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MAHDIISME DALAM HADIS-HADIS MAHDAWIYAH Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
Jurnal Theologia Vol 30, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Humaniora, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/teo.2019.30.2.3620

This paper discusses the origins of Mahdiism (al-Mahdi al-Muntaẓar) that are constructed using the mahdawiyyah ḥadīth with the status of aḥad (single transmitter) and ḍa'īf (weak). Nevertheless, this belief (Mahdiism) has deep roots in the theological reason of Muslims. By the historical approach, the finding shows that Mahdiism has roots in millenarianism (belief of the saviors' presence) that had existed in pre-Islamic traditions, such as Jewish and Christian. The elementary form of Islamic millenarianism is the concept of prophethood, but when the prophethood concept was deemed finished, it continued into the concept of Mahdiism. The first emergence of Mahdiism is in line with the emergence of mahdawiyyah ḥadīth. The emergence context of the mahdawiyyah ḥadīth revolves around the power transition from the Umayyad dynasty to the Abbasid dynasty, which always involved Shiite followers as the political victims. The contact between Shiites with the Jewish former and Christian former during the conflict at that time influenced the style of Shiite theology, like as millenarianism. The Shi'ites propagate the presence of al-Mahdi, as the savior from descendants of the prophet (Ahl al-Bait) described through the mahdawiyyah hadiths. Among the narrators of mahdawiyyah ḥadīth are Jewish former (Ka'ab al-Aḥbar) and Christians former (Wahb b. Munabbih). They were the pioneers who incorporated the millenarianism into the Mahdiism.

The Teaching Of Religious Moderation In The Arba’in Hadith Of Mahfuzh al-Tarmasi and The Arba'in Hadith Of Hasyim Ash'ari Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
Jurnal Ushuluddin Vol 27, No 2 (2019): July - December
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24014/jush.v27i2.6728

In the first of 20th century, there were two local hadith books written by two archipelago scholars whose teacher and student status, namely the al-Minhah al-Khairiyah fî Arba’îna Hadîtsan min Ahâdîtsi Khair al-Bariyyah by Mahfuzh al-Tarmasi (d. 1919/1920 AD) and the Arba’ûna Hadîtsan Tata’allaqu bi Mabâdi’u Jam’iyyatu Nahdlatu al-Ulamâ’ by Hasyim Ash'ari (d. 1947 AD). Both of books have a different theme structure from the Arba'in tradition books written by their teachers in the Middle East. For this reason, this paper focuses on how the writing context and the intelectual discourse are contained in the text. The two books of Arba’in hadith were written in order to counter wahabism that at that time attacked the religious thoughts and practices of the archipelago Muslims with the accusations of takfirism. The morality in these books is more directed to moderate the attitudes towards anyone, even against the enemy. As like Ritchey, yellow book or turats is an effective medium for moderating religious attitudes in Islam

Mahdiism and Political Movement (Critical Study on Hadith of Mahdawiyah) Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
Proceeding Of The International Seminar and Conference on Global Issues Vol 1, No 1 (2015): Proceeding of The International Seminar and Conference 2015
Publisher : Proceeding Of The International Seminar and Conference on Global Issues

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Believing in the presence of Imam al-Mahdi (called by Mahdiism) becomes an important part in the majority of Islamic theology. On the other hand Mahdiism always present in the crisis context that hit the depressed group, such as politic, economic, social and cultural. Therefore, mahdiism have double-faced in its presence, between religious movements and political movement to recapture the glory of Moslem ever achieved. Religion is a frame of ideology that legitimate and effective in political movement mission. This movement always complete with its ideology and its foundations of legitimacy. Mahdiism ideology in Islam is framed through hadith texts of mahdawiyah. These hadith is always related to the utopian hopes for the struggle (jihad) spirit. By Mahdiism, Islam as a religion has been converted into a religious political movement. Keyword: mahdiisme, hadis of mahdawiyah, religious political movement

