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All Journal Politika: Jurnal Ilmu Politik Jurnal Filsafat Journal of SouthEast Asian Human Rights Jurnal Ilmiah Peuradeun Jurnal Filsafat Jurnal HAM Khazanah: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Humaniora Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran (JRPP) International Journal of Indonesian Philosophy & Theology JOURNAL SCIENTIFIC OF MANDALIKA (JSM) DISKURSUS Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi Jurnal Politik Millah: Journal of Religious Studies Jurnal Ledalero
Otto Gusti Ndegong Madung
Institut Filsafat Dan Tenologi Kreatif (IFTK) Ledalero, Maumere 86152, Flores, NTT
Religion Arts Humanities Astronomy Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Environmental Science Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other

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Konsep Liberalisme Politik John Rawls sebagai Jawaban terhadap Tantangan Masyarakat Plural dan Kritik atasnya: John Rawls' Liberalism as a Response to the Challenge of Contemporary Plural Society and Some Arguments against It Gusti Ndegong Madung, Otto
DISKURSUS - JURNAL FILSAFAT DAN TEOLOGI STF DRIYARKARA Vol. 18 No. 2 (2022): Diskursus - Jurnal Filsafat dan Teologi STF Driyarkara
Publisher : STF Driyarkara - Diskursus

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (306.173 KB) | DOI: 10.36383/diskursus.v18i2.327

Abstract

This article aims to explore critically John Rawls’ concept of political liberalism which is meant to be a response to the conflict and contestation of ideologies, religions, and other comprehensive doctrines in contemporary plural society. The key question is how the universalized principles of justice can be formulated in the conditionof radical pluralism characterized by contestation of different comprehensive doctrines. In answering this question, John Rawls suggests the concept of overlapping consensus and public reason. While taking accountof the fundamental contribution of John Rawls’ thought in the process of overcoming conflicts in a plural society, this essay discusses further some weaknesses of Rawls’ concept of political liberalism, and at thesame time proposes a new model of political philosophy which provides room for fundamental dissent. This new political philosophy can be called liberal fundamentalism. Fundamentalism basically expressesitself in public sphere in the form of liberality. This essay argues that liberal fundamentalism can create a social condition where fundamental moral differences are accepted, respected, and recognized. Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan membahas secara kritis konsep liberalisme politik John Rawls sebagai jawaban atas konfl ik dan kontestasi pandangan hidup atau doktrin komprehensif yang menandai masyarakat kontemporer yang plural. Pertanyaan pokok yang dibahas dalam tulisan ini ialah, bagaimana prinsip-prinsip keadilan yang berlakuumum dapat dirumuskan dalam kondisi factum pluralisme atau pertarungan doktrin-doktrin komprehensif tersebut. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan ini, Rawls menganjurkan dua konsep yakni overlapping consensus dan public reason. Tanpa mengabaikan kontribusi Rawls dalam menyelesaikan konflik dalam masyarakat plural, tulisan ini lebih jauh menunjukkan kelemahan konsep liberalisme politik John Rawls, dan menganjurkan sebuah filsafat politik baru yang harus memberi ruang bagi disensus-disensus fundamental. Filsafat politik baru itu dapat dinamakan posisi fundamentalisme liberal. Sebuah fundamentalisme yang mengungkapkan diri di ruang publik dalam bentuk liberalitas. Artinya, kondisi sebuah masyarakat yang memberi ruang bagi pertentangan-pertentangan etis fundamental, namun dihadapi dengan sikap pengakuan dan penghargaan atas perbedaan fundamental tersebut.
Ende Rahim Pancasila: Embrio Pancasila dalam Nilai-nilai Budaya Masyarakat Ende-Lio Adrianus Yohanes Mai; Amandus Benediktus Seran Klau; Otto Gusti Ndegong Madung
Journal Scientific of Mandalika (JSM) e-ISSN 2745-5955 | p-ISSN 2809-0543 Vol. 6 No. 6 (2025)
Publisher : Institut Penelitian dan Pengembangan Mandalika Indonesia (IP2MI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36312/10.36312/vol6iss6pp1615-1625

Abstract

Pancasila is the crystallization of the values of culture, religion and customs of the Indonesian nation. Knowing the history of its birth and also the socio-cultural bedground are essential to fully understand Pancasila. Ende is a historical place because it was in this place where Sukarno contemplated the Indonesian values that was revealed in Pancasila. This study analyzes how the values of the Ende-Lio cultural community as the embryo of the birth of Pancasila. The method used in this study is a qualitative ethnographic method in which five points of Pancasila are analyzed based on the cultural values of the Ende-Lio community. Based on this study, it can be concluded that every item of Pancasila is basically contained in the cultural values of the Ende-Lio community.
Pedasaran Filsafat Hak Asasi Manusia Menurut Höffe and Lohmann Madung, Otto Gusti Ndegong; Mai, Adrianus Yohanes; Mere, Winibaldus Stefanus
Jurnal HAM Vol 16, No 1 (2025): April Edition
Publisher : Badan Strategi Kebijakan Hukum

