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Cutting Edge Advancements in Management of Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration A Scoping Review on Gene Therapy Diannisa Paramita Susantono; Andi Arus Victor
International Journal of Retina Vol 9 No 1 (2026): International Journal of Retina (IJRetina) - INAVRS
Publisher : Indonesian Vitreoretinal Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2026.vol009.iss001.335

Abstract

Introduction: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the fourth leading cause of blindness globally. Therapeutic strategies for neovascular AMD (nAMD) have utilized anti-VEGF proteins, however compliance has become an issue. This study aims to explore current development on gene therapy as a new therapeutic strategy for nAMD to counter challenges in therapeutic compliance. Methods: A scoping review was conducted in May 2025, with articles obtained from Pubmed, Google scholar, Scopus, and Cochrane. Studies included were limited to systematic reviews and meta-analysis, randomized control studies, non-randomized controlled studies, and observational studies. Results: Three studies were reviewed, in which gene therapy for nAMD were conducted using different sets of transgenes and viral vectors, including RGX-314, ixoberogene soroparvovec, and rAAV.sFLT-1. Studies evaluated efficacy and safety, which mostly included visual acuity, central retinal thickness, recombinant protein concentration, and annualised injection rate. Duration of follow up among studies ranged from 2-3 years. Conclusion: The use of gene therapy in nAMD using RGX-314, ixoberogene soroparvovec, and rAAV.sFLT-1 is safe and tolerable. Differences among studies are associated with different transgenes and viral vectors. Current studies are on-going and awaiting results to potentially revolutionize the field of therapy in nAMD. Keywords: gene therapy, neovascular age related macular degeneration, wet age related macular degeneration, exudative age related macular degeneration, nAMD
Transcultural Validation of the Indonesian Version of the Adherence Barriers Questionnaire Intravitreal Injection (ABQ-IVT) in Neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration (nAMD) Florentina Priscilia; Gitalisa Andayani Adriono; Andi Arus Victor; Agus Sugiharto
International Journal of Retina Vol 9 No 2 (2026): International Journal of Retina (IJRetina) - INAVRS
Publisher : Indonesian Vitreoretinal Society

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35479/ijretina.2026.vol009.iss002.347

Abstract

Introduction: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. Intravitreal therapy (IVT) with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) is the primary treatment option. However, there remains a substantial gap in visual acuity outcomes between clinical trial and real-world practice, with approximately 90% and 50%, respectively. Patient adherence with IVT influences treatment success; therefore, identifying the treatment burden is an important aspect. This study aimed to undertake the transcultural adaptation, validity, and reliability of the Indonesian version of the ABQ-IVT as an instrument to assess the treatment burden. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving patients with nAMD who have received at least three routine anti-VEGF IVT treatments and were fluent in Indonesian language. The ABQ-IVT underwent a systematic validity and reliability process. Results: The Indonesian version of the ABQ-IVT consisted of 17 items with content validity test showed an Individual-Content Validity Index (I-CVI) of 1.0, while construct validity testing produced correlation values (r) between 0.333 and 0.739 (r-calculated > r-table), indicating good result. The reliability test showed a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.725, indicating good consistency across the items. Conclusion: The Indonesian of the ABQ-IVT was proven to be a valid and reliable instrument for assessing the treatment burden among nAMD patients.
Co-Authors Abdullah, Muhammad Raoul Taufiq Adishabri, Ananda Kukuh Adriono, Gitalisa Andayani Agus Sugiharto Ali, Reyno Satria Andhika Guna Dharma Andi Cleveriawan Arvi Putra Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudantha Anggun Rama Yudhanta Anggun Ramayudatha Anggun Ramayundanta Angky Budianti Anthea Casey Ari Djatikusumo Aria Kekalih Bondan Harmani Bustamam, Alhadi Diannisa Paramita Susantono Dicky Budiman Simanjuntak Eko Hadi Waluyojati Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Elvioza Enzo Sapuandi Faresa Hilda Fauzan Teuku Banta Filza Amara Kamila Harlena Florentina Priscilia Ghina Fedora Gita Lisa Andayani Gitalisa Handayani Habsyiyah Habsyiyah Hutapea, Mario Marbungaran Isfyanto, Isfyanto Joedo Prihartono Joedo Prihartono Julie Dewi Barliana Karniela Ayuni Putri Laura Agnestasia Djunaedi Leonedine, Tengku Viona Zohra Lukman Edwar Mario Mabuaran Hutapea Mario Marbungaran Hutapea Mario Marbungaran Hutapea Mario Marbungaran Hutapea Mario Marbungaran Hutapea Mario Marbungaran Hutapea Mario Marbungaran Hutapea Mario Marbungaran Hutapea Mario Marbungaran Hutapea Masniah Masniah Nadhira, Andi Marsa Nova Diana Noviana Kurniasari Vivin Pambudy, Indra Maharddhika Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf Puranto Budi Susetyo Putri A Idham Rahayuningsih Dharma Ratna Sitompul Raymond Pranata Ressa Yuneta Rio Rhendy Saleha Sungkar Samsul Rizal Ziaulhak Sita Paramita Ayuningtyas Sri W. A. Jusman Sri Widia A.Jusman Suryoadji, Kemal Akbar Tjahjono D Gondhowiardjo Tjahjono Darminto Gondhowiardjo Tri Rahayu Tri Rahayu Triana Hardianti Gunardi Triwijayanti Triwijayanti Triyoga, Ichsan Fauzi Umar Mardianto Vetnizah Juniantito Wirawan Adikusuma Yeni Dwi Lestari Yudanta, Anggun Rama Yudantha, Anggun Rama Yudhanta, Anggun Rama