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Caring for HIV Person in Dermatology Jibriel, Diaz Azhalea; Dharma, Yoga Prawira Wedha Swara; Nuriasti, Rovera; Pambudi, Balqis Prudena Kurnia; Sugiono, Muhammad Rafly Adrian; Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul; Dwiandika, Rizki Ary; Zulkifli, Yasmin Sabrina; Larasati, A. A. A. Regina; Senna, Cantika Brilliant; Tahriani, Ridha; Arif Zuhan
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10075

Abstract

More than 90% of individuals infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) exhibit skin abnormalities that can serve as important clues for early diagnosis, monitoring disease progression, and assessing the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the diverse presentation of skin problems often complicates clinical management. Methods: This article is based on a literature review of various international and national publications on skin manifestations in HIV patients, as well as dermatological management guidelines. The analysis focused on the types of skin infections, non-infectious conditions, side effects of ART, and recommended treatment strategies. Results: The literature review revealed that skin problems in HIV patients include fungal infections (such as candidiasis, dermatophytosis), bacterial (CA-MRSA, syphilis), viral (HSV, VZV, HPV, molluscum contagiosum), and non-infectious conditions such as seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and severe drug reactions. These skin conditions are influenced by a weakened immune system, treatment side effects, and socioeconomic factors. Treatment requires a combination of ART therapy, dermatological care tailored to the type of skin problem, and psychosocial support. Conclusion: Skin manifestations in HIV patients reflect their immune system and quality of life. Comprehensive treatment, including ART, dermatological therapy, and a psychosocial approach, has been shown to be effective in reducing morbidity and stigma. The results of this study underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration to improve treatment outcomes for HIV patients with skin problems in Indonesia.
Aortic Stenosis Review: Pathophysiology, Clinical Symptoms, and Key Diagnostic Signs Maharani, Baiq Syarifaturrayyan; Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul; Sari, Padmi Kartika; Maudina, Baiq Zaskia; Hakim, Baiq Sheila Oktalia
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10105

Abstract

Aortic stenosis is among the most common valvular heart diseases, particularly in the elderly, and remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality. It is characterized by narrowing of the aortic valve, leading to increased afterload, compensatory left ventricular hypertrophy, and eventual heart failure or sudden death. To summarize updated evidence on the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic signs of aortic stenosis. A literature review was conducted through systematic searches of PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, prioritizing publications from the last ten years. Articles on anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic findings, and disease progression were critically analyzed. Aortic stenosis develops through degenerative calcification, rheumatic autoimmune inflammation, or congenital malformation. Disease progression leads to elevated transvalvular gradient, reduced stroke volume, and left ventricular hypertrophy. Typical symptoms include angina, syncope, and heart failure. Key diagnostic signs are a crescendo–decrescendo systolic ejection murmur radiating to the carotid arteries and the Gallavardin phenomenon. Aortic stenosis is a progressive valvular disease with complex pathophysiological mechanisms. Comprehensive understanding of its biological processes, clinical manifestations, and diagnostic signs is essential to support early detection and timely management. Such efforts may reduce morbidity and mortality while paving the way for innovative therapeutic strategies in the future.
Behavioral and Physiological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD): A Literature Review Larasati, Anak Agung Ayu Regina; Nuriasti, Rovera; Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul; Dwiandika, Rizki Ary; Mahardika, Agustine
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10291

Abstract

Dementia is a progressive syndrome characterized by cognitive decline, impacting daily functioning. Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD), including sleep disturbances, hallucinations, delusions, apathy, depression, and agitation, are prevalent in over 90% of patients, further exacerbating their quality of life and increasing caregiver burden. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of both pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions in managing BPSD, focusing on non-pharmacological methods such as cognitive therapy and social stimulation. Data was collected through a comprehensive review of recent studies, analyzing interventions and their outcomes in reducing BPSD symptoms. The findings reveal that non-pharmacological approaches are more effective in reducing agitation and depression, with cognitive therapy showing up to 75% effectiveness. In contrast, pharmacological treatments, though useful for acute symptoms, offer limited long-term benefits. The research underscores the need for integrated, evidence-based approaches, combining medical and psychosocial support to improve patient care and alleviate caregiver stress. These findings suggest the importance of adopting holistic management strategies, particularly those that reduce isolation and enhance social interaction, in the long-term care of dementia patients.
The Relathionship Between CD31 Immunohistochemical Expression and Meningioma Grading Differences Febriana, Nanggi Qoriatul; Rosyidi, Rohadi Muhammad; Januarman, Januarman; Rahim, Adelia Riezka; Prihatina, Lale Maulin
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 1 (2025): Januari - Maret
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i1.8539

Abstract

The proper management of meningioma patients requires a definitive diagnosis of the meningioma grade by examining the expression of CD31 in tumor blood vessels using immunohistochemical staining. This study aims to determine the relationship between CD31 immunohistochemical expression and the grading differences of meningiomas. Nine paraffin block samples from the surgical tissue of meningioma patients were used, with three samples each from grade I, grade II, and grade III meningiomas. Immunohistochemical staining for CD31 was then performed on each meningioma slide, and the samples were observed under a binocular light microscope with 200x magnification. The results showed CD31 expression in grade I as 90%, 40%, and 80%; in grade II as 80%, 80%, and 60%; and in grade III as 40%, 20%, and negative (0%). The statistical test results of this study indicate a strong negative correlation between CD31 immunohistochemical expression and meningioma grading differences. The higher the meningioma grade, the lower the CD31 expression found, and vice versa. This research is important to assist neurosurgeons in the proper management of meningioma patients, potentially preventing poor prognosis and complications. It is hoped that future studies will analyze the relationship between CD31 immunohistochemical expression with subtypes of each meningioma grade and their respective locations.