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30641/ham.2025.16.1-10

Abstract

This article aims to philosophically justify the universality and the existence of human rights. Historically, the concept of human rights has evolved according to the context in which human rights are lived. One of the themes of debate is how human rights are justified or validated and how they can be universally accepted. Philosphers always have different opinions about what constitutes the basis of human rights. This article considers Höffe and Lohmann who sepciafically address this problem. Based on the philosophical approaches of Otfried Höffe and Georg Lohmann, this research emphasizes the universal validity of human rights. On the one hand, Otfried Höffe justifies the necessity of human rights in his anthropological approach of “transcendental exchange” which is the conditions for the possibility of being human. These conditions concern humans as physical and living beings, as linguistic and rational beings, and as social and cooperative beings who have transcendent interests in their lives. On the other hand, Georg Lohmann grounds human rights through a mutual moral obligation to recognize others as equal subjects.  Moral obligation arises from a person’s ability to decide what is good or bad. Both Höffe and Lohmann ground human rights on reciprocity. In analyzing both views of human rights, qualitative method is used in this research which focuses on literature study. This research finds that the universal nature of human rights is grounded in human vulnerability, reciprocity of mutual respect, and integration of moral obligations into legal frameworks for the protection of self-determination and dignity.
Security Governance, Non-Governmental Actors, and the Limited Statehood Legitimacy in the Southeast Asia Landscape: A Conceptual Analysis Regus, Maksimus; Epafras, Leonard Chrysostomos; Madung, Otto Gusti
Jurnal Politik Vol. 10, No. 2
Publisher : UI Scholars Hub

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This paper discusses security governance in Southeast Asia by looking at the role of non-state actors and the limits of the state in forming security governance. In addition, our study discusses the increasing trend of security threats in the region. We argue that non-state actors play a crucial role in addressing security concerns by patching the gap caused by the limited capability of Southeast Asian states. Our study utilises a qualitative-narrative approach based on data from previous studies, especially studies in the last decade or so. This paper also aims to link the current security governance study with the broader policy-making process in Southeast Asia.
PERAN TEOLOGI PEMBEBASAN ASIA DALAM MENGATASI KEMISKINAN DI PAROKI SANTO YOHANES PEMBAPTIS BOGANATAR-KEUSKUPAN MAUMERE Kasiwali, Yulius Candra; Mingkol, Maria; Madung, Otto Gusti; Buru, Puplius Meinrad
Jurnal Review Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Vol. 7 No. 1 (2024): Volume 7 No 1 Tahun 2024
Publisher : LPPM Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jrpp.v7i1.25664

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) memahami teologi pembebasan konteks Asia, (2) mengetahui masalah kemiskinan di Paroki Santo Yohanes Pembaptis Boganatar, (3) mengetahui peran teologi pembebasan Asia dalam mengatasi kemiskinan di Paroki Santo Yohanes Pembaptis Boganatar. Metode yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif-kuantitatif. Wujud data dalam penelitian ini berupa sumber data primer dan skunder dari hasil wawancara dengan Pastor Paroki, Pastor Rekan, dan umat di Paroki St. Yohanes Pembaptis Boganatar. Penulis juga menggunakan buku-buku referensi yang berhubungan dengan peran teologi pembebasan Asia dalam mengatasi kemiskinan di Paroki Santo Yohanes Pembaptis Boganatar. Sejak tahun 1950 Paroki St. Yohanes Pembaptis Boganatar berdiri sampai sekarang pelayan pastoral mengalami tantangan yang paling signifikan adalah masalah kemiskinan. Factor penyebab kemiskinan sebagai berikut: pengaturan ekonomi rumah tangga yang kurang bijak. Oleh karena itu, Gereja terus memperbaharui diri berjalan dalam karya pastoral. Semangat berjalan bersama dapat diwujudkan oleh Keuskupan Maumere melalui kegiatan Sinode II Keuskupan Maumere. Berdasarkan rangkuman hasil Sinode Paroki Santo Yohanes Pembaptis Boganatar mengenai pemberdayaan ekonomi menjadi masalah pokok yang dihadapi umat adalah rendahnya pendapatan ekonomi keluarga. Demikian juga ditingkat Keuskupan Maumere dalam rangkuman akhir dan rekomendasi Sinode II Keuskupan Maumere pada tanggal 24-28 Oktober 2022 menemukan masalah yang sama yakni tentang kemiskinan. Masalah pokok program pemberdayaan ekonomi umat dan warga yaitu: sebagian besar umat miskin ada dua penyebab yaitu minimnya pendampingan wirausaha yang belum bermutu dan manajemen keuangan belum teratur. Oleh karena itu, teologi pembebasan Asia memiliki peran atau pengaruh dalam upaya mengatasi kemiskinan di Paroki St. Yohanes Pembaptis Bogatar-Keuskupan Maumere, yang benar-benar nyata dan dihidupi melalui kegiatan katekese, analisis sosial dan sinode keuskupan Maumere.
Slavoj Zizek’s Criticism of Neoliberalism and Radical Political Subjects Nanto, Yohanes De Brito; Madung, Otto Gusti
Jurnal Filsafat "WISDOM" Vol 34, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Fakultas Filsafat, Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jf.89626

