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Human Rights Violations and Corporate Criminal Liability: An Analysis of the New Indonesian Criminal Law Mia Amiati; Adhryansah Adhryansah; Iman Prihandono
Sriwijaya Law Review Volume 8 Issue 2, July 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Sriwijaya University, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.28946/slrev.Vol8.Iss2.3687.pp230-248

In light of the increasing role of corporations in facilitating gross human rights violations, this article seeks to evaluate the implementation of the Indonesian Criminal Law in addressing corporate criminal liability. Notably, the recently amended Indonesian Criminal Law recognizes corporations as subjects of criminal law, but Law No. 26 of 2000, which regulates gross human rights violations, does not. Consequently, this research specifically scrutinizes the Indonesian Criminal Code, Law No. 26 of 2000, and international legal standards to answer the issues: rules of aiding and abetting under international criminal law and the applicability of corporate culture theory, and the implementation of Indonesian Criminal Law in addressing corporate criminal liability for gross human rights violations. Examining these issues relies on three methodologies, namely the statutory approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. The results of this article uncover that the recognition of corporations as subjects under the new Indonesian Criminal Code and rectification of the ratione materiae of Law No. 26 of 2000 open the avenue for corporations to be held criminally liable for gross human rights violations based on aiding and abetting. Furthermore, the theory of corporate culture envisaged in the new Indonesian Criminal Code renders the plausibility of holding corporations liable if they are deemed to cultivate a culture that pushes or encourages a gross human rights violation.

Navigating Ambiguity: Critiques of Indonesia's Health Law and its Impact on Legal Redress for Medical Malpractice Victims Amiati, Mia; Halim, Hamzah; Hassim, Jady Zaidi
Hasanuddin Law Review VOLUME 10 ISSUE 1, APRIL 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/halrev.v10i1.5346

In Indonesia, the fundamental right to health is enshrined in the 1945 Constitution, affirming every person's entitlement to live a safe and prosperous life with access to health services. The 2023 Health Law focuses on six pillars, including health security, funding, human resources, technology, primary care, and referral services, aiming to alleviate financial burdens through progressive financing. Particularly significant is the procedural change in protecting health workers, notably medical personnel, through the implementation of restorative justice methods. This article critically examines the implications of the 2023 Health Law on victim redress, particularly concerning medical personnel protection and the application of restorative justice in life-threatening medical error cases. However, the provision regarding the handling of medical personnel facing criminal allegations and disciplinary sanctions raises concerns regarding clarity and implementation. Ambiguities surrounding key terms and the prioritization of restorative justice mechanisms without clear guidelines may result in delays and inconsistencies in the legal process. This study sheds light on the need for clarity and refinement in legal frameworks to ensure the protection of both medical personnel and patients while promoting accountability and justice within the healthcare system.

Urgency of Falsum in Indonesian Criminal Justice System as Basis for Revision; An Islamic Perspective Mia Amiati; Taufik Rachman; R.B. Muhammad Zainal Abidin
AL-IHKAM: Jurnal Hukum & Pranata Sosial Vol. 19 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia IAIN Madura collaboration with The Islamic Law Researcher Association (APHI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19105/al-lhkam.v19i2.13141

In Indonesian Islamic law, "falsum" has no direct equivalent. However, this idea matters in legal debates of beliefs, utterances, and behaviors. Falsum corrects final decisions in Germany and the Dutch during Revision. Indonesian prosecutors might request Revision, but the Constitutional Court limited this power to convicts and their descendants, extending unfairness. Revision should remedy bribery, document forgery, conflict of interest, and perjury by using the idea of falsum. However, falsum implementation in Indonesia raises problems about its compatibility with Islamic values. The study investigates how addressing falsum, in accordance with the principles of justice and utility, can lead to fairer legal reforms and bolster public confidence in the judiciary, especially within Indonesia's predominantly Muslim community. It examines the possibilities and drawbacks of legalizing falsum in Indonesia using normative, theoretical, and comparative approaches. It contends that the notion of falsum can provide a persuasive rationale for legal reforms in Indonesia's criminal court system. It also enables law enforcement officials and future drafters of the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP) to understand the evolution of Revision because granting prosecutors the authority to initiate Revision based on falsum is crucial for ensuring greater justice.

