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Determination Coal Mine Ultimate Pit Limit based on Kepmen ESDM No. 227.K/MB.01/MEM.B/2023 and PP 26 2022 Suparno, Fanteri Aji Dharma; Aminah, Siti; Haeruddin, Haeruddin; Lestari, Rina; Mulyani, Kurnia Dewi; Manek, Emanuel; Sulistyo Rini, Utari Retno
Journal of Earth and Marine Technology (JEMT) Vol 5, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Lembaga Penelititan dan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat - Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Suraba

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jemt.2025.v5i2.7236

Economic factors and variables from geological resource models affect ultimate pit limit (UPL). Coal selling price, overburden stripping cost, coal mining cost, and royalties are among the economic factors taken into account in UPL. PP 26 2022 and Kepmen 227.K/MB.01/MEM.B/2023 both control the benchmark coal selling price and royalties. It takes a lot of time to determine UPL utilizing the Lerchs Grossman (LG) algorithm. UPL optimization is now feasible by integrating mining modelling software's Structured Query Language (SQL). The goal of this study is to determine UPL by maximizing coal resources at the site using the help of SQL in LG algorithm, which can optimize pits efficiently, precisely, and economically while taking the most recent laws into account. The study investigates a coal mine in Sanga-sanga, East Kalimantan. The study entails examining data processing using secondary data that was gathered for the study. Using the break-even stripping ratio (BESR) analysis approach, mining limitations are chosen. The chosen incremental stripping ratio (ISR) of 12.88 is in close proximity to the $13.41/ton break-even stripping ratio (BESR). The grid OPT015 in the optimization grid contains the incremental stripping ratio (ISR) value and considered as the UPL for the coal mine.

Gambaran dan Perubahan Pemahaman Masyarakat terhadap Mitigasi Kekeringan melalui Edukasi Sumur Resapan Padang, Ostwald; Manek, Emanuel Grace; Sitepu, Dio Aldestra; Bachri, Rian Akmal; Triatmojo, Mohammad Afiandy; Aliansyah, Muhammad Yusuf
Beujroh : Jurnal Pemberdayaan dan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat Vol. 3 No. 2 (2025): Beujroh : Jurnal Pemberdayaan dan Pengabdian pada Masyarakat
Publisher : Yayasan Sagita Akademia Maju

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61579/beujroh.v3i2.486

Drought is one of the hydrometeorological disasters that significantly affects water availability, the environment, and the socio-economic lives of communities. The low level of public understanding regarding the causes and mitigation strategies for drought presents a major challenge in building environmental resilience. This study aims to describe and measure changes in community understanding of drought mitigation following an educational intervention on rainwater infiltration wells (sumur resapan) as a practical technical solution. The method employed was a pretest–posttest design using a Likert-scale questionnaire administered to 50 respondents. The results show a significant improvement in all measured aspects, including understanding of drought causes, mitigation steps, daily water-saving practices, and technical knowledge of constructing infiltration wells. Prior to the intervention, most participants demonstrated low levels of knowledge; after the educational session, there was a marked shift toward moderate to high levels of understanding. This participatory-based education proved effective in fostering awareness, preparedness, and trust in drought mitigation efforts through the implementation of infiltration well technology. These findings suggest the importance of sustained educational programs to strengthen community adaptation to climate change and water scarcity.

Analisa Kestabilan Lereng Area High Wall di PT.X berdasarkan Faktor keamanan Manek, Emanuel; Nefia, Arica
Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology Sciences Vol. 4 No. 1 (2025): April: Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology Sciences
Publisher : Faculty Of Engineering University 17 August 1945 Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56444/qtng6x72

Slope stability is a key concern in open-pit mining due to its impact on safety and operational efficiency. Mine X, located in Kalimantan Island, faces landslide risks on its high wall slopes. This study aims to model slope stability and determine safe and economical slope geometry. The analysis was performed using the Limit Equilibrium Method (Bishop Simplified), both analytically and numerically, through Slide 6.0 software by Rockscience Inc. Input data were obtained from five geotechnical investigation points provided by PT.X, including cohesion, internal friction angle, and saturated unit weight. Two lithologies were analyzed—claystone and sandstone—with slope height variations (5 m, 10 m, 15 m) and angles (26°, 45°, 51°, 59°), under dry and saturated conditions. Simulation results show that the factor of safety (SF) decreases with increasing slope height and angle, especially under saturated conditions. Sandstone demonstrates better stability than claystone. The recommended optimal slope geometry is 10 meters in height with a 59° angle, yielding a SF ≥ 1.25 and aligning with the PC-400 excavator's cutting capability. This study provides a technical reference for designing safe slopes that support mining productivity.

