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Faktor Pendorong Nahdlatul Ulama dalam Mengadopsi Konsep Demokrasi Terpimpin dari Presiden Soekarno (1959-1965) Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Basara, Mustafa
NAHNU: Journal of Nahdlatul Ulama and Contemporary Islamic Studies Vol. 2 No. 2 (2024): NAHNU
Publisher : LAKPESDAM MWCNU Palengaan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.63875/nahnu.v2i2.48

Abstract

The political and social dynamics in Indonesia continued to change during the old order which encouraged Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) to adopt the concept introduced by President Soekarno, namely guided democracy. Guided democracy in Indonesia occurred from 1959 to 1966, which placed all government power in the hands of President Sukarno. The aim of this research is to dig deeper into the reasons why NU adopted the concept of guided democracy. The methodology used in this research is a qualitative approach equipped with historical methods and political analysis methods. The findings of this research show that there are two factors that encouraged NU to adopt guided democracy, namely: (1) Overcoming threats from the Indonesian Communist Party in the Soekarno government, and; (2) Maintaining and expanding the position of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) in politics and the Soekarno government.   Dinamika politik dan sosial di Indonesia yang terus berubah pada masa orde lama mendorong Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) untuk mengadopsi konsep yang diperkenalkan oleh Presiden Soekarno, yaitu demokrasi terpimpin. Demokrasi terpimpin di Indonesia terjadi pada tahun 1959 hingga 1966, yang menempatkan seluruh kekuasaan pemerintah di tangan Presiden Sukarno. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menggali lebih dalam mengenai alasan NU mengadopsi konsep demokrasi terpimpin. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang dilengkapi dengan metode sejarah dan metode analisis politik. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua faktor yang mendorong NU untuk mengadopsi demokrasi terpimpin, yaitu: (1) Menanggulangi ancaman dari Partai Komunis Indonesia (PKI) di dalam pemerintah Soekarno, serta; (2) Mempertahankan dan memperluas posisi Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) dalam politik dan Pemerintah Soekarno.
A STUDY OF COMMUNITY CULTURAL ELEMENTS ON MIANGAS ISLAND, INDONESIA Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Vicaldo, Vengadcruz
Kusa Lawa Vol. 5 No. 1 (2025): Jurnal Kusa Lawa
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Budaya, Universitas Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.kusalawa.2022.05.01.04

Abstract

Culture can be understood as the whole of human behavior in life obtained through the learning process. There are seven cultural elements, namely: (1) language; (2) knowledge system; (3) social organization system (community); (4) equipment and technology systems; (5) economic and livelihood systems; (6) the religious system, as well as; (7) art. These seven elements can be found in the Miangas Island community, which is strategically located on the sea border and makes it a meeting point for various cultures and receives influence from the Philippines. This research aims to explore the seven cultural elements that exist on Miangas Island. The method used in this study is a cultural research method with a qualitative approach. In terms of equipment and living supplies, the people of Miangas Island rely on the manufacture of wooden boats and fishing gear. Their main livelihood is as fishermen and farmers. In terms of social structure, the people of Miangas Island in the past had a traditional leadership system consisting of kapitelaut, ratumbanua, and inanghuwanua. Commonly spoken languages on the island include Indonesian, Talaud, Tagalog, and several other languages. The arts that developed on Miangas Island were the M?tagonggong Arts and the M?bawalas? Arts. The knowledge system of the people of Miangas Island is based on a calendar that calculates the phases of the moon and 17 cardinal directions. In addition, the belief system on Miangas Island includes Christianity, Catholicism, and Islam.
The Battle of Mataram Sultanate and VOC Against Trunajaya Troops in Kediri (1678) Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Braake, Gijsbert ter
Siginjai: Jurnal Sejarah Vol 5 No 1 (2025): Siginjai: Journal of History
Publisher : Prodi Ilmu Sejarah, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/js.v5i1.38476

