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Transformasi Hisab-Rukyat Dalam Penentuan Awal Bulan Hijriah di Muhammadiyah Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli; Hidayat, Muhammad; Putraga, Hariyadi
Al-Hikmah: Jurnal Agama dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Vol. 21 No. 1 (2024): Al-Hikmah: Jurnal Agama dan Ilmu Pengetahuan (JAIP)
Publisher : UIR Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/al-hikmah:jaip.2024.vol21(1).14676

Muhammadiyah as a tajdid (renewal) movement will continue to improve the system in determining the beginning of hijri month through studies, discussions seminars, and research so that the methods and criteria used are truly following the Qur’an, hadith and the Muslims needs in the world. This research purpose to analyze, explore, and discover the transformation and changes in methods made by Muhammadiyah to determine the new month. The research method in this study is a literature study, by conducting a study and book analysis, journals, Suara Muhammadiyah magazines, and related references that have a close relationship with the studies. Based on the study, it shows that Muhammadiyah has made several transformations in its ijtihad to determine the beginning of the new hijri month, starting from the hisab imkanur rukyat sytem, then replaced with the hisab ijtima’ qabl al-ghurub, and the last one was perfected with the hisab wujudul hilal.

Upaya memasyarakatkan astronomi melalui OIF Goes To School di Sekolah MIN 12 Medan Putraga, Hariyadi; Panjaitan, Nur Nilam Sary; Nasution, Makromatul afifah; Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli
Jurnal Dinamika Sosial Budaya Vol 26, No 1 (2024): Juni (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/jdsb.v26i1.8832

Astronomi lahir dari kebutuhan masyarakat dalam pencarian penanda waktu dan arah. Namun, masyarakat sendiri belum banyak yang mengenal fenomena astronomi dan cenderung lupa bahkan tidak mengetahui tentang fenomena tersebut. Upaya mengenalkan astronomi kepada masyarakat merupakan salah satu solusi yang dilakukan oleh peneliti yang bekerjasama dengan OIF UMSU masih sebatas di sekolah dilakukan dengan memanfaatkan Program OIF Goes to School di Kota Medan. Program yang dilakukan adalah Sosialisasi dan mengedukasi masyarakat tentang fenomena astronomi, pengamatan matahari dengan teleskop dan kacamata matahari, serta instrumen Astronomi lainnya yang dibawa saat kegiatan berlangsung. Dari program yang dilakukan, masyarakat memberi respon melalui kuisioner dengan skala likert. Respon masyarakat sangat baik, dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 3,71. Sebanyak 96% responden menyatakan perlu selalu diadakan kegiatan ini kembali.

SHADIQ DAWN OBSERVATION USING ALL SKY CAMERA IN DELI SERDANG, NORTH SUMATERA Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli; Qorib, Muhammad; Putraga, Hariyadi
ELFALAKY: Jurnal Ilmu Falak Vol 8 No 2 (2024): Desember
Publisher : UIN ALAUDDIN MAKASSAR

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24252/ifk.v8i2.49707

Technological advancements in optics and digital image recorders as means were breakthroughs in capturing and observing Shadiq Fajr's appearance which produce images according to visual as seen by the eye in the field. Digital camera usage such as the All-Sky Camera which is adjustable in taking dawn data according to a certain time, could show the sky conditions from dark to light, thus providing real evidence of the shadiq fajr appearance. Based on the research conducted, there are differences in Fajr prayer times based on the results of the observations by the All-Sky Camera with processed images using ImageJ and the Fajr prayer schedule issued by the Ministry of Religion of the Republic of Indonesia. Based on the image produced by ASC and processed using imagej, it shows that there is a change in the sky from dark to bright time which is characterized by significant graphic changes continuously. The study results obtained the average of the Sun depth at the Shadiq Fajr appearance is the altitude of 13.75 degrees below the horizon.

Simulasi Perhitungan Waktu Salat Menggunakan Spreadsheet Raisal, Abu Yazid; Ariswan, Ariswan; Sukma, Mega; Ritonga, Marataon
Al-Marshad: Jurnal Astronomi Islam dan Ilmu-Ilmu Berkaitan Vol 8, No 1 (2022): Al-Marshad
Publisher : University of Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/jam.v8i1.8719

The determination of prayer times initially only used the direct observation method (rukyat) namely observing the shadow of an object, then the determination of prayer times developed with the advent of the calculation method (hisab). The purpose of this study is to make a simulation of the calculation of prayer times using a spreadsheet. A simulation of the calculation of prayer times using a spreadsheet has been made. The prayer times generated by the spreadsheet are not much different from the prayer times obtained from the Accurate Times application. The simulation that has been made can show the effect of the Earth's revolution at prayer times at various latitudes.

Hilal Observation using LRGB Filters Firdaus, Muhammad Dimas; Putraga, Hariyadi; Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i2.10928

The technology used in hilal observation continues to develop. Most recently, using filters has become one of the options in hilal observation. Several filters can be used, ranging from low wavelengths like ultraviolet to high wavelengths like infrared. In some ideas, there needs to be a limit to the use of filters, the human eye's ability as a benchmark for the filter used. The human eye is sensitive to light with visual wavelengths, and one type of filter in this range is the LRGB filter. In this study, hilal observations were made on four filters and compared to find out which filter is better at increasing the contrast of hilal against the background. Using Michelson and Weber contrast as the definition of contrast to determine the comparison of the brightness value of the object with the background. From the observations made, it is found that the R filter will produce higher contrast values at low altitudes, followed by the L, G, and B filters. However, at higher altitudes, the contrast values of the L and R filters are similar, while the G and B filters remain low.

