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All Journal JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan PROSIDING SEMINAR KIMIA Jurnal Kimia Mulawarman ALCHEMY Jurnal Penelitian Kimia JURNAL ATOMIK Jurnal Bahan Alam Terbarukan
Noor Hindryawati, Noor
Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Mulawarman
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Energy Engineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology

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Journal : JURNAL KIMIA SAINS DAN APLIKASI

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Preparation of Fe3O4/TiO2/ZnO Composite as a Photocatalyst for the Degradation of Methylene Blue: Optimization and Light Source Variations Wulandari, Duwi Devi; Hindryawati, Noor; Subagyono, RR Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti
Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Vol 28, No 7 (2025): Volume 28 Issue 7 Year 2025
Publisher : Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics, Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jksa.28.7.374-386

Abstract

The Fe3O4/TiO2/ZnO (MTZ) composite was synthesized by preparing Fe3O4 via the coprecipitation method, TiO2 via the hydrothermal method, and ZnO via the precipitation method. The three oxides (Fe3O4, TiO2, and ZnO) were composited using the solid-state method with varying mass ratios (1:2:1, 2:1:1, 1:1:2, and 1:1:1) and calcined at 600°C for 4 h to obtain MTZ composites. The composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and particle size analysis (PSA). The results indicated that the Fe3O4/TiO2/ZnO composite with a 1:1:2 ratio (MTZ3) exhibited the most favorable properties. MTZ3 was evaluated as a photocatalyst for methylene blue degradation under UV light, with variations in irradiation time, catalyst mass, and dye concentration. Further tests were conducted under sunlight and dark conditions using both the composite and its individual oxides (Fe3O4, TiO2, and ZnO). Reuse tests assessed the stability of MTZ3 after repeated cycles. Under optimum conditions (catalyst mass 0.4 g, methylene blue concentration 20 ppm, irradiation time 60 min), MTZ3 achieved 80.4% degradation under UV light. Under sunlight, degradation efficiency reached 98.7%, while under dark conditions it was only 4.5%. Reuse tests demonstrated consistent performance over three cycles, maintaining 80.4% degradation, surpassing previous studies on Fe3O4–TiO2 (1:2) composites, which achieved 67.49% degradation over two cycles. These results suggest that the MTZ3 composite is a stable and efficient photocatalyst with excellent potential for dye degradation under various light sources.
Co-Authors -, Rahayuningsih Abdul Aziz Adhaina, Karina Aditya, Adrian Maulana Ahmad, Atika Aulia Akbar, Muhammad Marion Alimuddin Alimuddin Aman Sentosa Panggabean Apriliana, Nina Arief, M. Syaiful Ashari, Irfan Audi Zahid Iswaradi Az Zahra, Upi Fathimah Bergita, Angela Br Ginting, Survina Osalia Chairul Saleh Corebima, Damianus Develistur Daniel -, Daniel Daniel Daniel Duratulhikmah, Nur Fadhilah Elean, Samuel Erwin Erwin Eva Marliana, Eva Gaanty Pragas Maniam, Gaanty Pragas Hariati, Hariati Hariati, Hariati Helbianurramdan, Helbianurramdan Hiyahara, Irfan Ashari Husna Syaima Indriani, Isah Waliah Kusmiaty, Prilianda Laksono, Annuary Larasati, Zarra Udyani Laurentha, Nantha Mid, Arsy Aprilia Muhammad Marion Akbar N. S, R. R. Dirgarini Julia N., R.R. Dirgarini N., R.R. Dirgarini Julia Nanang Tri Widodo Octavianus, Riyan Octavianus, Riyan Oktaviani, Reka Palentin, Ersa Rizkita Pasuluran, Nirwanto Prastiwi, Mela puah, Siti Mar Putra, Narundana Perdana Putri, Rinda Anisyah Putriani, Elsa Avrilia Rahayuningsih Rahayuningsih, Rahayuningsih RAHMAT GUNAWAN Rahmat Gunawan Rakhmad, Rakhmad Ratna Kusuma Ronaldy, Igo Marsat Rudi Kartika, Rudi Saputra, Herdian Sari, Ermalia Lintang Sari, Helbyarti Mawar Setiawan, M. Pratsojo Soerja Koesnarpadi Subagyono, Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti Subagyono, R.R. Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti Subagyono, R.R. Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti Subagyono, RR Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti Subagyono, RR Dirgarini Julia Nurlianti Sukanadi, I Putu Sumarni Sumarni Syukri, Irma Syukri, Irma Tandirerung, Edman Tanjung, Faisal Teguh Wirawan Teguh Wirawan, Teguh Tika Widyastuti Wahyuni Ramadhani Wilsoma, Wilsoma Winanti, Renita Anggun Winni Astuti, Winni Wulandari, Duwi Devi Wulandari, Siti Aprilia Yuli Yana