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Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Synbiotics, Probiotics, and Prebiotics Prevention Aziri, Zirly Vera; Manafe, Carolina Janicca Winda
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7490

Abstract

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) or intestinal inflammation is a gastrointestinal disease that is the leading cause of death among infants. NEC is often diagnosed late due to its non-specific signs and symptoms, resulting in increased mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this paper is to explain the mechanisms of how synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics contribute to the prevention of NEC. Several randomized trials and observational studies have identified various factors associated with NEC. However, the causality of many of these factors remains unclear and may involve different etiological mechanisms. Prevention of NEC can be achieved through the administration of synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics. According to previous research, the administration of synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics has significant potential and benefits in preventing NEC. The data sources were obtained by conducting an online search through library databases, including PubMed, ProQuest, ScienceDirect, MDPI, and Google Scholar. According to previous research, the administration of synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics has significant potential and benefits in preventing NEC. This paper summarizes the current  etiology, risk factors and synbiotics, probiotics, and prebiotics Prevention of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis: Stem Cell as Future Potential Therapy Syafitri, Bq. Annisa Salmaadani; Manafe, Carolina Janicca Winda; Hulfifa, Lale Nandita; Aziri, Zirly Vera; Afifah, Fiza; Wahyudi, Syahla Marsellita; Musyarof, Disa Fadil
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 4 (2024): Oktober - Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i4.7529

Abstract

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is an inflammatory bowel condition in infants and considered as one of the leading causes of death in infants, especially premature infants. The high mortality rate due to NEC in recent decades has become a problem because there is no current therapy that can optimally treat NEC. Currently, NEC is treated using Bell's Staging as a guide and surgery is a common procedure, especially if necrosis has occurred. However, complications arising from surgery not only reduce the patient's quality of life but can also result in death. Therefore, it is necessary to find new therapy in order to treat NEC effectively and minimize the possibility of side effects in NEC patients. Stem cells are known for their regenerative abilities which is potential to overcome tissue damage due to excessive inflammation in NEC. Previous studies also show that stem cells have become new therapy to treat other intestinal diseases which have similar features with NEC. This study aims to explain mainly on stem cells’s promising mechanism of action in treating NEC. The method used for this study is a literature review design by selecting and reviewing relevant previous literature using databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct. This paper summarizes pathophysiology, clinical manifestation, current therapy and mechanism of action of stem cells and their derivatives as future potential therapy for NEC. Based on evidence found, stem cells and their derivatives are potential to be used as NEC therapy in the future. However, the data obtained is not sufficient to support its use in humans. Given the urgency in finding an effective NEC management and the potency of stem cells, further research is needed to support the use of stem cells as NEC therapy.
Comprehensive Analysis of Abortion: Risk Factors, and Management in Reproductive Health Musyarof, Disa Fadil; Zahira, Lu’lu Al Fatina; Rifa’i, Ahmad Nur; Iqlima, Aisya Yafis; Aziri, Zirly Vera; Putra, Anak Agung Gede Agung Difa Agusta Pramana; Mujahid, Sabila Izzatina Azmy; Zulkarnaen, Decky Aditya
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.7915

Abstract

Abortion is defined as the process of expelling the products of conception before the fetus is fit to survive. The fetus is said to be viable or able to survive when it reaches 20 weeks of pregnancy or weighs 500 grams. The purpose of this article is to provide a comprehensive understanding of abortion, including definition, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, classification, and management of abortion. The method used is a literature review that includes various academic sources and the latest research related to abortion. Based on the type of occurrence, abortion is divided into two, namely spontaneous abortion and intentional abortion.. Based on the type of event, abortion is divided into two, namely spontaneous abortion and intentional abortion. Intentional abortion is divided into abortion provokatus medicinalis or abortion carried out with medical indications and abortion provokatus criminalis, namely abortion without a valid medical reason. Meanwhile, based on the clinical picture, abortion is divided into several types, namely imminens abortion, incipient abortion, incomplete abortion, complete abortion, missed abortion, and septic abortion. The various types of abortion have their own management.
Understanding Hypertension during Pregnancy: Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies Sholihatin, Illiyani; Murniati, Rinesita; Alami, Fathimah Nur; Aziri, Zirly Vera
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 24 No. 1b (2024): Special Issue
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v24i1b.7940

Abstract

Hypertension during pregnancy is a major contributor to morbidity, mortality, and hospitalization for both mothers and their unborn infants. Hypertension during pregnancy can significantly raising the risk of chronic diseases in the mother including heart failure, stroke, and chronic kidney disease, as well as increasing the chance of preterm birth and low birth weight of the baby. This conditions includes chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension preeclampsia, and eclampsia. This paper aims to review existing literature about factors influencing hypertension in pregnancy and the strategies to prevent this conditions. The analyzed literature shows that the high prevalence of hypertension during pregnancy is associated with several risk factors, including body mass index (BMI), maternal age, multiple pregnancies, gestational diabetes, history of hypertensive disorders in prior pregnancies, type 2 DM, and a family history of conditions such as type 2 DM, hypertension, and preeclampsia. Additionally, other factors such as level of education and socioeconomic status also effect the incidence of hypertension in pregnancy. The data were collected through an online search of library databases such as ProQuest, PubMed, MDPI, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. This paper presents an overview of the risk factors and preventive strategies for hypertension during pregnancy.