Analisis Kasus Malapraktik di Rumah Sakit di Indonesia Dhamanti, Inge; Rachman, Taufik; Amiati, Mia
Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia Vol 13, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Center for Health Policy and Management

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jkki.93363

Malapraktik medis merupakan penyebab utama mortalitas dan morbiditas di seluruh dunia. Selama rentang tahun 2010-2015, Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia memperkirakan adanya sekitar 485 kasus malapraktik dalam praktik keperawatan di Indonesia, terdiri dari 357 kasus malapraktik administratif, 82 kasus malapraktik sipil, dan 46 kasus malapraktik kriminal yang melibatkan unsur kelalaian.Tujuan dari studi ini adalah melakukan pemetaan terhadap kasus malapraktik yang terjadi di rumah sakit di Indonesia.Peneliti melakukan penelusuran kasus malapraktik pada Direktori Putusan Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia dari tahun 2011 sampai tahun 2021. Semua kasus malapraktik yang terjadi di rumah sakit masuk dalam kriteria inklusi. Setelah itu, dilakukan analisis deskriptif terkait kategori insiden, tenaga kesehatan yang terlibat, jenis dan status akreditasi rumah sakit.Hasil analisis terdapat 24 kasus malapraktik yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, kasus malapraktik di Indonesia menyebabkan kecacatan permanen (37,5%), melibatkan dokter (95,8%), terjadi di rumah sakit swasta (75%), terjadi di rumah sakit tipe B (79,2%), dan terjadi di rumah sakit terakreditasi paripurna (70,4%).Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan dapat disimpulkan bahwa, masih banyaknya kasus malapraktik yang terjadi di rumah sakit di Indonesia. Studi ini juga menunjukkan bahwa tingginya status akreditasi rumah sakit belum tentu memberikan jaminan tidak terjadinya insiden.

Transformation of Public Trust in Restorative Justice by the Prosecutor's Office: An Islamic and Social Law Approach in the Contemporary Era Hadi Sucipto; Falih Suaedi; Erna Setijaningrum; Mia Amiati; Rachmat Suhaimi Nasution
MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review Vol. 3 No. 2 (2024): MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, IAIN Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/milrev.v3i2.9938

This study examines the transformation of public trust in implementing restorative justice by the prosecutor's office in Indonesia, particularly in a contemporary era that demands a more inclusive and responsive legal approach. Using a qualitative approach, this research combines insights from Islamic law and social studies to examine the factors influencing public trust in restorative justice and the prosecutor's role in resolving conflicts and promoting social harmony. The study gathers insights through in-depth interviews with legal academics, prosecutorial practitioners, and community representatives, aiming to understand their perceptions of the effectiveness and fairness of the restorative justice process. From the Islamic law perspective, the study highlights a normative framework rooted in values of justice, consultation (shura), and restoration (islah), which closely align with the core principles of restorative justice. Social studies provide additional depth by exploring the influence of individual experiences, legal awareness, and public perceptions of the prosecutor's office on trust dynamics. The findings indicate a gradual increase in public trust in restorative justice within Indonesia, reflecting growing acceptance of its potential as an alternative to conventional punitive measures. However, significant challenges persist, particularly regarding transparency and consistency in its implementation by the prosecutor's office. Studies on similar cases worldwide reveal that transparent processes and accountability are essential for maintaining public confidence, underscoring the importance of addressing these gaps in Indonesia. By positioning restorative justice as a culturally resonant and equitable alternative within Indonesia's legal framework, the study provides actionable insights for policymakers and practitioners striving to create a justice system that aligns with societal needs and ethical values.

