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Journal : Journal of Applied Movement and Sport Science (JAMSS)

Sodium bicarbonate supplementation and its impact on endurance performance: A PRISMA-guided systematic review Islam, Syahrizal; Husein, Muhamad; Demetrimus Nubatoni, Jefrio; Azizah Awaliyyah, Ulfatul; Gemilang Muti, Gilang; Atmaja, Ardan Raditya Dwi
Journal of Applied Movement and Sport Science Vol. 1 No. 3 (2025): Journal of Applied Movement and Sport Science
Publisher : Khatulistwa Education Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65575/jamss.v1i3.8

Abstract

Background Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) has gained substantial attention as an ergogenic aid due to its buffering capacity, which helps mitigate exercise-induced metabolic acidosis. Its use has been widely explored in high-intensity sports where the accumulation of hydrogen ions contributes to early muscle fatigue and decreased performance. Objectives This systematic review aims to synthesize current empirical evidence regarding the effectiveness of sodium bicarbonate supplementation in enhancing endurance-related performance outcomes, with a particular focus on its role in delaying muscle fatigue during exercise. Methods A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Article identification and selection employed the PICO framework. Relevant studies were retrieved from Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and PubMed using the keywords “sodium bicarbonate,” “endurance,” “performance,” and “muscle fatigue.” Nine peer-reviewed studies met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed descriptively to evaluate the effects of sodium bicarbonate on athletic performance. Results The findings indicate that sodium bicarbonate supplementation can enhance performance, particularly in high-intensity and short-to-medium-duration activities. However, its effectiveness is highly context-dependent and influenced by exercise modality, duration and intensity, athlete training status, and supplementation protocol—including dosage, timing, and individual physiological tolerance. Several studies employed relatively small and homogeneous samples, limiting the generalizability of the results. Conclusion Sodium bicarbonate shows consistent potential as an ergogenic supplement for improving endurance-related performance by attenuating metabolic fatigue. Nonetheless, its benefits are not uniform across all athletes or sport types. Optimal outcomes appear to require individualized dosing strategies and sport-specific application. This review provides an updated synthesis of evidence on sodium bicarbonate supplementation and highlights critical variables that moderate its effectiveness. The study underscores the need for individualized supplementation protocols and encourages future research employing larger, more diverse athlete populations and standardized ergogenic assessment methods.
The Effect of Pencak Silat Extracurricular Activities  in Student Character Building: A Literature Review as a Theoretical Approach Nubatonis, Jefrio Demitrimus; Dzakiyyah, Dwi Manna Nasmi; Husein, Muhamad; Németh, Zsolt; Dafun JR, Procopio B.
Journal of Applied Movement and Sport Science Vol. 1 No. 2 (2025): Journal of Applied Movement and Sport Science
Publisher : Khatulistwa Education Center

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65575/jamss.v1i2.48

Abstract

Background Extracurricular activities in schools play an important role in student character building, one of which is pencak silat. This study aims to analyze the influence of pencak silat extracurricular activities on student character building through a literature review approach. Objectives This study reveals that pencak silat not only develops physical abilities, but also values of discipline, responsibility, and respect for others. Through literature analysis, this study concludes that pencak silat can be an effective medium in student character building. Methods Research method This research uses a literature review approach by analyzing various secondary sources such as relevant journals, books, and articles. The analysis process involves identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing findings related to pencak silat and character building. Results The results of this study show that pencak silat extracurricular activities contribute significantly to student character building. The values taught in pencak silat include discipline, responsibility, cooperation, and respect, which are important for students' character development. Therefore, schools need to support this activity as an integral part of character education. Conclusion Based on a literature review, extracurricular pencak silat activities contribute significantly to student character development. The values taught in pencak silat include discipline, responsibility, cooperation, and respect, which are essential for student character development. Therefore, schools need to support these activities as an integral part of character education.