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Analisa Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Biji Nangka (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) dengan Metode Frap (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) Maulana K, Andi; Naid, Tadjuddin; Dharmawat, Dewi Tri; Pratama, Mamat
bionature Vol 20, No 1 (2019): April
Publisher : Fakultas MIPA UNM

Abstract. Our daily life is very often in contact with free radicals which is one of the causes of disease. To neutralize the work of free radicals Antioxidants are needed. Antioxidants are compounds that donate one or more electrons to oxidant compounds. Jackfruit seeds often become waste that is not used by the community. Jackfruit seeds contain chemicals such as flavonoids, saponins and steroids. This study aims to study and determine the antioxidant activity of jackfruit seed extract (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) By the FRAP method (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power). The sample was extracted using the maceration method and the extract obtained was analyzed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 716.20 nm using quercetin as a comparison. Based on data analysis, the average value of antioxidant activity of jackfruit seed extract (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) Amounts to 4.8819 mgQE / g extract, meaning that each gram of extract contains 4.8819 mgQE which is in accordance with quercetin standards. This shows that jackfruit seed extract has antioxidant activity which is equivalent to quercetin.Keywords: Antioxidants, Jackfruit Seeds (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.), FRAP, UV-Vis Spectrophotometer

PENETAPAN KADAR FLAVONOID FRAKSI ETIL ASETAT DAUN KARET KEBO (Ficus elastica) DENGAN METODE SPEKTROFOTOMETRI UV-VIS Suhaenah, Asriani; Pratama, Mamat; Amir, A. Hesti Wulandasari
Jurnal Ilmiah As-Syifaa Vol 13, No 1 (2021): AS-SYIFAA JURNAL FARMASI
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi UMI

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/jifa.v13i1.761

Rubber plant (Ficus elastica) is a plant that has been widely used as traditional medicine. The leaves of this plant are used as medicine for coughing up blood, laxative urine, relieving pain and improving blood circulation. Various kinds of properties and benefits of the rubber plant (Ficus elastica) cannot be separated from Â the compounds contained in it such as saponins, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Â The aims of this research is to determine the flavonoid total content in the ethyl acetate fraction of the rubber leaves (Ficus elastica). Simplicia was extracted by maceration method, using 96% ethanol solvent for 3x24 hours and partitioned with a mixture of 96% ethanol - aquadest (2:3) and ethyl acetate as a solvent. Determination of flavonoid content using UV-Vis spectrophotometry method , with a maximum wavelength of 438 nm, using quercetin as a comparison. The results of this research obtained that the total flavonoid content in the ethyl acetate fraction ofÂ rubber leaves (Ficus elastica) was an average of 74,345 mgQE/g fraction

Identification of Formalin in Raw Tofu from Sidenreng Rappang District Traditional Markets Hasrianti, Hasrianti; Suhaenah, Asriani; Pratama, Mamat
Pharmaceutical Reports Vol 3, No 1 (2024): (March) Pharmaceutical Reports
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/pharmrep.v3i1.290

Formalin (Formaldehyde) is a chemical compound whose use is prohibited as a preservative in food additives. This study aims to analyze the content of formalin (Formaldehyde) in raw tofu circulating in Sidenreng Rappang district. The test method used was by qualitative analysis using Schiff reagent and KMnO4. The quantitative analysis using the UV-Vis spectrophotometry method. The test results used Schiff reagent and KMnO4, the four tofu samples contained formalin. Test results on the UV-Vis Spectrophotometry method at a wavelength of 555 nm, obtained formalin levels in sample with sample code A = 1.130%, sample code B = 1.826%, sample code C = 1.84%. It can be concluded that in the formaldehyde qualitative analysis test on raw tofu, the three samples positively contained formaldehyde. As well as the results of the measurement of the three positive samples containing formaldehyde using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer.

