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All Journal Scientific Journal of Reflection : Economic, Accounting, Management and Business
Agil Badawi
Universitas Negeri Medan
Economics, Econometrics & Finance

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Kesenjangan Pendapatan sebagai Determinan Kemiskinan di Indonesia: Studi Literatur dalam Perspektif Pembangunan Ekonomi Inklusif Riza Indriani; Agil Badawi; Agung Kurniawan B. Marpaung; Bonansa Situmorang; Cindy B. Sitanggang; Cristine Natasia Sihaloho; Dhea Ananda Pinem
SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF REFLECTION : Economic, Accounting, Management and Business Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF REFLECTION: Economic, Accounting, Management, & Business
Publisher : Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Pustek

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37481/sjr.v9i3.1502

Abstract

Income inequality remains a persistent structural issue that weakens the effectiveness of poverty reduction in Indonesia, despite sustained economic growth. This study aims to examine the relationship between income inequality and poverty, identify key mediating factors, and analyze them within the framework of inclusive economic development. A qualitative literature review approach was applied using systematically selected secondary data from academic journals, books, and official reports published between 2010 and 2025. The selection of literature was based on relevance, credibility, and recency. The analysis employed content analysis to synthesize findings and identify consistent patterns across studies. The results show that income inequality significantly contributes to poverty persistence by limiting access to education, formal employment, productive assets, and basic services. Structural factors such as regional disparities, labor market dualism, and unequal resource distribution further reinforce this relationship. In addition, inequality reduces the effectiveness of economic growth in lowering poverty and increases the risk of intergenerational poverty. The study emphasizes that inclusive economic development through equitable access, improved human capital, and targeted social policies is essential to reduce inequality and poverty in a sustainable.
Dampak Penerapan Sistem Blok terhadap Kepuasan Mahasiswa Jurusan Manajemen Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Negeri Medan Putri Anita Lumbantoruan; Marta Marta; Adnan Sitompul; Agil Badawi; Zulkarnian Siregar
SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF REFLECTION : Economic, Accounting, Management and Business Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF REFLECTION: Economic, Accounting, Management, & Business
Publisher : Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Pustek

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37481/sjr.v9i1.1340

Abstract

Universities are required to develop learning models that support effective learning processes and ensure student satisfaction. Medan State University has implemented a block system that organizes learning into intensive periods focusing on a single course at a time. This study aims to determine the effect of the block system on student satisfaction in the Management Department, Faculty of Economics. This research employed a quantitative approach using a structured questionnaire distributed to 50 students who participated in block-system learning. The instrument was validated and tested for reliability before use. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and simple linear regression after fulfilling classical assumption tests. The results show that all questionnaire items were valid and reliable, and the regression model met the assumptions of normality, homoscedasticity, and non-autocorrelation. Regression analysis indicates that the block system has a positive and significant effect on student satisfaction, expressed in the equation Y = 2.817 + 1.013X. The coefficient of determination (R² = 0.859) demonstrates that the block system explains 85.9% of the variation in student satisfaction. These findings confirm that the block system contributes meaningfully to improving focus, comprehension, and learning experience, which lead to higher satisfaction among Management students at Medan State University.
Co-Authors Adnan Sitompul Agung Kurniawan B. Marpaung Bonansa Situmorang Cindy B. Sitanggang Cristine Natasia Sihaloho Dhea Ananda Pinem Marta Marta Putri Anita Lumbantoruan Riza Indriani Zulkarnian Siregar