Menyoal Kembali Teori Evolusi Agama J.G. Frazer dalam Keberagamaan Masyarakat Jawa Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
Millati: Journal of Islamic Studies and Humanities Vol 1, No 1 (2016): Millati
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Salatiga

Religion is seen as the result of philosophers’ thinking production which has a tendency to solve the riddle of life and to spread their ideas and their thoughts to others. Frazer is one pushed for discovering when the religion began to exist. The conclusion is that the human belief system, in accordance with a level of reasoning ability, evolves from magical belief, than religous belief, and ends on science. Nevertheless, when it is compared to the religious phenomenon in Indonesia, especially in Java, Frazer’s theory is not entirely true and debatable. The religious system in Java exactly does not have evolution as interpreted in Frazer’s theory. With its elasticity, genuine Javanese belief – dynamism and animism – only underwent assimilation with foreign cultures that came later like Islam and Christian, and including Western culture. In the context of Javanese religiosity, those three beliefs system as intended by Frazer, take place integrally and parallel in modern Javanese culture.

Hadis Khilâfah dan Relasinya terhadap Kontestasi Politik Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) Pasca-Perpu Nomor 2 Tahun 2017 Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
Mutawatir : Jurnal Keilmuan Tafsir Hadith Vol. 8 No. 1 (2018): JUNI
Publisher : Jurusan Tafsir Hadis Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

After the dissolution of Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) by the Ministry of Law and Human Rights, sympathizers of HTI tried to appeal in various ways. One of them is to build the opinions through the dakwah media of HTI about the authenticity of al-Khilâfah al-Islâmîyah sources in the religious narratives. This propaganda means that the political system fought for by HTI is a part of the Islamic Shari‘a which have to be defended, rejecting it means kufr. However, the legality of khilâfah’s source is problematic. The Qur’an does not mention it, while the hadith that mentions the khilâfah is more problematic. The hadith of khilâfah only narrated by Ah}mad b. H{anbal on his book. This ?adîth arises due to the attitude of ?abîb b. Salîm who looked for face in front of ‘Umar b. Abd al-‘Azîz as the khalifah claimed by ‘alâ minhâj al-nubuwwah. The triumph at that time was dreamed by HTI to be re-realized. To realize that vision, HTI interprets the religious texts to the political platform that means has mixed religious functions and political functions become one.

Contradiction of The Social and Political Classes at The Beginning of Islamic Emergence Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
Jurnal Penelitian Volume 15 Nomor 1 2018
Publisher : IAIN Pekalongan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28918/jupe.v15i1.1045

This study analyzes the opposition of the social, political and religious classes in Arab society at the beginning of the period of Islamic presence. This study is qualitative research whose data is obtained through books, journals and other documents and is discussed with content analysis. The result of this study proved that the early Arab society in the presence of Islam valued wealth as a measure of social strata. Hierarchically, the bourgeoisie was the Arab ruler, while the proletariat and slaves became the second class of society which for many years was always under the pressure of the employer / ruler. The presence of Muhammad Saw (d. 632 AD) by calling for the establishment of social and legal justice was able to attract the proletariat and slaves to convert to Islam and jointly carry out social status resistance. The narrations of the Qur'an also support the existence of class equality between the rich and the poor, the ruler and the people, which distinguishes them only the level of faith. This kind of millenarian movement makes Islam stronger with the spirit of humanism.

Makna Kalalah dan Penindasan Hak Perempuan Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol. 16 No. 1 (2015)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/esensia.v16i1.985

