erminawati Erminawati
Jurnal Agro Vol 7, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Jurusan Agroteknologi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/8000

Abstract

Penyakit antraknosa merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman cabai yang dapat menyebabkan kegagalan panen dan kerugian mencapai 80 %. Tujuan penelitian untuk menilai perkembangan penyakit antraknosa cabai di Kecamatan Baturraden, menguji pengaruh  komponen epideminya terhadap pertumbuhan jamur Colletotrichum gloeosporioides dan penekanan penyakit pada buah cabai. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey dengan pengambilan sampel secara purposive random sampling di empat desa di Kecamatan Baturraden Kabupaten Banyumas. Pengujian pengaruh komponen epidemi dilakukan di Laboratorium Perlindungan Tanaman Faperta Unsoed dengan menumbuhkan jamur C. gloeosporioides pada beberapa suhu dan menguji penekanan penyakit pada buah cabai.  Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Variabel pengamatan yaitu intensitas penyakit, laju infeksi, kecepatan pertumbuhan jamur, persentase penghambatan pertumbuhan jamur dan penekanan penyakit pada buah cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyakit antraknosa di desa Kemutug Lor menunjukkan intensitas penyakit tertinggi yaitu 76% dengan laju infeksi 0,345 unit/hari.  Suhu optimum yang mendukung  pertumbuhan C. gloeosporioides yaitu 29oC, dengan kecepatan pertumbuhan 14,72 mm.hari-1. Pertumbuhan C. gloeosporioides dihambat oleh bakteri endofit cabai BE2 sebesar 78,6%.  Bakteri endofit cabai dapat menekan penyakit antraknosa pada buah cabai dengan efektivitas 30,93%. Anthracnose is the main disease in chili that can cause crop failure and losses up to 80%. The aim of the study was to assess the development of chili anthracnose in the Baturraden district, to examine the effect of its epidemic components on the growth of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and suppression of anthracnose. The research method used was a survey with purposive random sampling in four villages in Baturraden district, Banyumas Regency. Testing the effect of epidemic components was carried out in Plant Protection Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture Unsoed by growing the C. gloeosporioides at several temperatures, and testing the disease suppression of chilies with chili endophytic bacteria. The design used was a Completely Randomized Design. The variables observed were disease intensity, infection rate, fungal growth rate, percentage of inhibition of fungal growth, and disease suppression in chilies. The results showed that chili anthracnose in the village of Kemutug  Lor showed the highest intensity of 76% with an infection rate of 0,345 units per day. The optimum temperature that supported the growth of C. gloeosporioides was 29oC with a growth rate of 14,72 mm day-1. Growth of C. gloeosporioides was inhibited by endophytic bacteria BE2 chili by 78,6%. Chili endophytic bacteria could suppress anthracnose in chilies by 30,93% effectivity.
ENZIM AMILASE SEBAGAI KOMPONEN ANTAGONIS BACILLUS SUBTILIS B315 TERHADAP RALSTONIA SOLANACEARUM KENTANG Nur Prihatiningsih; Heru Adi Djatmiko
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 16 No. 1 (2016): MARET, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (142.126 KB) | DOI: 10.23960/j.hptt.11610-16

Abstract

Enzyme amylase as an antagonist component of Bacillus subtilis B315 against potato Ralstonia solanacearum. One of the antagonist mechanism of Bacillus subtilis B315 is that it produced secundary metabolites. Enzyme amylase is produced by B. subtilis B315 as a secondary metabolite. The aims of the research were: (1) to test mechanism of antagonistics by B. subtilis B315 against potato Ralstonia solanacearum and (2) to detect antibiosis activity of B. subtilis B315. The research was conducted in the Laboratory of Plant Protection Agriculture Faculty and Laboratory of Integrated Research of Jenderal Soedirman University from April to October 2014. The research method is an experimental with growing double layer of B. subtilis B315 in YPGA medium and Ralstonia solanacearum in water agar. This research used a Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments and 8 replications. The treatments were B. subtilis B1, B. subtilis B46 and B. subtilis B315. The activity of antibiosis was tested by amylase activity enzyme and than it was analyzed using FTIR (Fourier Transform-infra Red). Result of the research showed that B. subtilis B315 could suppress R. solanacearum growth with 14 mm inhibition zone. Antibiosis activity of B. subtilisB315 as biological agents was showed by the production of amylase enzyme by activity of 0,802 unit/ml. Analysis by FTIR was showed by the production of compound group of alkane, aldehyde, ketones, carboxylic acid, esther, amina, and amida.
PENEKANAN NABATI PADA TANAH TANAMAN TOMAT TERKONTAMINASI Fusarium oxysporum F.SP. lycopersici Andri Sugito; Heru Adi Djatmiko; Loekas Soesanto
Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia Vol 12, No 1 (2010)
Publisher : Program Studi Ilmu Tanah Fakultas Pertanian UNIB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31186/jipi.12.1.13-18