Analisis Lebar Jalan Tambang Terhadap Produktivitas Hydraulic Shovel Liebherr R996 & Dump Truck Hitachi EH4500 di PT XYZ Rini, Utari Retno Sulistyo; Manek, Emanuel G.; Mulyani, Kurnia Dewi; Aminah, Siti
Jurnal Teknologi Sumberdaya Mineral Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertambangan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jeneral.v5i2.53372

PT XYZ adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pertambangan batubara yang menerapkan sistem penambangan terbuka. Pengupasan lapisan tanah penutup batubara di Pit X PT XYZ dilakukan dengan alat muat hydraulic shovel Liebherr R996 sebanyak satu unit dan alat angkut dump truck Hitachi EH4500 sebanyak enam unit. Target pengupasan tanah penutup di Pit X adalah sebesar 2.100 BCM/jam. Saat ini produktivitas hydraulic shovel Liebherr R996 sebesar 1.970,385 BCM/jam dan untuk dump truck Hitachi EH4500 sebesar 1.450,77 BCM/jam. Saat ini target produktivitas belum tercapai karena adanya beberapa faktor di PT XYZ dan yang akan menjadi fokus penelitian ini pada faktor jalan angkut yang kurang lebar di beberapa titik. Upaya pencapaian produktivitas dapat dilakukan dengan cara pelebaran jalan angkut. Dari pengamatan lapangan waktu edar dump truck adalah 23,30 menit. Dengan simulasi perhitungan, pelebaran jalan dapat mengurangi waktu edar dump truck menjadi 21,30 menit dan produktivitas dump truck meningkat menjadi 1.703,03 BCM/jam. Namun, alternatif ini perlu digabungkan dengan beberapa alternatif tambahan dalam mencapai target yang signifikan di PT XYZ seperti meningkatkan nilai bucket factor shovel, peningkatan efisiensi kerja dan penambahan alat angkut. Sehingga pada akhirnya diharapkan adanya kelanjutan kajian terkait alternatif-alternatif tambahan tersebut sehingga PT XYZ dapat mencapai target yang diharapkan secara signifikan.

Non-Linear Lineament Density Impacts on Groundwater Infrastructure for Drought Resilience in Kulon Progo, Indonesia Susatio, Raja; Arrisaldi, Thema; Aprilia, Faridha; Manek, Emanuel Grace; Wilopo, Wahyu
Dinamika Teknik Sipil: Majalah Ilmiah Teknik Sipil Vol. 18/No. 2/Desember 2025
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23917/dts.vi.13704

Drought poses a significant threat to water supply in regions like Kulon Progo, Indonesia. Seasonal water shortages lead to agricultural losses and increased disaster vulnerability. This study aims to improve groundwater exploration method for drought mitigation by analyzing the correlation between lineament density and groundwater using a dataset of 127 observations from Samigaluh and Kalibawang subdistricts using Pearson Correlation. The research uncovers a non-linear threshold at 4 km/km². Below the threshold, groundwater occurrence increases with density (r = 0.949), shows increasing infiltration. But above the threshold, occurrence decreases (r = -1.000), suggesting over-fracturing reduces storability. Maximum depths follow a similar pattern (r = 0.883 below, r = -1.000 above). These findings challenge conventional scoring methods in groundwater potential zoning, which often assume a linear positive relationship with lineament density. The study provides a novel framework for targeted exploration, prioritizing moderate-density zones to mitigate drought impacts and build resilience against climate-induced disasters.

