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Formulation and Antioxidant Activity Test of Michelia champaca Linn. Flower Methanol Extract Gel Using DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl) Method Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Puspayanti, Ni Made; Antari, Ni Putu Udayana; Suradnyana, I Gede Made; Rahadi , I Wayan Surya
Media Farmasi Indonesia Vol. 18 No. 2 (2023): Media Farmasi Indonesia
Publisher : SEKOLAH TINGGI ILMU FARMASI YAYASAN PHARMASI SEMARANG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.53359/mfi.v18i2.222

Abstract

Michelia champaca, a tropical evergreen flower utilized for religious rituals in Bali, exhibits notable level of flavonoid with potent antioxidant properties. This study aims to investigate the antioxidant activity of gel formulation using methanol extract of Michelia champaca flowers. The gel formulations were prepared using varying concentration of the extract (5%, 7,5%, and 10%), and underwent physical evaluations. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22 at a 95% confidence level. The results showed gel formulations exhibit desirable physical characteristics, indicated by the presence of homogenous yellow-brown gel with the fragrance of extract, a spreadability range of 4.83-6.90 cm, adhesion time of 2.293-2.616 seconds, and pH of 5. The dispersion test revealed no significant difference between all formulations. The antioxidant activity was determined using DPPH radical scavenging assay, with IC50 values indicating the efficacy of gel. The IC50 values for FI, FII, and FIII were 49,859 µg/ml, 23.774 µg/ml, and 6.626 µg/ml, respectively, compared to the IC50 value of vitamin C 4,861 µg/ml. These results indicate that the Michelia champaca methanol extract gel possesses potent antioxidant activity. Moreover, the higher concentration of the extract exhibited a smaller IC50 value, indicating increased efficacy in scavenging free radicals.
Komunikasi dalam pemberian informasi obat Antari, Ni Putu Udayana; Megawati, Fitria; Agustini, Ni Putu Dewi; Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Suena, Ni Made Dharma Shantini
Jurnal Inovasi Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat (JIPEMAS) Vol 7 No 3 (2024)
Publisher : University of Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/jipemas.v7i3.21897

Abstract

Banyak penelitian menunjukkan terbatasnya informasi yang diberikan kepada pasien saat penyerahan obat di Apotek. Untuk itu perlu diadakan sosialisasi mengenai metode-metode komunikasi yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan informasi obat agar komunikasi dapat berjalan efektif dan efisien waktu. Pengabdian dilaksanakan menggunakan metode CBPR (Community-Based Participatory Research) dengan melibatkan ApotekKu sebagai salah satu apotek jaringan untuk memberikan pengaruh yang lebih luas bagi masyarakat. Peserta adalah tenaga kefarmasian di seluruh jaringan ApotekKu. Peserta diberikan sosialisasi mengenai pentingnya pemberian informasi obat sesuai dengan standar yang berlaku dan beberapa teknik komunikasi yang dapat diterapkan dalam pelayanan di apotek. Untuk membantu penyampaian informasi kepada pasien, apotek mitra dibantu dengan penyediaan media pemberian informasi obat berupa video dan buku. Sosialisasi dihadiri oleh 100 peserta, analisis pre-test dan post-test peserta sosialisasi menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan pada indikator pemberian informasi obat (p-value <0,001) maupun pada indikator teknik komunikasi (p-value = 0,032) menggunakan uji Wilcoxon dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Kegiatan pelatihan yang berkesinambungan perlu dilaksanakan untuk melanjutkan materi yang telah disampaikan.
Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Krim Ekstrak Aseton Biji Alpukat Suradnyana, I Gede Made; Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Juliadi, Debby; Suena, Ni Made Dharma Shantini
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 10 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v10i2.8728

