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Nurmawaddah, Intan
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Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology

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Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: A Literature Review Maulana, Muhammad Rafi; Nurmawaddah, Intan; Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila; Damayanti, Ida Ayu Andara; Wiguna, I Made Danuarta; Anggoro, Joko; Maulana, Akhada
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10078

Abstract

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) is a slowly progressing hematological cancer characterized by the accumulation of abnormal B lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic tissue, commonly affecting the elderly. This review aims to comprehensively review the epidemiology, molecular basis of the disease, clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and therapeutic advances of CLL, emphasizing the importance of shifting treatment approaches towards more precision therapy. A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using the keywords "Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia", "epidemiology", "molecular basis of the disease", and "targeted therapy", with publication criteria between 2018–2025, full text, and topic relevance. Analysis was conducted using a narrative review and thematic synthesis approach to identify epidemiological trends, therapeutic effectiveness, and clinical implications. The results showed that the incidence of CLL is higher in Western countries compared to Asia, with a higher prevalence in elderly men. The main genetic factors that play a role include del(13q), del(17p), and TP53 mutations. Over the past decade, targeted therapies such as second-generation Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors (acalabrutinib, zanubrutinib) and the venetoclax-obinutuzumab combination have been shown to improve remission rates with fewer side effects compared to chemoimmunotherapy. Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) status has become an important marker for determining when therapy can be stopped early. In conclusion, this review underscores the crucial role of biomarkers and MRD in modern CLL management. Future developments include the integration of personalized therapy approaches and translational research to develop more effective and safe treatment strategies.
Utilization of Posyandu Services and its Relationship with Stunting in 6–24-Month Old Children Nurmawaddah, Intan; Nurbaiti, Lina; Paramaiswari, Nurul Firdausi
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10305

Abstract

Stunting is still a serious public health concern in Indonesia, especially in places with poor access to medical care. Stunting risk is thought to be significantly decreased by using Posyandu services, which include exclusive breastfeeding, full basic immunization, and appropriate reporting in the Maternal and Child Health (KIA) Book. Ninety respondents were chosen by stratified random sampling for this cross-sectional observational analytical study. Bivariate statistical analysis was conducted to examine the relationships between exclusive breastfeeding, basic immunization, and KIA Book completeness with stunting. The results showed no significant association between exclusive breastfeeding and stunting (p = 0.687), basic immunization and stunting (p = 0.079), or KIA Book completeness and stunting (p = 0.665). Although immunization coverage was higher among stunted children (93% versus 80%) and KIA Book completeness was high in both groups (98% in stunted versus 96% in non-stunted), these differences were not statistically significant. In conclusion, exclusive breastfeeding, basic immunization, and KIA Book documentation were not significantly associated with stunting in children attending the Puyung Health Center, Central Lombok Regency. Further studies are recommended to explore the roles of nutrition, parenting practices, and socioeconomic factors in the occurrence of stunting.
Characteristics and Therapeutic Patterns of Hyperthyroidism in Eastern Indonesia: A Hospital-Based Study Rahmatullah, Alif Rizki; Fadhila, Luthfiya Nur; Mussyafa, Aulia Putri; Wulandari, Inayah; Tunairin, Siti Raodatul Jannah; Gunawan, Aulya Khalisha; Nurmawaddah, Intan; Ningrum, Sania Tresna; Rahadian A., M. Fathir; Kusuma P, I Putu Aryana; Rifki, Muhammad
Jurnal Biologi Tropis Vol. 25 No. 4 (2025): in Progress
Publisher : Biology Education Study Program, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, University of Mataram, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29303/jbt.v25i4.10431

Abstract

Hyperthyroidism, a condition of excessive thyroid hormone production, presents significant diagnostic and management challenges worldwide. Its clinical spectrum is broad, influenced by etiology, patient demographics, and regional factors. This study was conducted to provide a detailed description of the clinical characteristics, demographic profile, and management patterns of hyperthyroid patients at Dr. (H.C) Ir. Soekarno Regional General Hospital, a tertiary care center in Bangka Belitung Province. This research utilized a descriptive observational method with a cross-sectional design. Data were retrospectively collected from the medical records of 83 patients diagnosed with hyperthyroidism between January and December 2024. The collected variables included age, gender, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and prescribed therapeutic regimens. The analysis revealed a significant female predominance (86.7%) among patients, with the majority falling into the >35 years age group (56.6%), confirming established epidemiological trends. The most prevalent clinical findings were palpitations (90.4%), goiter (85.5%), and unexplained weight loss (78.3%). Graves' disease was identified as the primary etiology in 72.3% of cases. The mainstay of treatment was pharmacotherapy, with Methimazole being the most frequently prescribed antithyroid drug (81.9%), often supplemented with beta-blockers (74.7%) for symptomatic control. This study concludes that the clinical profile of hyperthyroidism at this tertiary hospital aligns with classical presentations, predominantly affecting adult women. The findings underscore the importance of recognizing key symptoms for early diagnosis and affirm that current management practices are consistent with established clinical guidelines.
Co-Authors Akhada Maulana, Akhada Anggoro, Joko Damayanti, Ida Ayu Andara Fadhila, Luthfiya Nur Gunawan, Aulya Khalisha Ilmiah, Janiya Abdila Kusuma P, I Putu Aryana Lina Nurbaiti, Lina Maulana, Muhammad Rafi Muhammad Rifki Mussyafa, Aulia Putri Ningrum, Sania Tresna Paramaiswari, Nurul Firdausi Rahadian A., M. Fathir Rahmatullah, Alif Rizki Tunairin, Siti Raodatul Jannah Wiguna, I Made Danuarta Wulandari, Inayah