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Finite Element Analysis of Impact-Velocity Effects on the Erosion Behavior of GH4720Li Superalloy-Based Cr₃C₂ Coatings Riki Hendra Purba; Raffi Indrajati; Fitri Wahyuni; James Julian; Elvi Armadani; Fathin Muhammad Mahdhudhu
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Volume 8 Number 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v8i1.9317

Abstract

This study examines the effect of impact velocity on the erosion behavior of GH4720Li superalloy with and without Cr₃C₂–NiCr coating using Finite Element Analysis. Silica particles (0.7 mm) were modeled at velocities of 25–125 m/s under normal impact. Results show that increasing velocity raises the maximum Von Mises stress before reaching a dynamic equilibrium. Coated specimens exhibited nearly twice the stress values of uncoated ones, indicating better load distribution and initial damage resistance. At low velocities (25–50 m/s), the coating reduced plastic deformation by absorbing impact energy. However, at higher velocities (≥75 m/s), the coating transferred more energy to the substrate, causing greater plastic strain than in uncoated material. These findings demonstrate that cermet coatings improve erosion resistance at low-to-moderate velocities but have limited performance under high-velocity impacts
Numerical Investigation on Aerodynamic Characteristics of Bio-Inspired Nose Airfoil NACA 4415 Fitri Wahyuni; James Julian; Saphira Anggraita Siswanto; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Mahdhudhu; Elvi Armadani; Nely Toding Bunga
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Volume 8 Number 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v8i1.9428

Abstract

It is widely believed that bionic airfoils can influence aerodynamic performance. Therefore, this study focuses on analyzing the effect of a bio-inspired nose on the NACA 4415 airfoil. This study uses roughtoothed dolphins and spinner dolphins as modifications of the airfoil, which are then tested at Re = 1.6×105 using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). From the simulation results, it was shown that the baseline NACA 4415 has the best aerodynamic performance across all Angles of Attack (AoA). The average percentage increase in Cd for the spinner dolphin is lower, at 40.399% compared to the baseline. On the other hand, the roughtoothed dolphin shows a higher percentage increase in Cd with an average of 51.479% compared to the baseline. While in the Cl data, the rough-toothed dolphin has a larger average percentage decrease, at -10.472%, whereas the spinner dolphin achieves an average decrease of only -5.194% compared to the baseline. Therefore, it can be concluded that the rough-toothed and spinner dolphin modifications do not enhance the aerodynamic performance of the NACA 4415 airfoil at AoA. However, at low AoA, the roughtoothed dolphin modification performs comparably to the baseline NACA 4415 airfoil.
The Influence of Bluff Body Shape Variations on Aerodynamic Characteristics in Flow Around a Cylinder Christian Jovie Yudhananta; Fitri Wahyuni; James Julian; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Mahdhudhu; Elvi Armadani; Nely Toding Bunga
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Volume 8 Number 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v8i1.9429.2

Abstract

Fluid flow around an object plays an important role in various fields, including aerodynamics, building design, and transportation. This study examines the effect of three two-dimensional bluff body shapes, including Circular, Square, and Diamond, on the flow pattern, drag and lift coefficients, and vortex shedding characteristics. The methodology used is Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation for incompressible flow with a Reynolds number of 100. The results show that variations in geometric shapes significantly affect the shape formation, flow stability, and aerodynamic force response. The three bluff body variations were found to produce fluctuating aerodynamic characteristics due to the influence of the von Kármán vortex phenomenon. In the diamond cylinder variation, it was found to be the configuration with the widest shape, having the highest average drag coefficient value of 1.84, and exhibiting the most significant force amplification, with an average lift coefficient value of 0.36 and a Strouhal number (St) of 0.18. Overall, variations in bluff body shapes significantly affect the flow pattern, Vortex Shedding frequency, and the total aerodynamic force acting on the object
Thermal Performance of Analysis of Serpentine Channel Cold Plate for 18650 Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery Fitri Wahyuni; James Julian; Rainer Samuel Fourlando; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Mahdhudhu; Elvi Armadani; Nely Toding Bunga
Jurnal Asiimetrik: Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Dan Inovasi Volume 8 Number 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/asiimetrik.v8i1.9430

Abstract

This research evaluates the thermal performance of a liquid cooling system with serpentine channel inlets for an 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery module. The study analyzed an eight-cell module with a baseline configuration and variations featuring two, three, and four serpentine curves using computational fluid dynamics simulations validated against previous experiments. A fixed mass flow rate of 0.0001 kg/s was applied. Results showed all configurations-maintained battery temperatures below 37.5°C, preventing thermal runaway. The Baseline configuration achieved the lowest maximum temperature of 37.447°C and the highest performance factor (J/F factor) of 0.053. The two serpentine curves offered the best temperature uniformity (1.114°C) and highest heat transfer coefficient. Although more serpentine curves reduced maximum temperature, they increased pressure drop, decreasing the J/F factor. The study concludes that the serpentine cold plate design effectively manages thermal containment, with the two-curve configuration providing the best balance of heat transfer and temperature stability.
NUMERICAL STUDY ON THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF MINI-CHANNEL COOLING ON CYLINDRICAL LITHIUM-ION BATTERY COOLING SYSTEM Elvi Ermadani; James Julian; Bima Rakha Adhitama; Fitri Wahyuni; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Mahdhudhu; Adi Winarta
Logic : Jurnal Rancang Bangun dan Teknologi Vol. 26 No. 1 (2026): March
Publisher : Unit Publikasi Ilmiah, P3M, Politeknik Negeri Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31940/logic.v26i1.86-94