Abstract

UV radiation can cause skin damage, thus requiring sunscreen and antioxidants for protection. Sunscreen absorbs or reflects UV rays, while antioxidants help increase antioxidant levels in skin tissues. Avocado seeds have potential as sunscreen and antioxidant agents, as the seed extract contains catechin, which can inhibit the enzymes tyrosinase, elastase, hyaluronidase, and collagenase. This study aims to determine the physical and chemical stability and the sunscreen and antioxidant activity of acetone avocado seed extract cream. The research stages included phytochemical screening, determination of total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity of the extract, cream formulation, physical and chemical stability tests, and sunscreen and antioxidant activity stability tests. The results showed that the extract tested positive for flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, phenols, and saponins. The extract's total flavonoid content and IC50 were 68.58±0.88 mg QE/100 g and 7.14 µg/ml, respectively. After six months of storage, there were changes in the color and spreadability of the cream. The spreadability significantly decreased from 50.87±3.17 to 35.21±2.09 g.cm/second, the total flavonoid content decreased from 9.16±0.27 to 4.48±0.16 mg QE/100 g, and the antioxidant activity significantly decreased from 7.41 to 18.72 µg/ml. Additionally, there was a significant increase in the SPF value from 1.62±0.01 to 1.87±0.06. Based on these results, the acetone avocado seed extract cream was unstable regarding physical, chemical, sunscreen, and antioxidant activity after six months of storage at room temperature. To improve the stability of the preparation, buffering in an acidic environment, adding antioxidants such as ascorbic acid, and storing at a cool temperature, are recommended.
Evaluation of anti-acne gel of Piper crocatum leaves ethanolic extract against Propionibacterium acnes Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Givanda, Jesi Dyah Ayu; Putra, Made Agus Sunadi
JURNAL ILMU KEFARMASIAN INDONESIA Vol 22 No 1 (2024): JIFI
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Pancasila

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.35814/jifi.v22i1.1564

Abstract

The red betel leaf (Piper crocatum) exhibited antibacterial properties by inhibiting Propionibacterium acnes, known for causing acne. The study aimed to develop an anti-acne gel formulation using Piper crocatum leaves ethanolic extract and to evaluate its antibacterial efficacy against Propionibacterium acnes. The extract was formulated into three gel formulas, with concentrations of 15%, 20%, and 25%, respectively. Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method, with Clindamycin gel as the positive control. The inhibition diameter were analyzed statistically using One Way ANOVA and Post Hoc LSD tests at a 95% confidence level. The result showed that the gel met the physical test requirements. The inhibition zone of the samples was observed with an inhibition diameter of 7.98 mm, 8.06 mm, and 8.16 mm for 15%, 20%, and 30% extract of gel, respectively, compared to the positive control 27.60 mm (p < 0,05). The research findings indicate that anti-acne gel of Piper crocatum leaves ethanolic extract exhibit moderate antibacterial activity in an in vitro setting. Statistically significant differences in inhibition diameters were observed between each gel sample and positive control.
The Predisposing Factors to Communicate Effectively in Providing Drug Information Hastama, Ryo; Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Antari, Ni Putu Udayana
Jurnal Farmasi Sains dan Komunitas (Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Community) Vol 22, No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Sanata Dharma University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24071/jpsc.007028

Abstract

Effective communication in providing drug information is essential to achieve the expected outcome in implementing pharmaceutical care. This study aims to analyze factors that influence the occurrence of effective communication in providing drug information. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire survey technique with a cross-sectional design. The study involved 100 samples from all districts in Denpasar City, which were taken by convenience sampling technique. The characteristics of the respondents are described descriptively. Bivariate and multivariate tests are used to analyze the effect of independent variables on effective communication. The pharmacy atmosphere has no significant impact on effective communication. Pharmacists' technical and interpersonal communication skills can facilitate effective communication on the Chi-squared test, but only the interpersonal communication competencies of pharmacists can encourage effective communication in the logistic regression analysis (p-value 0.008; CI: 95%; OR 4.751: 1.492-15.133). Communication factors, in general, predispose to effective communication. Besides paying attention to the message's contents, pharmacists must pay more attention to how drug information is conveyed to patients. Thus, there is a common understanding between the communicator and the communicant. The patient will also be encouraged to use the drug according to the instructions given so that the ultimate goal of treatment can be achieved.
Pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui pemanfaatan tanaman herbal sebagai obat rumahan dalam upaya peningkatan kesehatan keluarga Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Suradnyana, I Gede Made; Juliadi, Debby; Wardani, I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma; Sari, Gusti Ayu Putu Laksmi Puspa
Jurnal Inovasi Hasil Pengabdian Masyarakat (JIPEMAS) Vol 8 No 2 (2025)
Publisher : University of Islam Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33474/jipemas.v8i2.22713

