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All Journal JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Pagaruyuang Law Journal Aksara: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Nonformal Science Midwifery Indonesian Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (IJCLC) Dikmas: Jurnal Pendidikan Masyarakat dan Pengabdian Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities Formosa Journal of Multidisciplinary Research (FJMR) Maksigama : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Universitas Wisnuwardhana Malang Jurnal Hukum dan Keadilan
Sri Ayu Astuti, Sri Ayu
Unknown Affiliation
Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Dentistry Education Environmental Science Health Professions Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Nursing Public Health Social Sciences Veterinary Other

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Legal liability of nurses in adverse events: A normative-empirical analysis of patient safety governance at RSUD dr. Soeroto Ngawi Widyastuti, Melita; Astuti, Sri Ayu; Ropii, Imam; Putra, Marsudi Dedi; Kuntardjo, Carolina
Science Midwifery Vol 14 No 1 (2026): April: Health Sciences and related fields
Publisher : Institute of Computer Science (IOCS)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35335/midwifery.v14i1.2341

Abstract

Adverse events pose a serious threat to patient safety in hospitals. Data from RSUD Dr. Soeroto Ngawi reveal fluctuations in medical incident cases over 2021–2024 (n=354), with procedural and medication errors dominating patient safety reports. A critical research gap persists regarding inconsistent SOP implementation and a blame culture that suppresses transparent incident reporting — gaps unaddressed through an integrated legal-empirical lens. This study aims to analyze forms of nursing negligence, construct a legal accountability framework, and identify barriers and resolution efforts at a regional public hospital. An empirical legal approach was employed, combining case-based and statutory analysis. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with eight key informants, observation, and document review, then analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods with legal triangulation. Results indicate that nursing negligence primarily occurs in patient identification and clinical communication during handover. Nurses' accountability is manifested through immediate clinical responses, IKP system reporting, and root-cause investigations under Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health. Accountability nonetheless remains hindered by psychological barriers and structural workload imbalances. The scientific contribution of this study is the Dual-Layer Accountability Model, which proportionately assigns legal liability between individual professional conduct and institutional systemic failures — a framework absent from prior Indonesian health law scholarship. It is recommended that hospital management adopt a non-punitive just culture, digitize incident reporting, and strengthen clinical risk management training to ensure legal certainty for nurses while advancing patient safety.
Co-Authors Kuntardjo, Carolina Nuha, Royus Yunior Stivenson Putra, Marsudi Dedi Roeswandi, RM Achmad ropii, imam Somala, Taufik Dany Suistiyono, Dwi Setiaputra Supyanto, Heri Widyastuti, Melita Wirotomo, Heristiawan Aryo Yuswanti Yuswanti