Analisis Lebar Jalan Tambang Terhadap Produktivitas Hydraulic Shovel Liebherr R996 & Dump Truck Hitachi EH4500 di PT XYZ Rini, Utari Retno Sulistyo; Manek, Emanuel G.; Mulyani, Kurnia Dewi; Aminah, Siti
Jurnal Teknologi Sumberdaya Mineral Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertambangan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jeneral.v5i2.53372

PT XYZ adalah perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang pertambangan batubara yang menerapkan sistem penambangan terbuka. Pengupasan lapisan tanah penutup batubara di Pit X PT XYZ dilakukan dengan alat muat hydraulic shovel Liebherr R996 sebanyak satu unit dan alat angkut dump truck Hitachi EH4500 sebanyak enam unit. Target pengupasan tanah penutup di Pit X adalah sebesar 2.100 BCM/jam. Saat ini produktivitas hydraulic shovel Liebherr R996 sebesar 1.970,385 BCM/jam dan untuk dump truck Hitachi EH4500 sebesar 1.450,77 BCM/jam. Saat ini target produktivitas belum tercapai karena adanya beberapa faktor di PT XYZ dan yang akan menjadi fokus penelitian ini pada faktor jalan angkut yang kurang lebar di beberapa titik. Upaya pencapaian produktivitas dapat dilakukan dengan cara pelebaran jalan angkut. Dari pengamatan lapangan waktu edar dump truck adalah 23,30 menit. Dengan simulasi perhitungan, pelebaran jalan dapat mengurangi waktu edar dump truck menjadi 21,30 menit dan produktivitas dump truck meningkat menjadi 1.703,03 BCM/jam. Namun, alternatif ini perlu digabungkan dengan beberapa alternatif tambahan dalam mencapai target yang signifikan di PT XYZ seperti meningkatkan nilai bucket factor shovel, peningkatan efisiensi kerja dan penambahan alat angkut. Sehingga pada akhirnya diharapkan adanya kelanjutan kajian terkait alternatif-alternatif tambahan tersebut sehingga PT XYZ dapat mencapai target yang diharapkan secara signifikan.

Characterization Coal of The Warukin Formation in Kananai Village, South Barito, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia Arica Nefia; Manek, Emanuel Grace
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): JGEET Vol 11 No 01 : March (2026)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2026.11.1.21616

This research was conducted to identify geological conditions and the influence of maceral composition on the quality and rank of coal in the study area, which is divided into four rock units. The method used is surface geological mapping to describe the local geological conditions, as well as laboratory analysis which includes maceral analysis, vitrinite reflectance, proximate, and calorific value. The focus of the research is on the unit bedding of mudstone and sandstone with Coal (Warukin Formation) which is a coal-bearing unit. The results of the analysis show that the coal in the study area has the highest rank with an average vitrinite reflectance value (Rv%) of 0.55, the calorific value of 6896 cal/gr, and coal rank is included in the high volatile bituminous C category.

Identifikasi Sumber Pencemaran Kualitas Air Berdasarkan Rasio Nitrat dan Klorida Serta Parameter Bakteri Fecal Coliform di Mata Air Mrutu dan Sekitarnya, Kabupaten Lumajang, Jawa Timur Manek, Emanuel Gracek; Amirrul, Hafids Galant; Rachman, Mochammad Hasmannoor
Jurnal Teknologi Sumberdaya Mineral (JENERAL) Vol. 6 No. 2 (2025)
Publisher : Program Studi Teknik Pertambangan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Jember

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.19184/jeneral.v6i2.60004

Kabupaten Lumajang Provinsi Jawa Timur secara administratif terletak pada lereng gunung api Bromo sehingga memiliki banyak mata air. Salah satu mata air tersebut adalah mata air Mrutu yang terletak di bagian timur Gunung Bromo dengan debit 1.750 Liter/detik yang potensi menjadi penyedia air melalui SPAM regional dimasa yang akan datang selama kuantitas dan kualitasnya sesuai dengan peruntukannya. Oleh karena itu dilakukan fokus kajian pada sumber pencemar yang berpotensi mendegradasi kualitas mata air Mrutu dan sekitarnya. Pengambilan sampel mata air untuk mengetahui kandungan nitrat, ion klorida dan bakteri fecal coliform pada air tanah dilakukan sebanyak 10 sampel di sekitar wilayah mata air Mrutu. Rata-rata rasio nitrat dan klorida pada air tanah di daerah penelitian berada pada rasio 3:1. Sebagian besar nitrat yang terdapat pada air tanah di daerah penelitian berasal dari feses, sumber dari feses tersebut dapat berasal dari kebocoran pada sistem sanitasi pada rumah, adanya peternakan, dan penggunaan pupuk yang berbahan dari feses hewan pada area perkebunan dan tegalan/ladang yang juga berperan besar juga dalam pencemaran dikarenakan wilayah penelitian yang masih jarang pemukiman dan didominasi oleh wilayah perkebunan dan ladang.berdasar pada kelas air dalam PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021 tentang Peyelenggaraan Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup maka MA 13, MA 19 melebihi ambang batas kelas I. Perlu di perhatikan bahwa selain di MA 16 dan MA 26 yang mengandung fecal coliform yang < 1,8 teridentifikasi mengandung fecal coliform sehingga pemberlakuan zona perlindungan mata air perlu diimplementasikan.

