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Hakim, Baiq Sheila Oktalia
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Dentistry Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Medicine & Pharmacology Nursing Public Health

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Hypothyroidism with Myxedema Coma Complications: A Review of Articles during November 2024 Paramadinda, Ni Made Ayu Mas Sista; Aulia, Siti Zahroni; Rahmawati, Fadila; Yuar, Alana Akmal; Valencia, Perlin Nigel; Qadri, Annisa Salsabila; Rabbani, Yaskuna Urfi; Hakim, Baiq Sheila Oktalia; Yolanda, Rizki; Wibawa, Galang Edi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 3 (2025): Juli-September
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i3.9984

Abstract

Hypothyroidism is a condition characterized by decreased thyroid hormone production due to impaired thyroid or hypothalamic-pituitary gland function. Hypothyroidism is more common in women due to iodine deficiency. This condition can also be caused by autoimmune disorders. Symptoms of hypothyroidism vary, from mild, with few or no symptoms, to severe. Most symptoms are variable, vague, and delayed in onset. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the diagnosis and management of hypothyroidism complicated by myxedema coma. The writing method used in this literature review is references from various Indonesian and English-language literature. The literature search was conducted during November 2024, with 10 articles obtained. The review results showed that severe and uncontrolled hypothyroidism can lead to myxedema coma. Myxedema coma is a condition characterized by decreased consciousness accompanied by generalized edema. This condition frequently associated with hypothermia and hyponatremia. Myxedema coma can be diagnosed using a scoring system. Therefore, an understanding of how to diagnose and properly manage hypothyroidism with complications of myxedema coma is needed for early detection so as not to worsen the patient's prognosis.
Aortic Stenosis Review: Pathophysiology, Clinical Symptoms, and Key Diagnostic Signs Maharani, Baiq Syarifaturrayyan; Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul; Sari, Padmi Kartika; Maudina, Baiq Zaskia; Hakim, Baiq Sheila Oktalia
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10105

Abstract

Aortic stenosis is among the most common valvular heart diseases, particularly in the elderly, and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by narrowing of the aortic valve, leading to increased afterload, compensatory left ventricular hypertrophy, and eventual heart failure or sudden death. To summarize updated evidence on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic signs of aortic stenosis. A literature review was conducted through systematic searches of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, prioritizing publications from the last ten years. Articles on anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic findings, and disease progression were critically analyzed. Aortic stenosis develops through degenerative calcification, rheumatic autoimmune inflammation, or congenital malformation. Disease progression leads to elevated transvalvular gradient, reduced stroke volume, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Typical symptoms include angina, syncope, and heart failure. Key diagnostic signs are a crescendo–decrescendo systolic ejection murmur radiating to the carotid arteries and the Gallavardin phenomenon. Aortic stenosis is a progressive valvular disease with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Comprehensive understanding of its biological processes, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic signs is essential to support early detection and timely management. Such efforts may reduce morbidity and mortality while paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies in the future.
Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: Diagnostic Challenges and Therapeutic Options Maurae, Perlin Nigel Valencia; Hakim, Baiq Sheila Oktalia; Yuar, Alana Akmal
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10205

Abstract

AVMs involve complex hemodynamic disturbances, including vascular steal and venous hypertension, as well as molecular underpinnings such as mutations in the KRAS, ENG, or ALK1 genes that trigger dysregulation of angiogenesis and endothelial-mesenchymal transition (EndMT). This literature review aims to comprehensively analyze the pathophysiological aspects, diagnosis, and current therapies for brain AVMs, including the development of targeted therapies such as MEK inhibitors and anti-VEGF, as well as their clinical implications in reducing bleeding risk and improving patient outcomes. This literature review was conducted using a systematic literature review method through searching scientific articles and references related to brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). The results of the literature study show that brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital vascular abnormalities characterized by abnormal connections. With an incidence of 1.34 per 100,000 person-years, AVMs are often asymptomatic until complications arise, with bleeding being the primary presentation in 50% of cases. Diagnosis requires multimodal imaging (CT/MRI/DSA) and the Spetzler-Martin classification to assess therapeutic risk. Treatment includes a multimodal approach: microsurgery (effective for small, non-eloquent AVMs), radiosurgery (staged obliteration with risk of edema), and embolization (as adjuvant therapy). The discovery of genetic mutations (KRAS, ENG) and dysregulation of signaling pathways (TGF-β/VEGF) opens the door to targeted therapies such as MEK inhibitors or anti-VEGF. Multidisciplinary collaboration and an understanding of the molecular pathophysiology are key to improving patient outcomes. In conclusion, brain AVMs represent a complex clinical challenge that requires an integrated understanding of pathophysiology, accurate diagnosis, and risk-based therapeutic strategies.
Effectiveness of Sunscreen in Preventing Skin Problems Wibawa, Galang Edi; Yuar, Alana Akmal; Rahmawati, Fadila; Maurae, Perlin Nigel Valencia; Hakim, Baiq Sheila Oktalia; Bisa, Muhammad Rizky Yolanda; Paramadinda, Ni Made Ayu Mas Sista; Aulia, Siti Zahroni; Rabbani, Yaskuna Urfi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): Oktober-Desember
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10301