Abstract

Lansia memiliki keterbatasan dalam konsumsi obat akibat penurunan fungsi organ, sehingga diperlukan alternatif yang lebih aman, seperti bahan alam. Beberapa tanaman herbal yang juga merupakan bumbu dapur, mengandung metabolit sekunder yang efektif sebagai analgetik dan antiinflamasi. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan lansia dalam memanfaatkan bumbu dapur sebagai minyak gosok. Kegiatan ini mengadopsi metode Participatory Action Research (PAR), dengan melibatkan peserta secara aktif dalam identifikasi kebutuhan, pelatihan, dan praktik pembuatan sediaan. Kegiatan ini melibatkan 50 peserta yoga lansia dari komunitas Gumuh Ayu yang aktif berlatih yoga dan memiliki perhatian pada kesehatan. Selama kegiatan, peserta menunjukkan antusiasme tinggi dan berpartisipasi aktif. Evaluasi kegiatan melalui observasi menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan peserta dalam meracik minyak gosok yang dapat diterapkan untuk kebutuhan pribadi maupun peluang usaha. Pendekatan integratif yang menggabungkan edukasi dan praktik pemanfaatan tanaman herbal berbasis komunitas ini terbukti efektif dan relevan diterapkan di kalangan lansia, terlebih lagi kegiatan berupaya sebagai peningkatan kesehatan keluarga. Program ini berpotensi berkelanjutan melalui integrasi dalam kegiatan rutin komunitas dan pengembangan produk berbasis tanaman herbal.
Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Biji dan Buah Bakau (Xylocarpus granatum J.Koenig) dengan Metode DPPH dan FRAP Wardani, I Gusti Agung Ayu Kusuma; Adrianta, Ketut Agus; Udayani, Ni Nyoman Wahyu; Fridayana, Ni Luh Gede Erica; Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Suena, Ni Made Dharma Shantini
Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento Vol 11 No 1 (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Medicamento
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/medicamento.v11i1.9426

Abstract

Free radical compounds are molecules that possess reactive and unstable properties, which can damage biomolecules by disrupting the integrity of DNA, proteins and lipids. This condition can trigger oxidative stress, which can result in degenerative diseases. Humans require antioxidant intake from external sources when their own endogenous antioxidants are insufficient to counteract free radicals. Previous studies have demonstrated the high antioxidant activity of mangrove seeds. However, the antioxidant potential of mangrove seed coats and fruits remains underexplored, particularly when assessed using the DPPH and FRAP methods. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity of seed coat and fruit extracts of Xylocarpus granatum J. Koenig using the DPPH and FRAP methods. This research is quantitative research with laboratory experimental approach. Antioxidant activity testing using DPPH and FRAP methods. Gallic acid was used as a comparison standard for antioxidant activity. The results obtained from the antioxidant activity testing of the ethanol extracts of seed shell, fruit and gallic acid were IC50 values of 10.83 mg/mL, 4.91 mg/mL and 0,793 mg/mL (DPPH) and RP50 of 4,455.63 mg/mL, 15,556.32 mg/mL and 34.04 mg/mL (FRAP). It is acknowledged that discrepancies in testing methodologies can influence the antioxidant activity of each extract, contingent on the nature of the free radical, the solvent, steric accessibility, and the pH of the medium.
Karakteristik Fisik Dan Uji Mikrobiologi Serta Skrining Fitokimia Loloh Kombinasi Daun Jempiring, Daun Pegagan, Daun Katuk, Dan Air Kelapa Puspawati, Made; Sanjaya, Dwi Arymbhi; Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti
Usadha Vol 4 No 2 (2025): Usadha : Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v4i02.7362