Abstract

Trunajaya was a descendant of the Madurese rulers who fought the Mataram Sultanate. This resistance was triggered by the actions of Amangkurat I, ruler of the Mataram Sultanate, who in 1659 ordered the massacre of the ulama who supported Prince Danupoyo in an attempt to overthrow his power. In response, Trunajaya launched resistance in Surabaya, which was then under the control of the Mataram Sultanate, but his efforts were unsuccessful. This failure was caused by the support of Amangkurat I from the VOC (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie), which forced Trunajaya and the rest of his troops to retreat to Kediri. While in Kediri, Trunajaya succeeded in building a new military force which became a threat to the Mataram Sultanate, so that the Mataram Sultanate together with the VOC tried to crush Trunajaya's resistance in Kediri. This research aims to explore further the military campaign carried out by the Mataram Sultanate and the VOC in crushing Trunajaya's resistance in Kediri. This research applies historical methods with a qualitative approach. Between 13 October and 15 November 1678, Mataram Sultanate troops and VOC troops had difficulty entering Kediri due to the strong current of the Brantas River. On November 25, 1678, they succeeded in entering Kediri City and attacked the Trunajaya fort. On the night of November 26, 1678, the Mataram Sultanate and VOC troops achieved victory, forcing Trunajaya and the rest of his troops to flee to Mount Panderman.
Challenges and development of contemporary islamic da'wah in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Sebastian, Andi; Rahman, Haru; Chung-Hee, Amir; Chen, Abdullah
Jurnal Ilmu Dakwah Vol. 45 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Faculty of Dakwah and Communication, Walisongo State Islamic University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/jid.v45.1.26253

Abstract

Purpose – This study aims to identify various challenges and developments of contemporary Islamic da'wah in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Method – This research relies on a qualitative approach with a literature study method, where data is collected through searching written sources such as books, academic journals, news articles, historical documents, and online publications related to the development of Islamic da'wah in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. Result – Da'is (Islamic preacher) in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan face several challenges in spreading Islam, such as: (1) The World Trade Center incident in the United States on September 11, 2001 which negatively impacted the image of Islam among East Asia society; (2) Problems related to funerals; (3) Difficulty in finding a place to perform ablution; (4) Difficulties in integrating Islamic values into East Asia traditions, and; (5) The difficulty of the older generation in passing on Islamic knowledge to the younger generation. Implication – This research could encourage: (1) Train and empower Muslim youth in the region so that they can develop a da'wah approach that integrates Islamic teachings with culture and technology, as well as have broad insights and always follow the latest developments; (2) Understand the characteristics, interests, and needs of the local community; (3) Linking Islamic teachings to relevant social issues and offering inspiring solutions, and; (4) Muslims in the region are expected to demonstrate good behaviour and be consistent with the Islamic teachings they preach. Originality/Value – The novelty of this study lies in the more comprehensive and up-to-date presentation of the dynamics of Islam in East Asia, especially related to da'wah challenges and strategies in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan. With a focus on a wide period, from 1950 to 2025, this study not only provides insight into the changing attitudes and acceptance of Islam by society but also presents recommendations for developing more effective da'wah strategies in the future. *** Tujuan – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi berbagai tantangan dan perkembangan da'wah Islam kontemporer di Jepang, Korea Selatan, dan Taiwan. Metode – Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode studi literatur, di mana data dikumpulkan melalui pencarian sumber tertulis seperti buku, jurnal akademik, artikel berita, dokumen historis, dan publikasi online yang berkaitan dengan perkembangan da'wah Islam di Jepang, Korea Selatan, dan Taiwan. Hasil – Da'is (penyebar ajaran Islam) di Jepang, Korea Selatan, dan Taiwan menghadapi beberapa tantangan dalam menyebarkan Islam, antara lain: (1) Insiden World Trade Center di Amerika Serikat pada 11 September 2001 yang berdampak negatif terhadap citra Islam di masyarakat Asia Timur; (2) Masalah terkait upacara pemakaman; (3) Kesulitan menemukan tempat untuk berwudhu; (4) Kesulitan mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Islam ke dalam tradisi Asia Timur, dan; (5) Kesulitan generasi tua dalam meneruskan pengetahuan Islam kepada generasi muda. Implikasi – Penelitian ini dapat mendorong: (1) Melatih dan memberdayakan pemuda Muslim di wilayah tersebut agar dapat mengembangkan pendekatan da'wah yang mengintegrasikan ajaran Islam dengan budaya dan teknologi, serta memiliki wawasan yang luas dan selalu mengikuti perkembangan terbaru; (2) Memahami karakteristik, minat, dan kebutuhan masyarakat lokal; (3) Menghubungkan ajaran Islam dengan isu-isu sosial yang relevan dan menawarkan solusi yang inspiratif, dan; (4) Muslim di wilayah tersebut diharapkan menunjukkan perilaku yang baik dan konsisten dengan ajaran Islam yang mereka ajarkan. Orisinalitas/Nilai – Keunikan studi ini terletak pada penyajian yang lebih komprehensif dan terkini mengenai dinamika Islam di Asia Timur, terutama terkait tantangan dan strategi dakwah di Jepang, Korea Selatan, dan Taiwan. Dengan fokus pada periode yang luas, dari 1950 hingga 2025, penelitian ini tidak hanya memberikan wawasan tentang perubahan sikap dan penerimaan Islam oleh masyarakat tetapi juga menyajikan rekomendasi untuk mengembangkan strategi dakwah yang lebih efektif di masa depan.
Conquest of the Banda Islands by the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (1609–1621) Yuwono, Ardi Tri; ter Braake , Gijsbert
Journal of Indonesian History Vol. 13 No. 1 (2025): Journal of Indonesian History
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/jih.v13i1.26288

