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Advancing Engineering Innovation through Project-Based Learning: A Qualitative Analysis of Experimental Applications in Indian Secondary Education Singh, Vikram
International Journal Education and Computer Studies (IJECS) Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): JULY
Publisher : Lembaga KITA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35870/ijecs.v5i2.4443

Abstract

Project-Based Learning (PBL) is an active and constructive approach to engineering education in which students are asked to work on problems without predetermined solutions in a problem-solving context. This paper has attempted to investigate the potential impact of PBL on the development of necessary engineering competencies in Indian school students, who constitute a crucial part of the country's potential innovative power base. Using the Hindi versions of 111 science and engineering project documents, this study qualitatively analyzed three of them to examine the projects—Building a Simple Electric Motor, Investigating Sliding Friction on an Inclined Plane, and Designing a Hydrometer Using Plastic Balls. The findings lead to the conclusion that these projects indeed embody fundamental engineering concepts such as electromagnetism, mechanics, and fluid dynamics, while fostering technical competency, creativity, and cooperative problem-solving as reflected in their design structure and projected outcomes. However, substantial barriers to implementing this reform in the Indian context exist, such as resource constraints, an exam-oriented curriculum, and inadequate teacher preparation, as demonstrated by the analysis. The study argues that PBL is a powerful pedagogical tool for transforming engineering education in developing countries, while suggesting relevant measures such as teacher training, curriculum inclusion, policy advocacy for experiential learning, and industry collaboration in these countries to address these challenges. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of PBL to foster innovation among future engineering graduates in India, a relevant contribution to the national education agenda in the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 as well as global discussions on experiential learning
Performance Optimization of Low-Cost DC Motors for Educational Engineering Applications Singh, Vikram
Journal of Engineering and Science Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): June
Publisher : Yayasan Kawanad

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56347/jes.v4i1.270

Abstract

This research examines how to build and improve a basic direct current (DC) electric motor using affordable, everyday materials for classroom teaching. We constructed our motor from simple components: copper wire coils, an iron nail, permanent magnets, and standard batteries. The device effectively demonstrates electromagnetic principles and energy conversion processes that students can observe firsthand. Our experimental work concentrated on three main factors that affect motor performance: the number of wire turns in the coil, magnet strength, and battery voltage levels. We systematically tested different combinations to find the best rotational speed and energy efficiency. The results showed interesting patterns - when we increased coil turns from 50 to 100, the motor's torque improved by roughly 20%. Using stronger magnets made the rotation much more stable and consistent. The motor worked most efficiently when powered by a 9-volt battery, where energy waste dropped to minimal levels. What makes this design particularly valuable is its simplicity - teachers can easily replicate it even in schools with limited resources, especially in Indian secondary education settings where budget constraints often limit hands-on learning opportunities. To verify our physical experiments, we ran computer simulations using finite element analysis. These digital models confirmed our real-world findings and revealed that optimized coil arrangements increased magnetic flux density by 15%. The close agreement between our experimental data and simulation results strengthens confidence in the design approach. This motor design offers teachers and students a practical, affordable way to explore electromagnetism and basic engineering principles. The project has broader implications for educational programs in developing regions, where cost-effective teaching tools can make advanced concepts accessible to more students. Schools can now demonstrate complex electromagnetic theory using materials that cost less than traditional laboratory equipment while achieving comparable learning outcomes.