Abstract

This study investigates how a liquid-based cooling configuration influences the thermal behavior of a cylindrical lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery pack through numerical analysis. The work underscores the crucial role of proper thermal regulation to maintain operational safety and prolong battery lifespan in high-demand applications such as electric vehicles (EVs). Three cooling-channel diameters—4, 6, and 8 mm—were examined under a 5C discharge condition. The findings indicate that the 8 mm channel offers the most advantageous performance, delivering the lowest maximum temperature, quicker thermal stabilization, and improved temperature uniformity. Conversely, the 4 mm channel resulted in elevated peak temperatures and a temperature gradient (ΔT) of 8.3 °C, which may intensify hotspot formation and accelerate cell degradation. Overall, the results emphasize the importance of selecting an appropriate cooling-channel diameter to effectively mitigate thermal stress.
Numerical Analysis of Mass Flow Rate Effect for 18650 Lithium-ion Battery Modules Thermal Management with Liquid Cooling System Rainer Samuel Fourlando; James Julian; Fitri Wahyuni; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Madhudhu; Elvi Armadani
Angkasa: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Teknologi Vol 18, No 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Institut Teknologi Dirgantara Adisutjipto

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28989/angkasa.v18i1.3503

Abstract

Effective thermal management is critical for the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries. This study numerically investigates a liquid cooling system with a mini-channel cold plate, focusing on how different coolant ṁ affect the thermal performance of an 18650 cylindrical lithium-ion battery module. Simulations were conducted using three mass flow rate (ṁ) 0.0001, 0.0003, and 0.0005 kg/s to evaluate their impact on maximum temperature (Tmax) and temperature difference (ΔT). Results show that increasing the ṁ significantly lowers the battery's maximum temperature. besides, increasing the ṁ will cause a higher pressure drop. All configurations successfully maintained excellent temperature uniformity, keeping the temperature difference well below the critical 5°C threshold. Therefore, this study confirms the system's effectiveness and highlights the necessity of optimizing (ṁ) based on the trade-off between thermal efficieny and pressure drop for designing reliable battery thermal management systems.
Effect of Anadara Granosa Shell Volume Fraction on Erosive Wear and Hardness Behaviour of Al 6061 Metal Matrix Composites Riki Hendra Purba; Aldi Raditya Adriansyah; James Julian; Fitri Wahyuni; Elvi Armadani; Fathin Muhammad Mahdhudhu
R.E.M. (Rekayasa Energi Manufaktur) Jurnal Vol 11 No 1 (2026): June
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21070/r.e.m.v11i1.1795