Abstract

Loloh is a traditional herbal beverage specifically produced by the Balinese community to prevent and treat various ailments. One example of loloh used for health maintenance can be formulated from a mixture of jempiring leaves (Gardenia jasminoides), pegagan leaves (Centella asiatica), katuk leaves (Breynia androgyna), and coconut water (Cocos nucifera). A major challenge in loloh production is the risk of microbial contamination. This study aims to examine the physical characteristics, bioactive compound profile, and microbiological quality of loloh formulated from a combination of jempiring leaves (G. jasminoides), pegagan leaves (C. asiatica), katuk leaves (B. androgyna), and coconut water (C. nucifera). The research employed an experimental design with a descriptive approach. Observed variables included organoleptic characteristics (color, form, odor), pH, microbiological parameters (total plate count [TPC] and yeast and mold count [YMC]), and phytochemical screening of the loloh preparation. The samples used in this study were loloh packaged in 250 ml bottles. A total of six bottles were used, with five allocated for microbiological testing and one for phytochemical screening. The resulting loloh exhibited a brown color, a distinctive odor, and a pH of 6. All five microbiological samples showed microbial contamination exceeding the permissible limits, with TPC values surpassing 10⁶ CFU/g and YMC values exceeding 10⁴ CFU/g. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and steroids. It can be concluded that loloh is rich in bioactive compounds; however, hygienic practices and microbiological safety must be carefully considered, particularly during production and packaging processes.
Effect of Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Concentration Variations as a Gelling Agent on the Physical Quality of Hydrogel Formulations Containing Ethanol Extract of Impatiens balsamina L. Herb Buana, Komang Dirga Mega; Pebriani, Ni Luh Gede Wiwin; Suryani, Ade Irma; Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Candraningrat, I Dewa Agung Ayu Diva; Sasadara, Maria Malida Vernandes
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol. 10 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26911/theijmed.2025.10.4.872

Abstract

Background: Impatiens balsamina L. herb is known to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, making it a promising candidate for development as an active ingredient in topical formulations. Hydrogels are considered an ideal delivery system for topical wound treat­ment due to their ability to provide controlled drug release, with hydroxypropyl methyl­cellulose (HPMC) commonly employed as a stable gelling agent. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of varying HPMC concentrations on the physical quality of hydrogel formulations containing ethanol extract of Impatiens balsamina L. herb. Subjects and Method: This was an experimental study. Hydrogel formulations were prepared with varying concentrations of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) at 1%, 2%, and 3% as the gelling agent. Each formulation was evaluated for physical quality parameters, including organo­leptic properties, homogeneity, spreadability, adhesiveness, and pH value, following standard topical formulation testing procedures. Results: The evaluation results showed that all formulations exhibited good homogeneity and pH values within the safe range for skin application. Increasing HPMC concentration did not visually affect the color of the formulations; however, it influenced the formulation consistency, decreased spreadability, and increased adhesiveness. Conclusion: Variations in HPMC concentration in hydrogel formulations containing ethanol extract of Impatiens balsamina L. herb significantly affected the physical quality parameters, particularly consistency, spreadability, and adhesiveness. The formulation with 2% HPMC concen­tration demonstrated the most optimal physical characteristics for topical application.
Formulasi dan Evaluasi Mutu Fisik Lip balm dari Ekstrak Kulit Buah Hylocereus lemairei dengan Variasi Konsentrasi Cera Alba Suena, Ni Made Dharma Shantini; Intansari, Ni Putu Ocha Indira; Suradnyana, I Gede Made; Mendra, Ni Nyoman Yudianti; Antari, Ni Putu Udayana
Usadha Vol 1 No 3 (2022): Usadha: Jurnal Integrasi Obat Tradisional
Publisher : Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36733/usadha.v1i3.5583

Abstract

Red dragon fruit skin (Hylocereus lemairei) contains flavonoid compounds (polyphenols), and vitamins C and E which play the main role as antioxidants, so they are good for moisturizing, nourishing, and maintaining skin health. Lip balm is a cosmetic preparation with main components such as waxes, fats, and oils from natural or synthesized extracts to prevent dryness by increasing lip moisture. The stability of preparation is very important in maintaining the physical quality of the preparation until it reaches the consumer. This study aims to determine the concentration of Cera alba as a stiffening agent needed to produce lip balm preparations of red dragon fruit skin extract (Hylocereus lemairei) with good physical quality. The response observed was the physical quality of the lip balm preparation which included organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, adhesion, and mechanical strength of the lip balm. Data analysis was carried out descriptively. This research begins with the extraction process of red dragon fruit skin using an ultrasonic wave-assisted maceration method using 96% ethanol and 1% HCl. In this study, a lip balm formulation was made from red dragon fruit peel extract with various concentrations of Cera alba 5% (F1), 10% (F2), and 15% (F3) as a stiffening agent. The resulting preparations were stored for 28 days, and their physical quality was observed. The results showed that lip balm preparations F3 produced good physical quality of lip balm preparations during storage. Dragon fruit peel extract can be properly formulated using Cera alba at a concentration of 15% to become a lip balm preparation that has high-quality physical characteristics and has the potential to be developed into a cosmetic preparation that is able to maintain skin moisture, especially the lips.