The article discusses the shifting process of free inheritance system (wasiat) into the codified one (ilm al-faraidh). In this shift of system, Hadis serves as its key factor. In the realm of interpretation discourse and Islamic Law, al-Syafi’i pays keen attention on the use of Hadis. In addition, the use of Hadis implicates a sequence of methodologies in order to support certain arguments, such as found in the ijma’.The use of hadis relatively functions as mediation of various ideas, applying particular way toward certain intended conclusion. Having utilized the methodological formulation, Al-Syafi’i, in this regard, situates the involvement in the interpretation of inheritance verses (QS. 4:11-12 and 176). Al-Syafi’i’s view has deeply embedded in al-Thabari, one of the interpreters on the school. Both al-Syafi’i and al-Thabari have implemented Hadis as the main source in interpretating of the inheritance verses. As the result, it reveals the following concluding remarks: 1). the deletion of the wasiat verses with the inheritance ones, 2). the codification of reading in a passive form (yuratsu and yusa), and 3). the codification of “kalalah” meaning becoming all the heirs except mother, father and the children. Although the codification can mediate the debates, it still reveals a further complicated problem.The problem is on the fact that there are some heiress that actually deserved on the inheritance, but they are in the danger of disinheritance. In inheritance context, it serves not only the passing process of the property between previous and recent generations, but it also relates women’s existence and the positionality vis a vis that of men. In a historical investigation and cross-reference, it is profound that the meaning of “kalalah” denoted female in law (wife, daughter in law or probably sister in law) that deserved as the heiress of the man.[Tulisan ini menggambarkan proses perubahan sistem waris yang bebas (wasiat) menjadi sistem waris yang baku (ilm al-faraid). Dalam perubahan ini, hadis memegang peran kunci. Dalam percaturan wacana penafsiran maupun hukum Islam, penggunaan hadis telah ditanamkan sebegitu penting oleh al-Syafi’i. Melalui hadis juga terbentuk seperangkat metodologi, seperti ijma’, yang bisa dijadikan sebagai penguat sebuah argumentasi. Penggunaan hadis pun mampu menutup segala bentuk perbedaan pendapat, dengan menggiringnya pada satu kesimpulan yang dikehendaki. Dengan rumusan metodis yang ditanamkan, al-Syafi’i otomatis terlibat dalam percaturan wacana penafsiran ayat waris (QS. 4:11-12 dan 176). Pandangan al-Syafi’i mampu mengakar kuat dalam benak para penafsir di kalangan mazhabnya, di antaranya al-Thabari. Baik al-Syafi’i maupun al-Thabari, hadis dijadikan rujukan utama dalam penafsiran ayat waris ini, sehingga menghasilkan kesimpulan bertahap: 1) adanya pembatalan ayat wasiat oleh ayat waris, 2) pembakuan bacaan dalam bentuk pasif (yuratsu dan yusa), dan berakhir pada 3) pembakuan makna kalalah menjadi semua ahli waris selain ibu-bapak dan anak. Meskipun pembakuan ini mampu meredam perdebatan, tetapi tetap meninggalkan problematika yang lebih rumit. Ada beberapa golongan perempuan yang sebenarnya berhak menerima warisan, kini terhapuskan dari daftar ahli waris. Dalam pewarisan bukan semata pengaturan peralihan kekayaan antar generasi, tetapi juga menyangkut kedudukan dan eksistensi perempuan vis a vis dengan laki-laki. Melalui investigasi historis dan cross refrence, terungkaplah makna kalalah sebagai female in law (istri, menantu perempuan, atau mungkin ipar perempuan) yang berhak menerima warisan almarhum.]

Zakaria Ouzon’s Thought on Hadith Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol. 18 No. 1 (2017)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/esensia.v18i1.1470