Design of Disposal Area Transition and Drainage at Pit 2AA PT Sentosa Laju Sejahtera Site CV Anggaraksa Adisarana Loa Janan Suparno, Fanteri Aji Dharma; Ariadi, Arda Bara; Irawan, Januar Fery; Aminah, Siti; Haeruddin; Rini, Utari Retno Sulistyo; Mulyani, Kurnia Dewi; Manek, Emanuel Grace
Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology Vol. 11 No. 02 (2026): JGEET Vol 11 No 02 : June (2026)
Publisher : UIR PRESS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25299/jgeet.2026.11.02.23605

This research discusses the design of the disposal area transition and drainage system in Pit 2AA of PT Sentosa Laju Sejahtera to overcome the limited space of the stockpile due to the use of the backfilling method. The main issues include effective drainage design, selection of alternative disposal sites, and embankment slope stability analysis. The planned rainfall was calculated using the Gumbel distribution with rainfall data for the last 10 years (2014-2023), while the runoff water discharge was calculated using the Rational method, resulting in a discharge of 7.8 m³/second. The open channel was designed with two trenches, Trenches A and B, with capacities of 9.59 m³/sec and 7.92 m³/sec, respectively. The disposal design was placed outside the Life of Mine boundary, using the gradual finger disposal method with three levels from elevation 93 to 105 meters. The slope geometry consists of a tier height of 4 meters, a tier width of 15 meters, a single slope angle of 30°, and an overall slope of 13°. The total disposal capacity reached 441,310 BCM. Slope stability analysis was conducted using the Janbu Simplified method, showing that the factor of safety (FK) value is in the range of 1.308-2.404, meeting the minimum FK ≥ 1.3 according to the Decree of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 1827 K/30/MEM/2018. The results show that the drainage and disposal designs are technically feasible and support the sustainability of mine operations.

Studi Kematangan Batubara Formasi Warukin Berdasarkan Analisis Geokimia dan Reflectance Vitrinite di Barito Selatan, Kalimantan Tengah Arica Nefia; Emanuel Grace Manek
Jurnal Pendidikan, Sains, Geologi, dan Geofisika (GeoScienceEd Journal) Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Februari
Publisher : Mataram University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/goescienceed.v7i1.1709

The Warukin Formation is one of the principal coal-bearing units within the Barito Basin, where coal quality and maturity are strongly influenced by local geological conditions and thermal history. This study aims to determine the coal maturity level of the Warukin Formation in South Barito, Central Kalimantan, through the integration of geochemical analyses and vitrinite reflectance measurements. The methods employed include proximate and ultimate analyses, as well as vitrinite reflectance (Ro) measurements on four coal seams (Seams A, B, C, and D). Proximate analysis results on a dry mineral matter free (dmmf) basis indicate fixed carbon values ranging from 52.41–56.07%, volatile matter from 43.93–47.59%, and calorific values between 11,003.64–11,500.54 cal/g. These parameters consistently classify all seams as Subbituminous A coal rank according to ASTM standards. Vitrinite reflectance measurements show average Ro values ranging from 0.37% to 0.61%, generally corresponding to the Subbituminous rank, with localized increases up to High Volatile Bituminous C in Seam A. These findings indicate that the coal of the Warukin Formation in the study area exhibits low to moderate maturity, with localized variations in thermal maturity. The integration of geochemical data and vitrinite reflectance analysis proves effective in evaluating coal maturity and provides an important basis for assessing coal quality and utilization potential within the Barito Basin.

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