Incorporating Islah Principles into Restorative Justice: Bridging Contemporary Legal Practice and Islamic Values Joko Budi Darmawan; Fendy Suhariadi; Suparto Widjojo; Mia Amiati; Amjad Hamad Abdullah
MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): MILRev: Metro Islamic Law Review
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia, IAIN Metro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.32332/milrev.v4i1.10435

The concept of islah in Islamic law emphasizes peaceful conflict resolution through mediation, compromise, and forgiveness—principles that align closely with the restorative justice approach in modern legal systems. This article aims to explore the integration of islah values into the restorative justice framework, as well as how the concept of reconciliation in both positive law and Islamic law can be recontextualized in the contemporary era. This study employs a qualitative method using a normative-juridical and comparative approach based on a literature review of primary and secondary sources, including classical Islamic legal texts (turath), statutory regulations, and policy documents on restorative justice practices in Indonesia and selected Muslim-majority countries. The findings indicate that islah values hold significant potential to enrich restorative justice practices, particularly in strengthening participatory justice and the restoration of social relationships. The recontextualization of reconciliation not only opens space for dialogue between positive law and Islamic law but also offers a more humanistic, contextual, and community-responsive model of conflict resolution. The article recommends enhancing legal regulations to incorporate islah-based approaches within Indonesia's criminal justice system as part of a broader effort to harmonize national legal norms with Islamic values. Its academic contribution lies in providing a constructive foundation for the theoretical and normative integration of islah values into the national legal system through restorative justice while offering a new paradigm for resolving criminal cases in a more contextualized manner.

Navigating Ambiguity: Critiques of Indonesia's Health Law and its Impact on Legal Redress for Medical Malpractice Victims Amiati, Mia; Halim, Hamzah; Hassim, Jady Zaidi
Hasanuddin Law Review VOLUME 10 ISSUE 1, APRIL 2024
Publisher : Faculty of Law, Hasanuddin University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20956/halrev.v10i1.5346

In Indonesia, the fundamental right to health is enshrined in the 1945 Constitution, affirming every person's entitlement to live a safe and prosperous life with access to health services. The 2023 Health Law focuses on six pillars, including health security, funding, human resources, technology, primary care, and referral services, aiming to alleviate financial burdens through progressive financing. Particularly significant is the procedural change in protecting health workers, notably medical personnel, through the implementation of restorative justice methods. This article critically examines the implications of the 2023 Health Law on victim redress, particularly concerning medical personnel protection and the application of restorative justice in life-threatening medical error cases. However, the provision regarding the handling of medical personnel facing criminal allegations and disciplinary sanctions raises concerns regarding clarity and implementation. Ambiguities surrounding key terms and the prioritization of restorative justice mechanisms without clear guidelines may result in delays and inconsistencies in the legal process. This study sheds light on the need for clarity and refinement in legal frameworks to ensure the protection of both medical personnel and patients while promoting accountability and justice within the healthcare system.

Psychological Protection and Intervention Model for Child Victims of Sexual Violence at the Garut Prosecutor's Office Helena Octavianne; Katarina Endang Sarwestri; Mia Amiati; Feza Reza; Donny Trianto
Plakat : Jurnal Pelayanan Kepada Masyarakat Vol 7, No 2 (2025): Plakat: Jurnal Pelayanan Kepada Masyarakat
Publisher : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Mulawarman

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30872/plakat.v7i2.22426

Cases of sexual violence against children in Garut Regency are increasing year by year, indicating that more victims are daring to report despite facing psychological challenges and social stigma. This study aims to explore the psychological protection and intervention model applied in the investigation process at the Garut District Attorney's Office, with a focus on the Women, Children, and Disability Justice Post. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach with document analysis and media reporting. The results of the study show that the Justice Post has an important role in providing psychological support and access to justice for victims, by creating a safe space for victims to express individual experiences. However, there are still challenges related to the social stigma and fear to report faced by victims. The implications of this study show the importance of inter-institutional collaboration in providing holistic protection for victims of sexual violence, by paying attention to psychological, medical, and legal aspects in the victim recovery process.

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