Departing from the discomfort over the stagnation of intellectual life in Muslim world today, which mainly imprisoned in ”traditional reading” (qirā’ah taqlīdiyyah), Zakaria Ouzon tries to break the tradition by restoring religious texts into historical frame. For him, the ultimate authority of revelation belongs only to the Qur’an, while other religious texts are the products of ijtihād and very open to criticism and more dynamic. Hadith and its sciences are very dynamic. Therefore, Ouzon looks at the hadits from different frame. For him, the hadits is the Prophet’s reports on events that happened to the Prophet and his interaction with his companions. As the logical consequence, Ouzon offers the hadith criticism models with an emphasis on the historicity and rationality of the content. The knowledge of hadith not only limited to the past as the truth was improsined within the text, but it is necessary to contextualize the hadith. Therefore, the hadith sciences is very dependent on the dynamics of social and humanities sciences along with scientific knowledge, so that the truth that is brought also becomes local and temporal entity.[Berangkat dari kegelisahan atas fenomena kejumudan nalar umat Islam saat ini yang terbiasa dengan pembacaan tradisional (qirā’ah taqlīdiyyah), Zakaria Ouzon berusaha mendobrak tradisi dengan mengembalikan teks-teks agama pada sisi historisitasnya. Baginya, yang memiliki otoritas kewahyuan hanyalah al-Qur’an, sementara teks-teks agama lainnya bersifat ijtihādī sehingga ia sangat terbuka atas kritik dan lebih dinamis. Hadis dan Ilmu Hadis merupakan wilayah yang sangat dinamis. Karena itu Ouzon memandang Hadis dari episteme yang berbeda. Baginya, Hadis merupakan laporan-laporan sahabat Nabi atas peristiwa yang terjadi pada diri Nabi dan interaksinya dengan sahabat-sahabatnya. Konsekuensi logisnya, Ouzon menawarkan model-model kritik hadis dengan penekanan pada sisi historisitas dan rasionalitas teks. Pengetahuan hadis tidak sekedar pengetahuan masa lalu dengan atribut kebenarannya ada pada teks, tetapi upaya kontekstualisasi hadis adalah keharusan pengetahuan. Karena itu pengetahuan hadis sangat bergantung pada dinamika pengetahuan sosial humaniora dan pengetahuan sains modern sehingga kebenaran yang diusung juga bersifat lokal dan temporal.]

Moderating Islam Through Indonesian Muslim Manuscript on Ngariksa YouTube Channel: The Study of Sufi's Understanding on the Qur'an and Hadith Text Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
ESENSIA: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol. 22 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/esensia.v22i2.3038

Manuscripts that teach a moderate religious understanding are considered capable of warding off ideological conflicts and maintaining security and stability. This paper shows how the strategy of Muslim philologists to moderate religious understanding, especially in the Qur'an and hadith understanding, through the introduction of ancient manuscripts packaged in the online study of the Ngariksa YouTube channel. Using the digital humanities approach of David M. Berry, Ngariksa’s activity is a part of the socio-cultural practice as a system of knowledge that is carried out in a plural manner, in the sense that information, materials, archives, and documents that are digitally documented can influence the institutionalization of science mediated by new technology, such as computing and internet. In the socio-cultural practice in the digital space, it is necessary to change the character of the Indonesian Muslim community in a more moderate. This change is due to the classical narratives containing moderate past knowledge from moderate figures. In this context, Ngariksa presents Ibrahim al-Kurani's perspective on Sufism that is based on the outer and inner meanings of the texts of the Qur'an and Hadith. An understanding based on just outward meaning is vulnerable to religious extremism.

Contradiction of The Social and Political Classes at The Beginning of Islamic Emergence Muhammad Rikza Muqtada
Jurnal Penelitian Volume 15 Nomor 1 2018
Publisher : LPPM UIN K.H. Abdurrahman Wahid Pekalongan

This study analyzes the opposition of the social, political and religious classes in Arab society at the beginning of the period of Islamic presence. This study is qualitative research whose data is obtained through books, journals and other documents and is discussed with content analysis. The result of this study proved that the early Arab society in the presence of Islam valued wealth as a measure of social strata. Hierarchically, the bourgeoisie was the Arab ruler, while the proletariat and slaves became the second class of society which for many years was always under the pressure of the employer / ruler. The presence of Muhammad Saw (d. 632 AD) by calling for the establishment of social and legal justice was able to attract the proletariat and slaves to convert to Islam and jointly carry out social status resistance. The narrations of the Qur'an also support the existence of class equality between the rich and the poor, the ruler and the people, which distinguishes them only the level of faith. This kind of millenarian movement makes Islam stronger with the spirit of humanism.

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