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Journal : Strada Journal of Pharmacy

Antibacterial Activity Test and Wound Healing Infection Telang Leaf Extract (Clitoria ternatea L.) in Hyperglycemic Rabbits Arif Wijayanto; Juvita Herdianty; Adjie Wahyu Pradana
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 1 (2022): April
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v4i1.46

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the antibacterial activity and wound healing of Telang (Clitoria ternatea L.) leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25293 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 in 15 New Zealand rabbits aged 3-5 months weighing 1500–2500 grams of hyperglycemia induced by alloxan and randomly divided into 5 groups, namely normal, negative control (cream base), positive control (Sagestam® which each gram contains Gentamycin Sulfate equivalent to 1 mg of Gentamycin), topical administration of 10% and 20% Telang leaf extract cream. The back skin of the hyperglycemic rabbit was injured with a punch biopsy with a diameter of 5 mm, a depth of ± 0.5 mm, then treated according to the test group for 14 days. Parameters measured included wound diameter and histological observations of infected and non-infected wounds in hyperglycemic rabbits. The results showed that 10% Telang leaf extract cream had antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli which was comparable to the positive control, namely the diameter of the inhibition zone against S. aureus and E. coli was 27.3mm and 18.5mm. Telang leaf extract cream also had infection wound healing activity which was comparable to positive control in hyperglycemic rabbits, wound healing activity for infected wounds was 0.9 mm and non-infected wounds were 0.8 mm.
Lip Cream Formulation With Natural Dyes From Secang Wood Leather Luluk Aniqoh Meliana; Juvita Herdianty; Arif Wijayanto
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v4i2.65

Abstract

Colorants are an important part of decorative cosmetics, including in lip cream preparations. Secang bark (Caesalpinia Sappan) contains chemical compounds of flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins and essential oils. Researchers formulate lip cream preparations by utilizing natural pigments contained in the bark of secang wood. The preparations were made with various concentrations of sappan bark extract, namely 15%, 20%, and 25%. Evaluation of the preparations made is an evaluation of physical quality including organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, smearing power, photostability, and stability tests by centrifugation method. Evaluation of safety was carried out through irritation test with patch test method and preference test. The results of the evaluation of lip cream preparations showed that all formulas had good greasing power and homogeneity, were physically stable which was characterized by no separation, and had good dispersibility, spreadability, and stable pH value. All preparations during storage for 21 days did not show changes in texture and odor. Then in terms of color, both organoleptically and photostability testing did not show a decrease in color intensity. Based on respondents' responses, the most preferred formula is formula II with the addition of an extract of 20%.
Antibacterial Test of Liquid Soap Preparations Rambutan Peel Extract (Nephelium lappaceum Linn) the Growth of Staphylococcus Aureus Juvita Herdianty; Luluk Aniqoh Meliana Putri; Arif Wijayanto
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v4i2.66

Abstract

Long-term use of antibiotics leads to resistance. Rambutan fruit is a fruit which grows seasonally, but the utilization of the fruit skin is still lacking. Several studies have been carried out but limited to the flesh and leaves. The purpose of this study was to utilize rambutan peel waste into a liquid soap preparation and then carry out an antibacterial test against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The content of compounds from the skin of rambutan fruit (Nephelium lappaceium Linn) is thought to have antibacterial properties. The content test was carried out using a phytochemical screening method. The screening results of rambutan peel extract showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. The antibacterial test method used the well diffusion method with concentrations of 20% 40%, 60% positive control of Biore liquid soap and negative control of soap base. The test parameters for liquid soap preparations include: organoleptic test, homogeneity test, pH test, foam height. The results showed the best concentration of 60% had the ability as an antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus.
Test The Wound Healing Activity Of Nephelium Lappaceium Fructus Cortex Extract Ointment On New Zealand Rabbits Arif Wijayanto; Luluk Aniqoh Meliana Putri; Juvita Herdianty
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 4 No. 2 (2022): October
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v4i2.67