Abstract

[BOTANICAL SUPPRESSION ON CONTAMINATED TOMATO SOIL BY Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici]. A screen house study was carried out to identify the best botanical materials and their application time on suppression of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici pathogen in contaminated soil and on the growth of tomato. A randomized block design with three replications was used allocate 19 treatment combinations of botanical materials (extract of neem leaves, clove leaves, teak bark, pine bark, and catalpha leaves) and time of applications (4, 2, or  4 and 2 weeks before planting).  Observations were made on the development of the pathogen, disease intensity, and plant growth. Results showed that all botanical materials used could reduce the pathogen population but not the plant growth components. Extract of clove leaves applied at 4 weeks before planting was the best in decreasing the pathogen population (79.22 %).
KESESUAIAN TIGA BAKTERI ANTAGONIS DENGAN EMPAT JENIS MINYAK ATSIRI Resti Fajarfika; Heru Adi Djatmiko; Darini Sri Utami
Jurnal Ilmiah Media Agrosains Vol 5 No 1 (2019): Edisi Desember
Publisher : Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (UP2M) Politeknik Banjarnegara

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kesesuaian tiga bakteri antagonis dengan empatjenis minyak atsiri. Pengendalian hayati menggunakan bakteri Bacillus sp. B298,Streptomyces spp. S4, dan Pseudomonas fluorescens dengan memadukan pengendaliannabati (minyak atsiri cengkeh, serai wangi, temulawak dan nilam) pada konsentrasi 0,04; 0,2;1; dan 5%, bakterisida (streptomycin sulfat 20%), air dan pelarut (isopropil alkohol, minyaktanah, dan tween 20) menggunakan metode cakram kertas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkanbahwa tiga bakteri antagonis tidak ada kesesuaian dengan konsentrasi empat jenis minyakatsiri dan bakterisida, tetapi ada kesesuaian terhadap air dan pelarut.
Potential of Biological Agents for Controlling Basal Rot Disease and Promoting Plant Growth in Shallot Djatmiko, Heru Adi; Khamidi, Tamrin; Haryanto, Totok Agung Dwi
Jurnal Fitopatologi Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 1 (2022): Januari 2022
Publisher : The Indonesian Phytopathological Society (Perhimpunan Fitopatologi Indonesia)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14692/jfi.18.1.9-18

Abstract

Potential of Biological Agents for Controlling Basal Rot Disease and Promoting Plant Growth in Shallot The use of biocontrol agents has been known as one component in integrated disease management for shallot. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of three biocontrol agents (Bacillus subtilis strains B1 and B298, and nonpathogenic Fusarium oxysporum T14a) in suppressing the incidence of basal rot disease and promoting the growth of two shallot varieties (‘Bima Brebes’ and ‘Tajuk’) in the field. The experimental research was arranged in a factorial randomized block design consisting of two factors, i.e. type of biocontrol agent and shallot’s variety. It was shown that application of biocontrol agents prolongs the incubation period of the disease. All biocontrol agents increase plant resistance and reduce the incidence of basal rot disease. B. subtilis B1 and nonpathogenic F. oxysporum T14a had high efficacy, i.e 81.53% and 58.02%. Based on the observation of disease incidence and the area under the disease progression curve, it is known that var. ‘Tajuk’ is more susceptible to basal rot disease than var. ‘Bima Brebes’. Furthermore, the analysis showed that all biocontrol agents were able to increase the percentage of germination, leaf area index, plant growth rate, total chlorophyll in leaves and productivity. The highest percent increase over control in productivity was obtained by B. subtilis B1 (45.45%) followed by nonpathogenic F. oxysporum T14a (37.88%) and B. subtilis B298 (28.79%). Two of the three biocontrol agents tested, i.e. B. subtilis B1 and nonpathogenic F. oxysporum T14a are potential agents for controlling basal rot disease in shallots because they have good ability to increase plant growth and productivity.
Karakterisasi biokimia bakteri endofit akar terung sebagai pemacu pertumbuhan tanaman dan pengendali penyakit layu bakteri in planta Saridewi, Larasati Puspita; Prihatiningsih, Nur; Djatmiko, Heru Adi
Jurnal Proteksi Tanaman Tropis Vol 1 No 1 (2020): Januari
Publisher : Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Jember - Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jptt.v1i1.15579