Antioxidant Activity Test of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Avocado Seeds (Persea americana Mill.) Using the 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhdrazyl Method Rahmat, Sri Rahayu; Pratama, Mamat
Pharmaceutical Reports Vol 3, No 1 (2024): (March) Pharmaceutical Reports
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/pharmrep.v3i1.288

Avocado is a plant that can thrive in tropical areas such as Indonesia and is one of the types of fruit that is popular with the public, however, avocado seeds have not been used optimally so that they are wasted as waste. Based on phytochemical experiments, avocados also contain phenolics, tannins and flavanoids which have antioxidant activity. Antioxidants are compounds that can be used to counteract free radicals. Dietary fiber and antioxidants are two types of components that are very useful in improving health and being able to prevent various diseases. The extraction method used in this study is reflux where the sample is heated for 6 hours with the solvent used to evaporate at high temperatures, but it will be cooled by the condenser so that the solvent which was in the form of vapor will condense in the condenser and fall again into the reaction vessel so that the solvent will still be there during the reaction. This study aims to analyze the antioxidant activity of the ethyl acetate extract of avocado seeds using the DPPH method. Quantitatively, the ethyl acetate extract of avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) was measured at a maximum wavelength of 516 nm using quercetin as a reference standard. The research results showed that the value was 903.08 μ/mL. Quantitatively, the ethyl acetate extract of avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) was measured at a maximum wavelength of 516 nm using quercetin as a reference standard. The research results showed that the value was 903.08 μ/mL. Quantitatively, the ethyl acetate extract of avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill.) was measured at a maximum wavelength of 516 nm using quercetin as a reference standard. The research results showed that the value was 903.08 μ/mL.

Irritation Assessment of Herbal Deodorant from Essential Oil of Pomelo (Citrus maxima) Peel on Rabbit Skin Wisdawati, Wisdawati; Handayani, Selpida; Pratama, Mamat
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 12, No 3 (2024): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Institute for Halal Industry and System (IHIS) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.12139

A deodorant manages an unpleasant body odor through both reducing and suppressing antibacterial activity and it is formulated generally using antibacterial agents and fragrances. Nowadays, quaternary ammonium compounds like triclosan, aluminum salts, and odor eliminators are used as antibacterial agents and fragrance in deodorant products. A nature-based deodorant potentially replace the synthetic deodorant with less irritating effect. Pomelo (Citrus maxima) is one of the Indonesian plants which has some bioactive compounds, including limonene. Essential oil of Pomelo peel (EOPP) exhibits an antibacterial activity as well as fragrance. The aim of this research is to observe the irritation effect of EOPP deodorant on rabbit skin. The irritation assay of herbal deodorant of EOPP with various concentrations (F1: 1.25%; F2: 2.5% and F3: 5%) was carried out based on protocol for dermal acute irritation test on rabbit skin. All the formulations performed the same grades (negligible criteria) with the irritation index of F1, F2 and F3: 0; 0.037 and 0.148, respectively. The herbal deodorants with various concentrations of EOPP did not show an irritating effect on rabbit skin.

Antioxidant Activity and Total Carotenoids Level of Litopenaeus vannamei Fawwaz, Muammar; Baits, Muzakkir; Pratama, Mamat; Abidin, Zainal
Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Vol 11, No 3 (2024)
Publisher : Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24198/ijpst.v11i3.41481