Abstract

Nephelium lappaceium Linn.(Rambutan) is a natural ingredient rich in active substances that are beneficial to human health. In this study, the use of Nephelium lappaceium fructus cortex was used for the healing of open wounds where Nephelium lappaceium fructus cortex contains tannins which are expected to help heal open wounds. The content test was carried out using the phytochemical screening method of Nephelium lappaceium fructus cortex extract which showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins, then a wound healing test was carried out with Nephelium lappaceium fructus cortex extract which was divided into 5 groups randomly, namely normal, negative control (Vaseline album) , positive control (Betadine salp® each gram contains 10% Povidone Iodine), presented topically 7.5% and 15% Nephelium lappaceium fructus cortex extract ointment. The back skin of New Zealand rabbits is 3-5 months old, weighs 1500–2000grams, has normal and healthy activities and has agile activities, is normal and in healthy condition, then was injured with a punch biopsy with a diameter of 5 mm, a depth of ± 0.5 mm, then treatment according to the test group for 21 days. Parameters measured included wound diameter in rabbits. The results showed that the ointment extract of Nephelium lappaceium fructus cortex 15% had an open wound healing activity which was comparable to a positive control with an open wound healing activity of 0.2mm.
Formulation Of Mephenamic Acid Granules With Pvp And Avicel Mixture On The Physical Of Granules Juvita Herdianty; Arif Wijayanto; Atary Anggita
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023): April
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v5i1.87

Abstract

Mefenamic acid is a drug that is often used to relieve pain. Mefenamic acid is a drug used as an analgesic, antipyretic, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). In the BCS (Biopharmaceutical Classification System) it is included in the class II category, namely its low solubility with high permeability. To overcome this, it is necessary to make efforts to increase solubility to obtain good bioavailability. This study aims to formulate granules using a mixture of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) and Avicel for the physical properties of the granules in three formulations. Preparation of granules using the wet garnulation method by making three formulations with varying concentrations of PVP, namely 1%, 2% and 3%. The results of the evaluation of the physical properties of mefenamic acid granules showed that the flow properties of the three formulas met the requirements, namely > 10 grams/second. The water content test showed that the three formulas met the requirements with a range of 2-5%, while the angle of repose test of the three formulas was only formula 1 which met the requirements, namely less than <30o.
Activity Testing Of Katuk Leaf Ethyl Acetate Fraction Gel Preparation (Sauropus Androgynus (L.) Merr.) On Healing Wistar Strain White Rat Burns Mintarti; Juvita Herdianty
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023): October
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v5i2.98

Abstract

Burns are a condition of loss or damage to skin tissue due to contact between the skin and a heat source. The ethyl acetate fraction of katuk leaves (Sauropus Androgynus (L.) Merr.) is known to be able to help accelerate the healing process of burns because it contains flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins and saponins. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of giving the ethyl acetate fraction of katuk leaves and to find out the best concentration of the fraction in healing burns. This study was a laboratory experimental study using the Post Test Control Only Group Design approach using 25 male white rats divided into 5 groups (each group consisted of 5 rats). The treatment groups were K+ (bioplacenton), K- (base), the ethyl acetate fraction of katuk leaves which consisted of several concentrations, namely F I (5%), F II (10%), F III (20%). The parameters observed were a decrease in the diameter of the burn wound and healing of the skin of the rats. Based on the results of observations of healing of burns, statistically showed a significant difference between groups with a p value <0.05. The best concentration in healing burns on the rat's back was a concentration of 20% with a healing percentage of 83.11%, followed by a concentration of 10% (66.71%), a concentration of 5% (56.00%). The healing activity of burns in the positive control with a healing percentage of 82.35%. So the best burn healing activity was in the ethyl acetate fraction of katuk leaves with a concentration of 20% with a healing percentage of 83.11%.
Formulation of capsule preparations with variations in aerosil concentration on the results of preparation evaluation Arif Wijayanto; Juvita Herdianty
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v2i1.132