Abstract

The conquest of the Banda Islands by the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC) between 1609 and 1621 began with the arrival of the VOC in the Banda Islands in 1609, which marked the beginning of a systematic attempt to take control of the spice trade, especially nutmeg. The purpose of this study is to analyse the steps taken by the VOC in controlling the Banda Islands, explain the impact of the VOC conquest on the people of the Banda Islands and the spice trade network, and examine the historical actor roles, such as Jan Pieterszoon Coen, in this event. This study uses historical methods with a qualitative approach, as well as a historical-descriptive design, to reconstruct past events. The findings of this study show that the VOC implemented aggressive military strategies, including fortifications and massacres of local populations, as occurred in the Battle of Banda Neira Island, the Battle of Ay Island, the Battle of Rhun Island, and the Battle of Lontor Island. The impact of this conquest was severe, causing a drastic depopulation in the Banda Islands at the time, so that an estimated 90 percent of the indigenous population of the Banda Islands died. The VOC then repopulated the population with slaves to maintain plantation productivity in the Banda Islands. 
Ethics of Writing History in the Axiological Perspective of Pancasila Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Braake, Gijsbert ter; Clumpers, Pieter-Jan
Pancasila: Jurnal Keindonesiaan Vol. 5 No. 2 (2025): VOLUME 5 ISSUE 2, OCTOBER 2025
Publisher : Badan Pembinaan Ideologi Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52738/pjk.v5i2.849

Abstract

History is not merely a record of the past but an interpretation that shapes national identity and collective memory. In Indonesia, historical writing often faces challenges, such as political bias, Java-centrism, and narrative injustice, which contradicts the values of Pancasila. This study aims to analyze the relevance of Pancasila as an axiological framework to strengthen integrity and justice in historiographic practices. Using a qualitative approach with a normative framework design, this research examines historiographic texts, through thematic content analysis, hermeneutics, and critical discourse analysis. The findings indicate that Pancasila’s principles, Belief in the One and Only God, Just and Civilized Humanity, The Unity of Indonesia, Democracy guided by wisdom through deliberation and representation, and Social Justice for All the People of Indonesia, offer concrete ethical guidelines for historians. For instance, the principle of Social Justice mandates proportional representation, while Unity demands decentralization of historical narratives beyond Java. Meanwhile, the value of Divinity demands moral integrity in historical verification, the value of Humanity requires dignified representation of all subjects, and the value of Democracy requires inclusive participatory methods. However, the study also identifies challenges, such as political intervention and limited access. The case study of the 1965 Tragedy shows how the official narrative is dominated by a version of the regime that ignores the perspective of the victim and violates the principles of Humanity and Social Justice. This research contributes a critical synthesis of Pancasila values with global historiographical theories, providing an operational framework for ethical historical writing that is both contextually grounded and transformative.
Menafsirkan Agama Melalui Sikap dan Orientasi Keagamaan dalam Masyarakat Jawa pada Masa Orde Baru Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Braake, Gijsbert ter
Lani: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sejarah dan Budaya Vol 6 No 2 (2025): Lani: Jurnal Kajian Sejarah dan Budaya
Publisher : Program Studi Pendidikan Sejarah, Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598/Lanivol6iss2page130-151