Abstract

Despite the favorable mechanical properties of Anadara Granosa Shell (AGS), particularly hardness, its influence on the wear resistance of Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) remains insufficiently explored. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the potential of AGS waste as an eco-friendly reinforcement for Al6061 alloy. Composites were fabricated with 0 wt%, 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% AGS addition. Wear behavior of each specimen was evaluated using sandblast with SiO2 as the erodent particles. The investigation also involved the microstructure and wear mechanism observation using optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In addition, the hardness of each material measurement using Vickers hardness test was included to obtain a comprehensive insight. The results shows that the AGS reinforcement was evenly distributed within the matrix, though a minor presence of voids was observed. The hardness of specimens exhibited a consistent increase proportional to the AGS content. Interestingly, the erosion rate showed no significant difference between the 0 wt% and 5 wt% AGS additions, but drastically increased with 10 wt% and 15 wt% reinforcement. This suggests that hardness is not the primary factor governing the erosion behavior in these composites. Analysis of the worn surfaces revealed a prevalent wear mechanism: reinforcement particle peel-out, which became more severe at 10 wt% and 15 wt% AGS concentrations. Conversely, the unreinforced (0 wt%) Al 6061 alloy displayed ripple formation, indicating a plastic deformation mechanism typical of a ductile material. Therefore, this study highlights the critical importance of considering the wear mechanism, specifically the susceptibility to particle pull-out, when evaluating the erosive wear behavior of Al6061 MMCs reinforced with Anadara Granosa Shell waste.
Performance Evaluation of Liquid Cooling Systems in 18650 Batteries: A Case Study of Mass Flow Rate Variations in Mini-Channel Cold Plates Rainer Samuel Fourlando; James Julian; Anggie Wijaya Topan; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Madhudhu; Elvi Wijaya Armadani; Fitri Wahyuni
JTERA (Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa) Vol 10 No 2: December 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Sukabumi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Pengelolaan energi termal yang esensial sangat penting bagi performa optimal, keamanan, dan umur pakai baterai lithium-ion (Li-ion), yang menghasilkan panas cukup besar selama operasi. Suhu berlebih dapat menyebabkan degradasi kapasitas dan thermal runaway. Studi ini secara numerik menyelidiki kinerja termal dari sistem pendingin cair yang menggunakan mini-channel cold plate untuk sebuah modul yang terdiri dari delapan baterai Li-ion tipe 18650. Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh variasi laju alir massa pendingin (air) terhadap temperatur maksimum baterai (TMAX) dan keseragaman temperatur (ΔT). Model computational fluid dynamics (CFD) yang telah divalidasi dengan data eksperimen digunakan dalam analisis ini. Tiga variasi laju alir massa disimulasikan, yaitu 0,0005 kg/s, 0,0015 kg/s, dan 0,0025 kg/s. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa sistem yang diusulkan memiliki efisiensi tinggi, mampu menjaga TMAX baterai di bawah 26,5 °C pada semua konfigurasi, dengan penurunan lebih dari 49% dibandingkan kondisi tanpa pendinginan, di mana suhu mencapai 52 °C. Laju alir massa tertinggi (0,0025 kg/s) memberikan kinerja terbaik, dengan TMAX terendah sebesar 25,83 °C serta rata-rata penurunan temperatur tertinggi sebesar 50,5%. Selain itu, konfigurasi ini juga memberikan keseragaman termal yang lebih baik dan berhasil menjaga perbedaan temperatur internal setiap sel tetap di bawah ambang kritis 5 °C. Temperatur maksimum yang dicapai dengan sistem pendingin cair ini menunjukkan bahwa sistem tidak hanya mampu mencegah thermal runaway tetapi juga berkontribusi dalam memperpanjang siklus hidup dan daya tahan baterai. Sistem pendingin ini membantu meminimalkan mekanisme degradasi termal yang umumnya mempercepat penuaan baterai.
The Effect of The Bio-Inspired Airfoil NACA 4415 at High Reynolds Number Saphira Anggraita Siswanto; James Julian; Fitri Wahyuni; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Madhudhu; Elvi Armadani
JTERA (Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa) Vol 10 No 2: December 2025
Publisher : Politeknik Sukabumi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

The topic of airfoil modification and its impact on aerodynamic performance is a highly debated issue in aerospace engineering circles. This study examines the effect of the NACA 4415 bio-inspired nose airfoil on its aerodynamic performance by adding spinner dolphin and roughtoothed dolphin geometries to the leading edge using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method at a Reynolds number of Re = 106. Simulations were conducted to analyze changes in the lift coefficient (Cl), drag coefficient (Cd), and moment coefficient (Cm), which serve as indicators of aerodynamic performance and stability. The results show that the baseline NACA 4415 airfoil produces the highest lift and the lowest drag overall, making it suitable for applications requiring maximum lift and minimum drag. Spinner dolphins has a smaller percentage increase in Cd, at 41.933%, compared to the baseline. In contrast, roughtoothed dolphins with an average percentage of 56.004% compared to the baseline exhibit a higher percentage increase in Cd. Conversely, in the Cl data, the percentage decreased in   dolphins has a larger average, namely -14.607%, compared to the baseline, whereas the spinner dolphin type only has an average of -8.713%. In the Cm data, the Roughtoothed Dolphin and Spinner Dolphin have higher and more stable Cm than NACA 4415. This study confirms that bio-inspired modifications can significantly impact aerodynamic performance, depending on operating conditions.
The effect of flap thickness on the hydrodynamic performance of an oscillating wave surge converter James Julian; Rasya Aulia Nathania Nisa; Fitri Wahyuni; Riki Hendra Purba; Fathin Muhammad Madhudhu; Elvi Armadani
Jurnal Polimesin Vol 23, No 6 (2025): December
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Lhokseumawe

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30811/jpl.v23i6.7682

Abstract

With the growing demand for energy and the need to transition to renewable sources, ocean wave energy presents great potential. The Oscillating Wave Surge Converter (OWSC) is a promising technology due to its nearshore applicability, structural simplicity, and robust design. This study systematically investigates the effect of flap thickness on the dynamic performance of a hinge-mounted OWSC using the Boundary Element Method (BEM).   The research models the hydrodynamic interactions and analyzes the effects of three different flap thicknesses on key metrics, including maximum angle deviation, angular velocity, torque, and power capture. The results indicate that all flap variations demonstrate stable oscillatory movement, but greater flap thickness reduces the maximum angle deviation due to increased inertia and hydrostatic pressure. A resonant peak was observed for all thicknesses at a wave period of 1.3 seconds, where energy transfer was maximized. At this frequency, the thickest flap achieved the highest efficiency (78.94%), followed by the intermediate (77.50%) and thinnest (70.77%) variations. The findings suggest that while flap thickness influences efficiency, the primary factor for maximizing energy capture is the alignment of the wave period with the device's natural frequency.