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Journal : Chemistry Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research

Formulation of Watermelon Rind (Citrullus vulgaris schard) and Secang (Caesalpinia sappan L.) Jam as Functional Food Rich in Antioxidants Aziz, Rahmawati; Jumrah, Elfira; Agustina, Ayu Safitri; Abubakar, Andi Nur Fitriani; Zulkarnain, A. Mutiara
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 11 No 2 (2023): Edition for September 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598//ijcr.2023.11-rah

Abstract

The body's immune system is one of the natural defenses in the human body, functioning to ward off various diseases, including those that emerged after the Covid-19 pandemic. One plant with potential as an antioxidant and easily found in the environment is watermelon. Jam made from watermelon rind and secang wood, with various formulations, namely 100% watermelon rind: 0% secang (F1), 90% watermelon rind: 10% secang (F2), 80% watermelon rind: 2% secang (F3), and 70% watermelon rind: 3% secang (F4), is expected to possess good antioxidant properties. A promising antioxidant formulation for watermelon rind jam and secang is the one with 70% watermelon rind and 30% secang (F4), having an IC50 value of 144.27 g/mL, which is classified as a moderate antioxidant. Among the four jam formulations, panelists preferred the jam formulation (F4) without the addition of sweetened condensed milk in terms of color and texture. However, for the jam formulation (F4) with the addition of sweetened condensed milk, panelists favored it in terms of aroma and taste. The jam formulation (F4) meets the quality standards for fruit jam based on INS 3746:2008, including total plate count, arsenic, and tin categories.
Formulation of Lahuna Leave (Eupatorium odoratum) and Sirih Leave Extract (Piper betle L.) as Antiseptic Liquid Soap Jumrah, Elfira; Abubakar, Andi Nur Fitriani; Agustina, Ayu Safitri; Karneng, Syahdam; Gusti, Herdie Idriawien
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Research Vol 10 No 3 (2023): Edition for January 2023
Publisher : Jurusan Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, Universitas Pattimura

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30598//ijcr.2023.10-jum

Abstract

Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms are the main cause of high morbidity and mortality in the world. One of the plants that have the potential as an antiseptic is a lahuna leaf. Lahuna leaves contain active antibacterial compounds and the addition of betel leaf to the liquid soap formulations can strengthen the activity of the antiseptic produced. The purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of liquid soap formulations of lahuna leaves and betel leaves as an antiseptic. The methods used include phytochemical screening, physical observation of liquid soap formulations, and antibacterial activity tests using agar diffusion methods. The results of the phytochemical analysis showed that lahuna leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids, while betel leaves contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The liquid soap formulation of lahuna leaves and betel leaves has a clear yellow color, distinctive aroma, liquid form, rough taste, and lots of foam and has very strong inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus which is characterized by clear zones formed for each formulation I (22.4 mm), formulation II (21.8 mm) and formulation III (20.1 mm). These results indicate the potential of liquid soap formulations of lahuna leaves and betel leaves as antiseptic soap.