Abstract

Neoliberalism strongly endorses private property rights, free markets, and free trade. In the neoliberal economic system, the role of the state is to create and protect the existence of the market. This article aims to discuss Zizek’s critique of neoliberalism and his account of the radical subject. In this article we try to show that neoliberalism has negative impacts on developing countries, among which are the ecological crisis, economic crisis, and the privatization of national assets. We further elaborate on Zizek’s conviction that the presence of radical subjects can solve this problem by breaking through neoliberalism as The Big Other. The post-liberal ideology that he sees as an alternative for creating people’s welfare is “new communism,” which is different from the old communism proposed by Lenin. This communism emphasizes global solidarity in dealing with global problems and reinvigorates the role of the state as a facilitator to support the national economy.      
Liberalisme versus Perfeksionisme? Sebuah Tinjauan Filsafat Politik tentang Relasi Antara Agama dan Negara Madung, Otto Gusti
Jurnal Ledalero Vol 12, No 2 (2013): AGAMA DAN NEGARA
Publisher : Ledalero Institute of Philosophy and Creative Technology (IFTK Ledalero), Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31385/jl.v12i2.86.173-190

Abstract

Intolerance and violence in the name of religion often flare up in Indonesia. In this regard the state often fails, and indeed itself becomes part of the violation of the citizen’s right to religious freedom. One root of the problem is a confused understanding among law enforcers and among a part of the citizenship concerning the relationship between religion and the state, between private and public morality. This essay attempts to formulate a concept of the relationship between religion and the state from the perspective of two models from political philosophy, namely liberalism and perfectionism. Perfectionism offers a solution to the pathology of liberalism which tends to privatise the concept of the good life. In perfectionism the thematisation of the concept of the good life as in ideologies and religions has to be given a place in the public sphere. In Indonesia this role is taken by the national ideology of Pancasila. Pancasila requires that religious values be translated into public morality. Kata-kata Kunci: liberalisme, perfeksionisme, konsep hidup baik (agama), negara, Pancasila.
PANCASILA, DEMOKRASI LIBERAL DAN KOMUNITARISME Madung, Otto Gusti
Jurnal Ledalero Vol 13, No 2 (2014): Gerakan Sosial untuk Perubahan Sosial
Publisher : Ledalero Institute of Philosophy and Creative Technology (IFTK Ledalero), Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31385/jl.v13i2.76.311-336

Abstract

The domcratisation process which has been pursued by the Indonesian nation since the reformation era is now caught up in a procedural democracy without the wellbeing of the people or social justice. Proceduralism is the most basic criticism of liberal democracy by republicans and communitarians. From a communitarian perspective, the Pancasila state ideology as the normative base and collective identity of the Indonesian nation is able to offer a way out of the crisis of liberal democracy as practised in Indonesia. This essay attempts to show that it is not an effort to build a democratic order upon procedural ethics as is assumed by liberals, but rather the need to provide a substantial ethical foundation. This is the case as a democratic system is not filled with atomistic individuals but with social relationships. A democratic process always moves within a society shaped by social relationships and various complex processes for the formation of communities. Democracy is built upon a collective identity which is formal yet fragile. In the Indonesian context, the Pancasila is the collective expression the nation’s identity. As a collective identity, the Pancasila will never be complete, but will always be in a state of becoming rediscovering itself anew. In the final section, two methods are presented, namely the method of deliberative and agonistic democracy as a way proposed by contemporary political philosophy in overcoming conflicts in values in the face of pluralism. The Pancasila will become the collective identity which animates the people of Indonesia, only when it is open to a process of rational deliberation in the public sphere and is ready to be only one alternative in the midst of a competitive discourse. Kata-kata kunci: liberalisme, komunitarisme, Pancasila, identitas kolektif, demokrasi, deliberasi, agonistik.
Co-Authors Adison Adrianus Sihombing Adrianus Yohanes Mai Amandus Benediktus Seran Klau Kasiwali, Yulius Candra Mere, Winibaldus Stefanus Mingkol, Maria Nanto, Yohanes De Brito Paulus Pati Lewar Puplius Meinrad Buru Regus, Maksimus Winibaldus Stefanus Mere Winibaldus Stefanus Mere Zaenuddin Hudi Prasojo