Udang putih (Litopenaeus vannamei) merupakan salah satu spesies Crustacea yang cangkangnya mengandung senyawa karotenoid. Senyawa ini merupakan antioksidan alami yang berpotensi tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karotenoid total pada ekstrak cangkang L. vannamei dan mengevaluasi aktivitas antioksidannya secara in vitro. Ekstrak diperoleh dengan cara maserasi menggunakan n-heksan. Tingkat total karotenoid dalam ekstrak ditentukan setara dengan β-karoten. Spektrofotometer UV-Visible mengukur ekstrak dan larutan standar referensi pada panjang gelombang maksimum β-karoten (462 nm). Dua metode berbeda digunakan dalam menentukan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak; metode peredaman radikal 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) dan metode ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karotenoid total dalam ekstrak cangkang L. vannamei adalah 5,87 mg/g, setara dengan β-karoten. Konsentrasi hambat setengah (IC50) ekstrak dengan metode DPPH adalah 27,59 µg/mL menunjukkan potensi sedang sebagai antioksidan dibandingkan dengan kuersetin standar sebesar 1,28 µg/mL. Kapasitas antioksidan ekstrak dengan metode FRAP dinyatakan dalam mg setara kuersetin (QE) per g ekstrak (mgQE/g), dan hasilnya menunjukkan potensi penghambatan sebesar 1,65 mgQE/g ekstrak. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak cangkang udang vannamei sangat potensial sebagai sumber karotenoid alami dengan efek antioksidan yang memadai.

Comparison of Antioxidant Activity Based on Temperature Variables of Avocado Seed Extract from Maumere by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-Picrylhdrazy Method Pratama, Mamat; Kusuma, Andi Trihadi; Rahmat, Sri Rahayu; Safitri, Dewi; Efendi, Nurmaya
Pharmaceutical Reports Vol 3, No 2 (2024): (October) Pharmaceutical Reports
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/pharmrep.v3i2.308

Avocados are plants that can grow well in tropical environments like Indonesia. People love this fruit because of its high antioxidant content and its delicious taste. The aim of this study was to measure the antioxidant activity of three extracts of ethyl acetate of avocado seeds (Percea americana Mill.) using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method. The measurement was done using a quersetin as a reference standard with a maximum wavelength of 516 nm. The results of the study showed that the sample's half inhibitory concentration (IC50) value was 1,653.89 g/mL, 1,202.56 g/ mL, and 903.08 g/mL for two, four, and six hours, respectively.

Irritation Assessment of Herbal Deodorant from Essential Oil of Pomelo (Citrus maxima) Peel on Rabbit Skin Wisdawati, Wisdawati; Handayani, Selpida; Pratama, Mamat
Journal of Food and Pharmaceutical Sciences Vol 12, No 3 (2024): J.Food.Pharm.Sci
Publisher : Institute for Halal Industry and System (IHIS) Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jfps.12139

A deodorant manages an unpleasant body odor through both reducing and suppressing antibacterial activity and it is formulated generally using antibacterial agents and fragrances. Nowadays, quaternary ammonium compounds like triclosan, aluminum salts, and odor eliminators are used as antibacterial agents and fragrance in deodorant products. A nature-based deodorant potentially replace the synthetic deodorant with less irritating effect. Pomelo (Citrus maxima) is one of the Indonesian plants which has some bioactive compounds, including limonene. Essential oil of Pomelo peel (EOPP) exhibits an antibacterial activity as well as fragrance. The aim of this research is to observe the irritation effect of EOPP deodorant on rabbit skin. The irritation assay of herbal deodorant of EOPP with various concentrations (F1: 1.25%; F2: 2.5% and F3: 5%) was carried out based on protocol for dermal acute irritation test on rabbit skin. All the formulations performed the same grades (negligible criteria) with the irritation index of F1, F2 and F3: 0; 0.037 and 0.148, respectively. The herbal deodorants with various concentrations of EOPP did not show an irritating effect on rabbit skin.

The Potential of Bitter Leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) in Herbal Medicine as Anti-Inflammatory Agent Fawwaz, Muammar; Pratama, Mamat; Latu, Saparuddin; Rahayu, Rita; Nurkamilah, Andi
Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri Vol 12, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : Department of Agro-industrial Technology, University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.industria.2023.012.01.4

