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All Journal ARISTO Capture : Jurnal Seni Media Rekam JISIP: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan Jurnal Ilmiah Dinamika Sosial COMMICAST
Oki Cahyo Nugroho, Oki Cahyo
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Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences

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Cross-Cultural Communication to Support the Education of Indonesian Migrant Children: An Ethnographic Study at the AMI Tutoring Center in Penang, Malaysia Musyaffa, Alifa Salma; Nugroho, Oki Cahyo; Lestarini, Niken; Megantari, Krisna
COMMICAST Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): December
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.12928/commicast.v6i3.15090

Abstract

Increasing numbers of undocumented Indonesian migrant children in Malaysia face limited access to formal schooling and must navigate multilingual, multicultural environments that shape their learning experiences. While previous studies focus on legal and administrative barriers, the role of cross-cultural communication in non-formal education remains understudied. This research examines how communication practices support inclusive education at the AMI Penang Guidance Center. The study aims to explore how migrant children manage linguistic and cultural differences in daily learning and how educators adapt their communication to meet diverse needs. Using an ethnographic approach, data were collected through participant observation and semi-structured interviews with six children (ages 9–11) and educators at the center. Analysis followed thematic coding and was interpreted using Hurn and Tomalin’s cross-cultural communication and STAR (Stop, Think, Assess, Respond) frameworks. Findings show that children frequently experience confusion, hesitation, and identity negotiation when switching between Indonesian, Malay, and their mother tongues. Educators interpret these behaviors through cultural rather than purely linguistic lenses and respond with bilingual scaffolding, culturally familiar materials, emotional support, and flexible teaching strategies. These practices enhance students’ confidence, communication skills, and sense of belonging. The study contributes theoretically by positioning cross-cultural communication as a core dimension of inclusive education in transnational settings. Practically, it offers insights for designing culturally responsive non-formal education for undocumented migrant children.
Co-Authors Arifin, Rizal Ayub Dwi Anggoro, Ayub Dwi Eli Purwati, Eli Hadi Purwanir, Hadi Happy Susanto Irvan Nur Ridho Krisna Megantari Musyaffa, Alifa Salma Niken Lestarini, Niken Pinaryo, Pinaryo Tricana, Deny Wahyu