Abstract

Religiosity or religious practice reflects the unique characteristics of each religion in the application of its teachings. In Indonesia, especially in Javanese society, religiosity is greatly influenced by local culture. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine religious interpretation through the religious attitudes of the Javanese people during the New Order period (1966-1998). Using an in-depth literature study and critical analysis approach, this study analyzes how the policy of depoliticization and standardization of religion by the state interacts with Javanese syncretic traditions. The findings of this study show that Javanese society is not passive, but develops adaptive and resistant cultural strategies, such as maintaining the slametan tradition, in the midst of homogenization efforts. Religious and cultural elites have an important role in integrating Islamic doctrine with Javanese cosmology, which forms a religious typology that reflects pluralism, eclecticism, and universalism. The attitude and religious orientation of the Javanese people emphasizes sportsmanship, democracy, accommodation, and flexibility in accepting and embracing groups that have beliefs different from their ancestral traditions. Religious practices for the Javanese people are considered part of Pancasila, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, and nationalism. The Javanese religious concept is when beliefs always go hand in hand with mystical and supernatural things. Javanese people always strive to create balance in the midst of differences, uphold tolerance, and spread peace by respecting the existence of others.
A View of Historical Philosophy from the Perspective of Tan Malaka Yuwono, Ardi Tri
Abjad Journal of Humanities & Education Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Abjad: Journal of Humanities & Education
Publisher : Centre for Literary and Cultural Studies

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62079/abjad.v3i2.73

Abstract

The philosophy of history has a crucial role to play in understanding not only "what happened," but also "why and where" the direction of historical development. One of the figures who made significant contributions to the thought of historical philosophy in Indonesia was Tan Malaka. Tan Malaka presents a perspective on historical dynamics based on historical materialism, class struggle, and socialist vision. This research aims to analyses Tan Malaka's historical philosophical views systematically, especially related to the concept of direction of historical movement, the actors involved, and the purpose of the direction of the movement of history. The research method used in this study is a historical method with a qualitative approach, utilizing historical sources, such as Madilog, Naar de Republiek Indonesia, Aksi Massa, and others. Tan Malaka developed a philosophy of history based on dialectical materialism adapted to the conditions of the colonized society, emphasizing the importance of class conflicts, the power of the masses, and revolution as the main drivers of history. The concept of "100% independence" is at the core of his thinking which demands comprehensive political, economic, and cultural independence. His analysis of the internal contradictions of colonialism, the role of the inferior priayi, and the criticism of the incomplete revolution provides a critical perspective in understanding the history of Indonesia and contemporary issues that must be faced.
REFRAMING WARTIME FINANCIAL PROPAGANDA: MEDIA, BEHAVIORAL COMMUNICATION, AND THE SAVING MOVEMENT IN JAPANESE-OCCUPIED JAVA (1942–1945) Yuwono, Ardi Tri; Sebastian, Andi; Rahman, Haru
QAULAN: Journal of Islamic Communication Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025): Qaulan: Journal of Islamic Communication
Publisher : UIN Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

This study reexamines the saving movement during the Japanese occupation of Java (1942–1945) by reframing it through contemporary perspectives on media, behavioral communication, and state-driven financial persuasion. Using historical methods combined with a systematic literature review, the research investigates how the Japanese administration orchestrated a multi-platform communication campaign through newspapers, magazines, radio broadcasts, films, songs, stage performances, and kamishibai to embed saving behavior into daily social routines. The novelty of this study lies in interpreting wartime financial propaganda as an early form of behavioral engineering, revealing patterns similar to today’s media convergence and state-controlled persuasive communication. The findings show that while propaganda messages successfully constructed narratives of duty, discipline, and economic nationalism, their effectiveness was limited by low public financial literacy and the reliance on coercive institutional mechanisms. By reframing historical propaganda through a modern behavioral lens, this study contributes to contemporary discussions on financial communication, media influence, and the ethics of state-led behavioral interventions.