AbstractThe inflammatory process involves increased vascular permeability, protein denaturation, and membrane alteration. Flavonoids are a class of secondary metabolites with biological and pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory. The bitter leaf, Vernonia amygdalina (VA), are used in various alternative medicine in several countries, including Indonesia. Chemical components in VA leaf are polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, terpenes, and coumarins. The previous study exhibited that the anti-inflammatory activities of plants are closely related to the levels of polyphenols and flavonoids. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of VA leaf and determine the total flavonoid-phenolic content of VA leaf ethanolic extract. The extraction method used maceration by ethanol as a solvent. The anti-inflammatory activity was measured by protein denaturation inhibition properties. The total flavonoid and phenolic content were determined by colorimetric and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, in which both procedures were measured by UV-Visible spectrophotometry at maximum wavelength. The results showed that VA leaf ethanolic extract has an anti-inflammatory effect with a half inhibition concentration (IC50) of 346.23 μg/mL. The total flavonoid and phenolic content of the ethanolic extract of VA leaves were 25.62 mgQE/g extracts and 21.47 mgGAE/g extract, respectively. Thus, the ethanolic extract of VA leaves can potentially be developed as an anti-inflammatory agent in herbal medicine.Keywords: anti-inflammatory, flavonoid, gallic acid, phenolic, quercetin AbstrakProses inflamasi melibatkan peningkatan permeabilitas vaskular, denaturasi protein, dan perubahan membran. Flavonoid merupakan senyawa metabolit sekunder dengan aktivitas biologis dan farmakologis potensial, termasuk sebagai antiinflamasi. Daun pahit, Vernonia amygdalina (VA), digunakan dalam berbagai pengobatan alternatif di beberapa negara, termasuk Indonesia. Komponen kimia dalam daun VA adalah senyawa polifenol, flavonoid, terpen, dan kumarin. Studi sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas anti-inflamasi tanaman terkait erat dengan kadar polifenol dan flavonoidnya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi aktivitas antiinflamasi daun VA dan mengetahui kandungan flavonoid-fenolik total pada ekstrak daun VA. Metode ekstraksi menggunakan maserasi dengan etanol sebagai pelarut. Aktivitas antiinflamasi diukur dengan menggunakan metode penghambatan denaturasi protein. Kandungan total flavonoid dan fenolik ditentukan dengan metode kolorimetri dan Folin-Ciocalteu. Kedua prosedur tersebut diukur pada spektrofotometri UV-Visible pada panjang gelombang maksimum. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun VA memiliki efek anti-inflamasi dengan konsentrasi daya hambat 50% (IC50) sebesar 346,23 µg/mL. Kandungan total flavonoid dan fenolik ekstrak etanolik daun VA berturut-turut adalah 25,62 mgQE/g ekstrak dan 21,47 mgGAE/g ekstrak. Dengan demikian, ekstrak etanol daun VA berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai agen anti-inflamasi dalam pengobatan herbal.Kata kunci: anti-inflamasi, asam galat, fenolik, flavonoid, quercetin

Antioxidant Activity of Red Fruit Juice (Pandanus conoideus L.) Using the CUPRAC Method Arifin, Marina; Pratama, Mamat; Fawwaz, Muammar; Aminah, Aminah
Pharmaceutical Reports Vol 4, No 1 (2025): (March) Pharmaceutical Reports
Publisher : Universitas Muslim Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33096/pharmrep.v4i1.356

Red fruit (Pandanus conoideus Lam.), which belongs to the Pandanaceae family, is widely used by local Papuan people as a source of food, natural dyes, and traditional medicinal ingredients. Red fruit contains several compounds such as tannins, vitamin C, beta carotene, and flavonoids. This research aims to determine the presence of antioxidant activity using the Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity (CUPRAC) method. Antioxidant capacity using the CUPRAC method is expressed as mg of ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) per g of juice (mgAAE/g). The method is measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with the maximum wavelength. Ascorbic acid was used as a comparison to assess the antioxidant ability of red fruit juice. The results showed that the antioxidant activity capacity of red fruit juice was 100.4 mgAAE/g. Thus, red fruit can be developed as a natural antioxidant.

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