Abstract

Capsules can be defined as a solid dosage form, where one or more types of drugs and/or other inert ingredients are contained in a shell or small container that can dissolve in water (Ansel 2005). Gelatin is a suitable material for making capsule shells because it is edible and soluble, forms a strong, thin-layered shell and changes from solution to gel form slightly above ambient temperature. Gelatin immediately dissolves in water at body temperature and does not dissolve if the temperature drops below 30°C (Agoes, 2008). Based on the test results, the disintegration time for F1 capsules is 2.12 minutes; F2 is 2.21 minutes; and F3, namely 2.27 minutes. These three formulas meet the requirements, namely not less or equal to 15 minutes. Based on the test results, F1 3.44 seconds, F2 3.76 seconds, F3 3.24 seconds, the flow speed of these three formulas meets the flow speed requirements, namely flow speed ≥ 10 g/second. The flow speed of the three formulas is in the good category, namely 2-10 g/sec which is said to be very good while it is said to be good. The flow speed is good because Aerosil has a very small and fine particle size. Apart from being an absorbent, aerosols are also able to improve flow properties by reducing friction between particles and by averaging test results from angles of repose F1 45°, F2 43° and F3 53°. In the weight uniformity test at F 1,2,3 it does not meet the requirements for factors that influence weight uniformity, namely lack of accuracy, different drug weights due to uneven distribution.
Formulation of Wangi Pandan Leaves (Pandanus Amaryllifolius Roxb) to smooth, moisturize and repair the skin Juvita Herdianty; Alfara Derista Felany
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): April
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v2i1.134

Abstract

Bodyscrub is one of the products that is the result of rapid technological developments today, bodyscrub scrubs are used to maintain the cleanliness and freshness of body skin, bodyscrub products vary greatly starting from price, packaging color, softness of texture and aroma (Nina Hairiyah, Nuryati, and Fitri Nordiyah, 2022).The aim of using a body scrub is to remove dead skin cells, dirt and open pores so that the skin becomes brighter and whiter. Currently, there are many types of body scrubs circulating in society with various benefits ranging from smoothing the skin to whitening the skin (Hairiyah, N., & Nuryati, 2020) Medicinal plants have traditionally been used to treat many diseases and maintain health in Southeast Asia, many plants are described as having traditional medicinal properties. One of the plants that can be used in cosmetics is fragrant pandan leaves (pandanus amaryllifolius roxb) which is a tropical plant from the pandanaceae family. Pandan leaves can also be called pine leaves. because it resembles a pineapple with long, spiral green leaves. narrow and rope-shaped. Pandan leaves contain phytochemical compounds such as steroids, carbohydrates, phenols, flavones, alkaloids, glycosides, amino acids and many vitamins. The appearance and function of the skin is maintained by an important balance between water. This study aims to formulate and evaluate the physical quality results of pandan wangi leaves powder body scrub cream with emulgator concentrations of 15%, 14% and 13% stearic acid, and 1%, 2% and 3% triethanolamine. Experimental research method to determine variations in the concentration of stearic acid and triethanolamine emulsifiers. Observation of the results of evaluating the physical quality of the preparation includes organoleptic tests, homogeneity, pH, stickiness tests, spreadability tests and emulsion type. The result It can be concluded that the fragrant pandan leaf powder body scrub preparation can moisturize the skin, shows a homogeneous scrub with a semi-solid shape, is light green in color and has a typical pandan smell, has a neutral pH of 7.4 and 7.2 on day 7, the pH value is not appropriate The desired number is 6, this is because the preparation is influenced by the number of emulsifiers used. The more stearic acid, the lower the pH because of the large number of acid groups contained in stearic acid, while the more triethanolamine will cause the pH to be high due to the presence of basic groups contained in triethanolamine. with a spreadability of 5.1 cm and 4.83 cm on day 7. This is because the emulsifier concentration is high and the surfactant concentration is low, so the viscosity is very high so the spreadability is low. and the results of adhesion were 88.33 seconds and 49.33 seconds on day 7, adhesion was influenced by the viscosity of the base. Stickiness is closely related to viscosity.
VARIATION OF MANIHOT AMYLUM AS A DISINTEGRANT IN TABLET FORMULATION RESULTS WITH THE ACTIVE INGREDIENTS PARACETAMOL, IBUPROFEN AND CAFFEINE Juvita Herdianty; Nola Nonita Nengsieh
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): October
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v2i2.137