Abstract

An important disease in eggplant is bacterial wilting caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. The aim of this research is to characterize the biochemical endophytic bacteria isolated from eggplant root (BEAT) and as an agent for promoting plant growth and controlling bacterial wilt disease in planta. This research was conducted at the Plant Protection Laboratory and screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto. This research was conducted descriptively to test the biochemical character of BEAT and used a Complete Randomized Block Design (RCBD) in the in planta test with 4 treatments, 6 replications and 3 plants each treatment, so that 72 plants were tested. The treatment consisted of control (without endophytic bacteria) and 3 BEAT isolates. The results showed that the endophytic bacterium AKc isolate had the ability as a bacterium to promote plant growth by producing IAA phytohormones, phosphate solvents, enzymes producing proteases, cellulase, amylase, chitinase, and HCN, as well as increasing the root volume and fresh weight of plants respectively by 40, 42% and 31%, suppressing the disease intensity by 33.33% and able to suppress bacterial wilting the best on the AUDPC value that is 47.32% -day.
Isolation, Characterization, and Selection of Bacillus sp. from Shallot Rhizosphere that Inhibits Fusarium oxysporum Growth Saputra, Alil; Prihatiningsih, Nur; Djatmiko, Heru Adi; Kurniawan, Dhadhang Wahyu
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 28, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.89634

Abstract

Bacillus sp. is a Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) species that lives in the rhizosphere. This bacterium can produce antifungal compounds that suppress pathogenic fungi, such as Fusarium oxysporum. The aim of this research was isolate, characterize, and obtain Bacillus sp. that can inhibit F. oxysporum which causes twisted disease in shallots. Isolation was done by sampling 10 g of soil from shallot roots, placing it in 9 mL of sterile water, and carrying out a series of dilutions. The first dilution was incubated at 80 °C for 20 minutes to obtain Bacillus sp. on the selective medium HiChrome. Colony morphology, shape, cell color, Gram staining, catalase and endospore staining were observed from obtained isolates. An antagonist test was done to determine the inhibitory effects of isolates against the pathogenic fungus F. oxysporum. Four isolates of Bacillus sp. were obtained with irregular colony shape, dull white color without muccus, edges varying in shape between lobate and undulate, and raised elevation. The results of the antagonist test showed that the four isolates had the ability to inhibit the growth of the pathogenic fungus F. oxysporum with the greatest inhibition shown by isolate BM1 at 30.12%, with an antibiosis mechanism and hyphae swelling.
Co-Authors Andri Sugito DARINI SRI UTAMI Dhadhang Wahyu Kurniawan Eny Rochminarsi Erminawati erminawati Fitri, Syabila Nurul Hirma Windriyati, Ratna Dwi Loekas Soesanto Nur Prihatiningsih Nur Prihatiningsih Nur, Subandi PUJI LESTARI Rahayu Ahadiyat, Yugi Resti Fajarfika Risqa Naila Khusna Syarifah Saparso Saparso Saputra, Alil Saridewi, Larasati Puspita Suwarto Suwarto Tamrin Khamidi Totok Agung Dwi Haryanto Ukhtani, Alma Endah Wulansari, Nur Kholida