Problematika Penentuan Hari Tarwiyah dan Arafah dalam Perspektif Ilmu Falak Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli; Putraga, Hariyadi; Hidayat, Muhammad
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2023): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v2i1.1093

For a long time, Muslims were facing problems related to the determination of the Tarwiyah and the Arafat fasting day. In this case, whether Muslims should follow the Saudi Arabian calendar or the local one. In this study, Muslims differ in opinion, some argue that they should follow the Saudi Arabia calendar and others say that enough to follow the national calendar. The absence of unified calendar resulted in many problems faced by Muslims in assigning their holidays such as Ramadan, Shawwal, and Dhulhijah. To achieve Muslim unification in conducting various religious rituals, Muslims must have a unification dating system in order to realize togetherness in determining the worshipping time. This research is literature research. Thus the data that used in the form of books, journals, and other references. The results concluded that the determination of Tarwiyah and f Arafat Day until now still provides dispute among Muslims, there are those who argue specifically in determining the Dhulhijah beginning must be oriented to the Saudi Arabia kingdom’s determination. While others argue that assigning the worshipping time does not have to follow Saudi Arabia, just adhering to the nation’s determination

Perbandingan Medan Pandang Teleskop dalam Pengamatan Konjungsi Bulan – Jupiter dari Kota Medan, Barus, dan Lhokseumawe Putraga, Hariyadi; Firdaus, Muhammad Dimas; Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli; Ruslandi, Ruslandi; Ismail, Ismail
Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 3 No. 1 (2024): Astroislamica: Journal of Islamic Astronomy (Juni)
Publisher : Islamic Astronomy Department, Sharia and Law Faculty

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.47766/astroislamica.v3i1.2816

Astronomical phenomenon occur for only a limited amount of time. Observing these phenomenon requires competent promoters and appropriate instruments. The field of view is one of the things that needs to be clearly known so that the observation can take place properly. In this study, joint observations were made between IAIN Lhokseumawe Falak Science Study Programme and OIF UMSU in Medan and Barus. The instruments used in these observations are different, resulting in a variety of fields of view and calculations are needed to get a description of the results. This study aims to calculate the field of view and visibility of the observed phenomenon, the conjunction of the Moon - Jupiter. The results obtained are for the instrument used by IAIN Lhokseumawe Falak Science Study Program at Malikussaleh Observatory has a field of view of 2°7'46.13‘ × 1°25'22.25’, the instrument used by UMSU Medan Falak Science Observatory has a field of view of 1°8'26.96‘ × 0°54'45.57’, and the instrument used by the OIF UMSU Barus team has a field of view of 1°0'43.74’ × 0°41'1.98. Using this combination of instruments cannot observe the conjunction phenomenon, because the elongation of the Moon - Jupiter at the time of the observation is >4°, so to be able to get the visibility of the phenomenon in 1 image requires an instrument that produces a field of view of ~5°.

Frequency-Based Analysis of Mosque Qibla Errors in Medan Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli; Putraga, Hariyadi; Ritonga, Marataon; Ismail, Ismail
Al-Hilal: Journal of Islamic Astronomy Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Fakultas Syari'ah dan Hukum UIN Walisongo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21580/al-hilal.2025.7.1.24203

Mosque plays a vital role in supporting the performance of prayer comfortably and solemnly. However, one of the most crucial elements in mosque construction is the accuracy of the qibla direction facing the Kaaba. In cities far from the Kaaba, such as Medan, determining the qibla direction cannot be done visually and requires precise astronomical calculations and technical approaches. The problem that arises is the continued presence of mosques with qibla directions deviating from the correct orientation, which can affect the quality of worship for Muslims. This study uses a specially reduced mosque Qibla measurement sample data in Medan city. This paper analyzes data from 38 mosque samples with Qibla direction errors, which were re-measured by the UMSU OIF team. The data were then processed using a frequency distribution method to provide an overview of the error distribution in mosque Qibla directions across the city of Medan. This study found that the error often seen is a deviation of 9-12 degrees from the Qibla direction, and the mistake factors. This study also found that the misalignment of Qibla directions in Medan is mainly due to prioritizing land efficiency over directional accuracy during mosque construction, as well as relying on general assumptions and previously heard fatwas rather than precise astronomical calculations.

Hilal Observation using LRGB Filters Firdaus, Muhammad Dimas; Putraga, Hariyadi; Ritonga, Marataon; Rakhmadi, Arwin Juli
AL - AFAQ : Jurnal Ilmu Falak dan Astronomi Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024): Desember 2024
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20414/afaq.v6i2.10928

The technology used in hilal observation continues to develop. Most recently, using filters has become one of the options in hilal observation. Several filters can be used, ranging from low wavelengths like ultraviolet to high wavelengths like infrared. In some ideas, there needs to be a limit to the use of filters, the human eye's ability as a benchmark for the filter used. The human eye is sensitive to light with visual wavelengths, and one type of filter in this range is the LRGB filter. In this study, hilal observations were made on four filters and compared to find out which filter is better at increasing the contrast of hilal against the background. Using Michelson and Weber contrast as the definition of contrast to determine the comparison of the brightness value of the object with the background. From the observations made, it is found that the R filter will produce higher contrast values at low altitudes, followed by the L, G, and B filters. However, at higher altitudes, the contrast values of the L and R filters are similar, while the G and B filters remain low.

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