Abstract

In general, oral medications must first dissolve in digestive fluids before they can be absorbed through the intestinal wall. Therefore, increasing the dissolution rate is a rate determining step that can increase drug absorption, especially for substances that are difficult to dissolve (Giang, T.P. 1987). One drug that is difficult to dissolve is ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is an analgesic, antipyretic, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with water solubility of 0.049 mg/ml and is almost insoluble (Bhattamishra, S.D and Padhy, R.K. 2009). In addition to the active ingredients, tablets can also contain excipients such as diluents, binders, disintegrants, lubricants (lubricants, non-stick agents, glidants) and in some cases can contain flavoring or coloring agents. (Shamsuni, 2007). Ibuprofen in Ibuprofen in the Class II Drug biopharmaceutical classification system has poor solubility and is very permeable (Dressman and Butler, 2001). Ibuprofen is too uniform and has poor flow characteristics (Resenack, Muller, 2002). This study aims to formulate and evaluate the physical quality results of manihot amylum with desintegran of 3%, 5% and 10%. Experimental research method to determine variations in the concentration of manihot amylum Observation of the results of evaluating the physical quality of the preparation includes organoleptic tests, water content, flow time, repose angle, pH, disintegration time test and tablet hardness testing. The results of this research indicate that there is an influence of differences in the concentration of manihot amylum has a There is a water content test for all formulations that meet the requirements, namely <5%. In the test, the disintegration time of the formulation met the requirements, namely less than 15 minutes. The pH test of all formulations meets the requirements. In the flow time test all formulations met the requirements. In the angle of repose test the preparation meets the requirements. However, when the tablet hardness test does not meet the requirements, it can occur due to the influence of the binder used in the formulation
FORMULATION OF GRANULES AND TABLETS ACTIVE INGREDIENT PARACETAMOL IBUPROFEN AND ITS EVALUATION RESULTS Arif Wijayanto; Juvita Herdianty
Strada Journal of Pharmacy Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021): October
Publisher : Universitas STRADA Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30994/sjp.v3i2.139

Abstract

Granulation is a process of increasing the powder size where a powder mixture that has a small cohesive force is changed into a larger particle size. Granulation begins with mixing the required active ingredients, so that a form of active ingredient is achieved through a mixing process (Musnamar, 2005). Dry granulation (slugging) is processing active ingredient and excipient particles by pressing the dry mixture into a solid mass. After it becomes a solid mass, it is then broken down again to produce particles that are larger than the original powder (granule). Dry granulation is used for active ingredients that have an effective dose that is too high to be directly compressed, active ingredients that are sensitive to heating and humidity, active ingredients that are difficult to flow (Chaerunnisa et al, 2009). Ibu profen is a derivative of propionic acid which has strong analgesic, antipyretic and not too strong anti-inflammatory properties. Ibuprofen has a dose-dependent duration of around 9-8 hours which is longer than the half-life. The recommended dose varies depending on body mass and indication. Paracetamol has poor compactibility and fluidity, which causes difficulties during compression with drugs that have poor compactibility in large doses. It is most appropriate to use the granulation method in this practicum using the dry granulation method because ibuprofen is not resistant to heat or moisture. Prepare tools and materials, Weighing 175 grams of Acetaminophen, 100 grams of Ibuprofen, 7.3 grams of Manihot Starch (F1= 10.95 g, F2= 36.5 g, F3= 73 g), 7.3 grams of PVP, and (F1= 0, 13985 g, F2= 0.08875 g, F3=0.00845 g), mix ad homogeneously (inner phase), The resulting internal phase mixture is inserted into the die on a tablet press, until slugs are formed, with each weighing more than 500 mg. Put the slugging results into the mortar then grind slowly until granules are formed, Sift the granules with a no 12 mesh sieve. In testing the water content of F1 granules, it was found that the granules met the water content requirements because they had a percent value of less than 5%, which was 2.55% in F1. Meanwhile, water content has not yet been obtained for F2, F3 and K-, because the slugging process cannot be carried out. Testing the angle of repose F1 before compression is 24°, after compression is 25°. At F2 before compression it is 25°, at F3 before compression it is 30°. The test results of all formulations met a good angle of repose range of 25 - 30°, but did not match the formula design. In flow time testing. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health, 2018 stated that the flow speed is good if the granules flow <10 seconds. In F1, the flow time before they become granules is 50 seconds and after they become granules it is 6.39 seconds, where these results meet the literature. Meanwhile, for F2, F3, and K-, no results were obtained after becoming granules because the formulation could not go through the slugging process.