Abstract

Sunlight contains ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which is part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Low awareness of the importance of skin protection, as well as the perception that sunscreen use is incompatible with masculine image, is due to a lack of education. This paper aims to discuss the importance of sunscreen use as a preventive measure in maintaining skin health, especially in areas with high UV exposure such as NTB. The results of a literature study found that ultraviolet light is part of the electromagnetic spectrum originating from the sun. UVA, UVB, and UVC rays are the three types of these rays that may be distinguished by their wavelength. One of the major risk factors for developing skin cancer is exposure to UVA and UVB radiation. Sunscreen is one way to chemically protect the skin from the sun. Active ingredients in sunscreen have the ability to absorb, disperse, and reflect sunlight to provide the best possible protection for the skin. The chemical structure known as aromatic molecules conjugated with carbonyl groups is the mechanism of action of chemical sunscreens. The degree of hyperpigmentation is greatly impacted by proper sunscreen use. In conclusion, the public should be taught about the importance of wearing sunscreen in order to avoid the acute and long-term consequences of excessive UV exposure.
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA TERBARU SKELETAL TRAKSI : INDIKASI, TEKNIK, DAN PERANNYA DALAM PENANGANAN FRAKTUR Rabbani, Yaskuna Urfi; Qadri, Annisa Salsabila; Yuar, Alana Akmal; Rahmawati, Fadila; Wibawa, Galang Edi; Maurae, Perlin Nigel Valencia; Hakim, Baiq Sheila Oktalia; Surya, Muhammad Rizky Yolanda Biman; Paramadinda, Ni Made Ayu Mas Sista; Aulia, Siti Zahroni
Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai Vol. 6 No. 3 (2025): SEPTEMBER 2025
Publisher : Universitas Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jkt.v6i3.49184

Abstract

Fraktur merupakan kondisi medis akibat patahnya tulang akibat trauma seperti kecelakaan lalu lintas, jatuh, atau cedera olahraga. Indonesia termasuk negara dengan jumlah kasus fraktur tertinggi di Asia Tenggara. Penanganan fraktur yang tidak tepat dapat menimbulkan komplikasi serius. Salah satu metode tatalaksana definitif yang digunakan adalah traksi skeletal, yakni teknik invasif yang menggunakan pin yang ditanamkan langsung ke tulang untuk menciptakan gaya tarik yang stabil. Tulisan ini bertujuan memberikan pemahaman menyeluruh mengenai indikasi, teknik, dan peran traksi skeletal dalam manajemen fraktur. Metode penulisan berbentuk tinjauan pustaka berdasarkan artikel jurnal nasional dan internasional yang relevan. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa skeletal traksi memiliki banyak manfaat seperti stabilisasi fraktur, mengurangi nyeri akibat spasme otot, hingga memfasilitasi tindakan pembedahan lebih lanjut. Tindakan ini memerlukan teknik yang tepat dan perawatan khusus untuk mencegah komplikasi seperti infeksi dan kerusakan neurovaskular. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman terhadap teknik pemasangan, indikasi, kontraindikasi, dan pelepasan sangat penting untuk meningkatkan hasil klinis pasien dengan fraktur.
Co-Authors Aulia, Siti Zahroni Bisa, Muhammad Rizky Yolanda Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul Maharani, Baiq Syarifaturrayyan Maudina, Baiq Zaskia Maurae, Perlin Nigel Valencia Paramadinda, Ni Made Ayu Mas Sista Qadri, Annisa Salsabila Rabbani, Yaskuna Urfi Rahmawati, Fadila Sari, Padmi Kartika Surya, Muhammad Rizky Yolanda Biman Valencia, Perlin Nigel Wibawa, Galang Edi Yolanda, Rizki Yuar, Alana Akmal